• 한국재료학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.453-458
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• 1994

256Mb DRAM에서 박막 커패시터로의 적용을 위해서$(Ba_{0.5}Sr_{0.5)/TiO_3$(BST)박막이 RF Magnetron Sprttering방법에 의해 제조되었다. BST박막의 결정화도는 기판온도가 높아짐에 따라 증가하였고 증착된 박막의 조성은 $(Ba_{0.48}Sr_{0.48)/TiO_{2.93}$이었다. 이때 Pt/Ti장벽층은 Si의 BST계면으로의 확산을 억제하였다. 100kHz에서의 유전상수 및 유전손실은 각각 320 및 0.022이었다. 인가전계도 (Charge Storage Density)는 40fC/$\mu \textrm{m}^{2}$, 누설전류밀도(Leakage Current Density)는 0.8$\mu A/\textrm{cm}^2$ 로서 RF Matnetron sputtering방법에 의해 제조된 BST 박막이 256Mb DRAM 적용 가능함을 보였다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.54-71
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• 1991

Health of a nation is quite often represented by the statistics such as infant death rate and maternal mortality rate. It is indisputable that maternal child health(MCH) is the basis of health of a nation. MCH is also one of the cardinal component of primary health care. The importance of MCH is conspicuous especially in the developing countries. In Korea, People in the rural communities still have high access barrier to basic health care needs, including MCH services. Access to quality care during pregnancy and delivery seems to be the crucial factor in preventing deaths in women and children. The beneficial effects of prenatal and postnatal care on the outcome of pregnancy for mother and child, and those of health professional-attended institutional delivery on the health of mother and child have been well documented in many studies. Recognizing these effects, the government of Korea received IBRD loan of $30 million in 1979 for th purpose of constructing 89 rural MCH centers. The construction is complete now and all 89 MCH centers are under operation ti imporve primary health care for mothers and children in Korea. However, it has been observed over time that overall performance of public MCH centers is declining. The decline has been attributed partly to low quality services by public MCH centers, poor management by health center mangers, competition with for-profit private clinics, and to the development of national health insurance. This study investigates the utilization by rural communities in Korea of MCH services provided by public sector health centers deemed to be physically and financially accessible to the community but suboptimally used. It seeks also to determine the factors that influence people's utilizations. This study sets out to discover a desirable form of MCH center from among alternative forms of centers, thereby to construct a MCH model.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.907-917
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• 2011

This study investigated the application of experimental design methodology to optimization of conditions of air-plasma and oxygen-plasma oxidation of N, N-Dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (RNO). The reactions of RNO degradation were described as a function of the parameters of voltage ($X_1$), gas flow rate ($X_2$) and initial RNO concentration ($X_3$) and modeled by the use of the central composite design. In pre-test, RNO degradation of the oxygen-plasma was higher than that of the air-plasma though low voltage and gas flow rate. The application of response surface methodology (RSM) yielded the following regression equation, which is an empirical relationship between the RNO removal efficiency and test variables in a coded unit: RNO removal efficiency (%) = $86.06\;+\;5.00X_1\;+\;14.19X_2\;-\;8.08X_3\;+\;3.63X_1X_2\;-\;7.66X_2^2$ (air-plasma); RNO removal efficiency (%) = $88.06\;+\;4.18X_1\;+\;2.25X_2\;-\;4.91X_3\;+\;2.35X_1X_3\;+\;2.66X_1^2\;+\;1.72X_3^2$ (oxygen-plasma). In analysis of the main effect, air flow rate and initial RNO concentration were most important factor on RNO degradation in air-plasma and oxygen-plasma, respectively. Optimized conditions under specified range were obtained for the highest desirability at voltage 152.37 V, 135.49 V voltage and 5.79 L/min, 2.82 L/min gas flow rate and 25.65 mg/L, 34.94 mg/L initial RNO concentration for air-plasma and oxygen-plasma, respectively.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.226-229
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• 2003

