• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.56 no.12
• /
• pp.2135-2144
• /
• 2007

This paper presents system design of the slotless double-side Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Machine system (PMLSM) through magnetic field analysis and dynamic modeling. In our analysis, 2-D analytical treatments based on the magnetic vector potential were adopted to predict magnetic field with space harmonics by PM mover magnetization and stator winding current. From these, the design parameters such as inductance, Back-emf, and thrust are estimated. And, the electrical dynamic modeling including synchronous speed is completed by calculation of a DC link voltage in effort to obtain the accurate mechanical power from Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation(SVPWM). Therefore, the system design of PMLSM is performed from estimation of design parameters according to PM size and coil turns in magnetic field and from calculation of a DC link voltage to satisfy base speed and base thrust represented as the maximum output power in dynamic modeling. The estimated values from the analysis are verified by the finite element method and experimental results.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.126-135
• /
• 1997

We installed a pair of geomagnetic ground station in Ichon branch of Radio Research Laboratory(Ichon station, N37.1447, E127.5509) and Kyunghee University(Yongin station, N37.1419, E127.0454). We have successfully finished test operation, and we are now setting up a data base for the real time monitoring of the geomagnetic field. We are also going to have another geomagnetic station for the southward direction at Chejuisland(Cheju University) in summer of 1997. By that time, we will have a complete set of geomagnetic data base for the near earth solar-terrestrial environment in real time. In this paper, we compare and analyze the results of geomagnetic field observations from our stations, Kakioka observatory, Wind and Geotail satellites when the coronal mass ejections(CME) occurred on Dec. 2, 1996.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.179-186
• /
• 2009

This paper presents an approach to classify normal and Ventricular Tachycardia/Ventricular Fibrillation(VT/VF) from the Creighton University Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia DataBase(CUDB) using the neural network with weighted fuzzy membership functions(NEWFM). In the first step, wavelet transform is used for producing input values which are used in the next step. In the second step, two numbers of input features are extracted by phase space reconstruction method and peak extraction method using coefficients produced by wavelet transform in the previous step. NEWFM classifies normal and VT/VF beats using two numbers of input features, and then the accuracy rate is 90.13%.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2019

Busanjin Fortress was originally made of stone fortress for the Joseon Navy, which was located in Dongnae area in the late Joseon Dynasty. However, the Japanesque Castle of Busanjin in 1592 was built by the Japanese military during the Japanese Invasion of Korea. Since the Japanese military retreated, the Joseon Navy had renovated the fortress and had used it as a base for stationing, and it had been maintained in Busanjin Fortress until the Joseon Navy was disbanded in 1895. After the abolition of the Naval Force System, the space in Busanjin Fortress was dismantled, and the government facilities and their sites were not properly managed and repaired, eventually was sold to Japanese. As Busanjin Fortress failed to function properly, the coastal space in Busanjin became a burial ground after being reclaimed by Japanese with real estate investment in mind. Today, the traces of Busanjin Fortress have been removed by the reclamation work, and only the remains of some stone pillars remain under the name of Jaseongdae(子城臺). Thus, the old custom as the Naval base disappeared, leaving only the image of Japanesque Castle.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.14 no.1 s.41
• /
• pp.123-134
• /
• 2005

This study is focused on a space for man in upper classes house that is one of appeared characteristics as Korea, China and Japan imported Confucianism become common cultural base in these countries. Because a space for man in these countries has the same nature represented as a typical space in a upper classes house, and this space is differentiated by regional features, a way of thinking, a way of life and social structure as well, these characteristics are compared one another. Import of Confucianism influenced formation of a upper classes house and the spaces of the house are divided by generation, sexuality and classes. A space for man become a center of the house as well as a space for reception in accordance with patriarchism because this space stands for hierarchy of the house. A space for man of each country, Korea, China and Japan, has differences; that is, Chinese Jeongbang is used as a space for family as well as for guests; Korean Sarangchae is for only men and used as a reception space; Japanese Zasiki is used just for reception. These differences among countries are caused by owner's class, a civil officer or a military officer, and this class differentiated the characteristics of reception for guest. Even though the these countries take the space for man for meeting, Chinese is for family, Korean is for ancestors and Japanese is for guests.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 2013

Conventional bar code has the appearance of line bars and spaces, called as one-dimensional bar code. In contrast, the information in two-dimensional bar code is represented by either a small, rectangular or square with the types of mosaic and Braille. The two-dimensional bar code is much more efficient than one-dimensional bar code because it can allow to store and express large amounts of data in a small space and so far there is also a little information about decoding the Data Matrix in base 256 mode. According to the ISO international standards, there are four kinds of bar code: QR code, Data Matrix, PDF417, and Maxi code. In this paper, among them, we focus on describing the basic concepts of Data Matrix in base 256 mode, how to encode and decode them, and how to organize them in detail. In addition, Data Matrix can be organized efficiently depending on the modes of numeric, alphanumeric characters, and binary system and expecially, we focus on describing how to decode the Data Matrix code by four modes.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.187-191
• /
• 2008

A 7-year-old, intact female Yorkshire terrier dog was presented for coughing, anorexia, chest pain and dyspnea. Right lateral thoracic radiograph demonstrated a large mass shape on the heart base with decreased cardiac silhouette and severe right deviation of the trachea with the heart shifted to the left thoracic wall was observed on the ventrodorsal thoracic projection. Echocardiographic examination revealed a large rounded mass compressing left atrium around the heart base without signs of pericardial effusion. On computed tomographic (CT) findings, sagittal CT images depicted the possibility of cranial vena caval invasion and heart base involvement of the mass associated with biatrial compression. Dorsal CT image revealed the right deviation of trachea due to the heart base mass and markedly shrunk lung space was detected on the transverse CT image. Because the dog suddenly had died during the recovery from anesthesia after finishing CT scan, necropsy was performed. On gross findings, a large and lobulated mass was located at the base of the heart. A poorly-demarcated, infiltrative, multilobulated tumor composed of polyhedral cells in solid cellular sheets was confirmed based on histopathologic examination. This dog was diagnosed as a chemodectoma. This case report describes the clinical findings, diagnostic consistency of thoracic radiography, echocardiography and CT, and histopathologic confirmation in a spontaneously occurring chemodectoma with a Yorkshire terrier dog.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.41
• /
• pp.3.1-3.9
• /
• 2019

Background: The infratemporal fossa (ITF) is an anatomical lateral skull base space composed by the zygoma, temporal, and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Due to its difficult approach, surgical intervention at the ITF has remained a heavy burden to surgeons. The aim of this article is to review basic skull base approaches and ITF structures and to avoid severe complications based on the accurate surgical knowledge. Methods: A search of the recent literature using MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, and other online tools was executed using the following keyword combinations: infratemporal fossa, subtemporal fossa, transzygomatic approach, orbitozygomatic approach, transmaxillary approach, facial translocation approach, midface degloving, zygomatico-transmandibular approach, and lateral skull base. Aside from our Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) trial, there have been very few randomized controlled trials. The search data for this review are summarized based on the authors' diverse clinical experiences. Results: We divided our results based on representative skull base approaches and the anatomy of the ITF. Basic approaches to the ITF include endoscopic endonasal, transzygomatic, orbitozygomatic, zygomatico-transmandibular, transmaxillary, facial translocation, and the midfacial degloving approach. The borders and inner structures of the ITF (with basic lateral skull base dissection schemes) are summarized, and the modified zygomatico-transmandibular approach (ZTMA) is described in detail. Conclusions: An anatomical basic knowledge would be required for the appropriate management of the ITF pathology for diverse specialized doctors, including maxillofacial, plastic, and vascular surgeons. The ITF approach, in conjunction with the application of microsurgical techniques and improved perioperative care, has permitted significant advances and successful curative outcomes for patients having malignancy in ITF.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.323-335
• /
• 2020

Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE), a smart material, is an innovative material for base isolation system. It has magnetorheological (MR) effect that can control the stiffness in real-time. In this paper, a new hybrid base isolation system combining two electromagnetic closed circuits and the roller bearing is proposed. In the proposed system, the roller part can support the vertical load. Thus, the MRE part is free from the vertical load and can exhibit the maximum MR effect. The MRE magnetic loop is constructed in the free space of the roller bearing and forms a strong magnetic field. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed hybrid base isolation system, dynamic characteristic tests and performance evaluation were carried out. Dynamic characteristic tests were performed under the extensive range of strain of the MRE and the change of the applied current. Performance evaluation was carried out using the hybrid simulation under five earthquakes (i.e., El Centro, Kobe, Hachinohe, Northridge, and Loma Prieta). Especially, semi-active fuzzy control algorithm was applied and compared with passive type. From the performance evaluation, the comparison shows that the new hybrid base isolation system using fuzzy control algorithm is superior to passive type in reducing the acceleration and displacement responses of a target structure.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.174-183
• /
• 2022

Management of traumatic skull base fractures and associated complications pose a unique reconstructive challenge. The goals of skull base reconstruction include structural support for the brain and orbit, separation of the central nervous system from the aerodigestive tract, volume to decrease dead space, and restoration of the three-dimensional appearance of the face and cranium with bone and soft tissues. An open bicoronal approach is the most commonly used technique for craniofacial disassembly of the bifrontal region, with evacuation of intracranial hemorrhage and dural repair performed prior to reconstruction. Depending on the defect size and underlying patient and operative factors, reconstruction may involve bony reconstruction using autografts, allografts, or prosthetics in addition to soft tissue reconstruction using vascularized local or distant tissues. The vast majority of traumatic anterior cranial fossa (ACF) injuries resulting in smaller defects of the cranial base itself can be successfully reconstructed using local pedicled pericranial or galeal flaps. Compared with historical nonvascularized ACF reconstructive options, vascularized reconstruction using pericranial and/or galeal flaps has decreased the rate of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak from 25 to 6.5%. We review the existing literature on this uncommon entity and present our case series of n = 6 patients undergoing traumatic reconstruction of the ACF at an urban Level 1 trauma center from 2016 to 2018. There were no postoperative CSF leaks, mucoceles, episodes of meningitis, or deaths during the study follow-up period. In conclusion, use of pericranial, galeal, and free flaps, as indicated, can provide reliable and durable reconstruction of a wide variety of injuries.