건설사업관리자는 사업을 진행하기 전에 사업의 실패 및 예측하지 못한 위험 발생 가능성에 대비한 공사예비비를 항상 고려해야 한다. 공사예비비를 충분히 이해하지 않고 판단을 내리게 되면 리스크로 인한 총공사비에서의 초과 비용이 누적되어 향후 사업진행에 지장을 줄 수도 있기 때문이다. 그러나 공사예비비를 사업초기부터 고려한다면, 그 사업의 실행 여부를 결정할 시점에서 여러 가지 리스크에 충분히 대비할 수 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 국내 건설사업에서 실제로 공사예비비를 사업투자나 분석에 반영하고 있는 경우는 적으며, 공사예비비를 정당하게 평가할 수 있는 프로세스 역시 부재하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 건설사업에서 리스크를 고려한 총공사비가 수립될 수 있도록 공사비 증감요인을 분류하고, 적정 공사예비비의 산정을 보장하기 위해 회귀분석을 통한 공사예비비 산정 프로세스를 제시한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1022-1026
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• 2010

The different cleavage patterns of pYBamy59 plasmid isolated from E. coli $DH5{\alpha}$ and B. longum MG1 by the cell extract of B. longum MG1 suggested that the main reason for its low transformation efficiency was related to the restriction modification (R-M) system. To confirm the correlation between the R-M system and transformation efficiency, in vitro methylation and site-directed mutagenesis were performed in pYBamy59. Sequence analysis of pYBamy59 fragments digested by the cell extract of B. longum MG1 revealed that all fragments were generated by restriction of the sequence recognized by SacII endonuclease. When pYBamy59 from E. coli was methylated in vitro by CpG or GpC methyltransferase, it was protected from SacII digestion. Site-directed mutagenesis, which removed SacII sites from pYBamy59, or in vitro methylation of pYBamy59 showed 8- to 15-fold increases in the transformation efficiency over intact pYBamy59. Modification of the SacII-related R-M system in B. longum MG1 and in vitro methylation in pYBamy 59 can improve the transformation efficiency in this strain. The results showed that the R-M system is a factor to limit introduction of exogenous DNA, and in vitro modification is a convenient method to overcome the barrier of the R-M system for transformation.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.467-475
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 환자가 경험하는 의사소통 장애가 환자 만족도와 장기적 관계지향성에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 있다. 치과 병 의원을 방문한 환자 214명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석은 PASW Statistics 18.0과 IBM SPSS AMOS 21을 이용하였다. 의사소통 장애 요인분석결과 '일방적소통', '신뢰배려부족', '환자영역', '환경영역'의 요인으로 나뉘었다. 분석 결과, 환자가 느끼는 의사소통 장애요인은 환자 만족도와 장기적 관계지향성에 영향을 미치며, 환자 만족도는 장기적 관계지향성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이 같은 결과를 바탕으로 치과종사자는 환자와 신뢰를 구축할 수 있는 의사소통 능력을 지니는 동시에 환자 만족도를 높여 계속적인 관계를 유지할 수 있도록 해야 한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2901-2904
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• 2014

The incidence of colorectal cancer has been increasing in many Asian countries including Malaysia during the past few decades. A physician recommendation has been shown to be a major factor that motivates patients to undergo screening. The present study objectives were to describe the practice of colorectal cancer screening by primary care providers in Malaysia and to determine the barriers for not following recommendations. In this cross sectional study involving 132 primary care providers from 44 Primary Care clinics in West Malaysia, self-administered questionnaires which consisted of demographic data, qualification, background on the primary care clinic, practices on colorectal cancer screening and barriers to colorectal cancer screening were distributed. A total of 116 primary care providers responded making a response rate of 87.9%. About 21% recommended faecal occult blood test (FOBT) in more than 50% of their patients who were eligible. The most common barrier was "unavailability of the test". The two most common patient factors are "patient in a hurry" and "poor patient awareness". This study indicates that colorectal cancer preventive activities among primary care providers are still poor in Malaysia. This may be related to the low availability of the test in the primary care setting and poor awareness and understanding of the importance of colorectal cancer screening among patients. More awareness programmes are required for the public. In addition, primary care providers should be kept abreast with the latest recommendations and policy makers need to improve colorectal cancer screening services in health clinics.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1800-1805
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• 2018

Inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronically relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) constitute barrier surfaces and play a critical role in maintaining gut health. Dysregulated immune responses and destruction of IECs disrupt intestinal balance. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) is the most widely used chemical for inducing colitis in animals, and its treatment induces colonic inflammation, acute diarrhea, and shortening of the intestine, with clinical and histological similarity to human UC. Current treatments for this inflammatory disorder have poor tolerability and insufficient therapeutic efficacy, and thus, alternative therapeutic approaches are required. Recently, dietary supplements with probiotics have emerged as promising interventions by alleviating disturbances in the indigenous microflora in UC. Thus, we hypothesized that the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain BB12 could protect against the development of colitis in a DSS-induced mouse model of UC. In the present study, oral administration of BB12 markedly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis, accompanied by reduced tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$-mediated IEC apoptosis. These findings indicate that the probiotic strain BB12 can alleviate DSS-induced colitis and suggest a novel mechanism of communication between probiotic microorganisms and intestinal epithelia, which increases intestinal cell survival by modulating pro-apoptotic cytokine expression.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2010

본 연구는 U-채널 세그멘탈 콘크리트 교량의 차량 충돌 안전성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. U-채널 세그멘탈 콘크리트 교량은 추가 고정하중을 감소시키고, 측보가 방호벽 역할을 동시에 수행하는 교량이라는 장점을 가지고 있다. 그러나 측보의 파괴는 전체 교량의 붕괴로 이어질 수 있는 위험 요소를 가지고 있다. 따라서, U-채널 세그멘탈 콘크리트 교량 측보의 차량 충돌에 따른 거동분석 및 특성파악이 필요하다고 판단된다. 본 논문에서는 AASHTO LRFD 설계기준 (2007)의 정적 및 동적 차량 충돌해석 기준을 적용하여 U-채널 세그멘탈 콘크리트 교량의 충돌해석을 수행하였다. 정적차량충돌해석의 경우에는 AASHTO LRFD 설계기준 (2007)에서 제시하고 있는 등가정적하중 재하하여 해석을 수행하고, 동적차량충돌의 경우에는 AASHTO LRFD 설계기준 (2007)의 방호벽 충돌실험기준에 근거한 실제 차량을 모델링하여 충돌해석을 통한 안전성 검토를 수행하였다. 검토결과, AASHTO LRFD 설계기준 (2007)을 만족하는 정적 및 동적 충돌하중에 대해 U-채널 교량시스템은 안전성을 확보하고 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제31권
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• pp.167-192
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• 2005

IMC 실행을 촉진시키기 위한 방법은 무엇인가? 이러한 의문에 답하기 위한 하나의 접근방법은 IMC 성장을 저해하는 기업의 내/외적 문제점들을 찾아내어 해결하는 것이다. 본 연구는 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 8개의 방해요인(조직구조문제, 부서간 이기주의, 데이터베이스 미흡, 효율성분석의 어려움, 고객중심 커뮤니케이션 인식부족, 대행사의존증가, 대행사의 전문성결여, 예산삭감우려)을 추출하였으며, 이들 요인들 중 IMC 실행정도에는 조직구조문제와 고객중심 커뮤니케이션 인식부족에 대한 해소가 그리고 IMC에 대한 유용성지각에는 부서간 이기주의, 고객중심 커뮤니케이션 인식부족, 예산삭감우려에 대한 해소가 유의미한 영향을 미친다는 것을 밝혀냈다. 조직의 규모(예, 매출액 및 마케팅 커뮤니케이션 비용)에 따른 IMC 실행정도의 차이는 존재하지 않았지만 IMC에 대한 유용성지각에 있어서는 고 매출액 집단이 저 매출액 집단에 비해 보다 긍정적인 것으로 나타났다. 결과에 근거하여 이론적 및 실무적 함의가 논의되었다.