• 한국육종학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.484-489
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• 2008

"영양보리"는 총체생산성이 높으며 사료 영양가가 우수한 보리품종을 개발하기 위하여 키가 크고 내습성이 강한 부농을 모본으로 하고 조숙 계통인 밀양55호를 부본으로 하여 1992년도 영남농업연구소에서 인공 교배하였다. 1993년 $F_1$을 양성한 후 1994년부터 1995년까지 집단육종법으로 $F_2$, $F_3$ 세대를 전개하였고, 1996년부터 1997년까지 계통육종법으로 $F_4$, $F_5$ 계통을 전개하여 초형 및 내병성이 우수한 YB3882-B-B-B-17-1 계통을 선발하였다. 1998년부터 1999년까지 2년간 생산력검정 예비시험과 생산력 검정 본시험을 실시한 결과, 직립이며 총체수량성이 높고 내습성이 강하여 총체 사료용 보리로서 우수성이 인정되어 "밀양111호"로 계통명을 부여하고 2000년부터 2002년까지 3년간 지역적응시험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 수량성이 높고 습해 및 호위축병에 강한 계통으로 입증되어 2002년 9월 농작물 직무육성품종선정심의회에서 신품종으로 선정됨과 동시에 "영양"으로 명명하여 등록하고 농가에 보급하게 되었다. 1. 영양보리는 올보리에 비해 출수기는 2000년부터 2002년까지 3년동안 수원, 아산, 대전에서 평균 5월 1일로 올보리보다 4일 정도 늦었으며 성숙기는 수원에서 평균 6월 6일로 올보리 보다 1일정도 늦은 중만생종이다(표2, 3). 2. 영양보리는 초장은 83 cm로 올보리 보다 2 cm크며, $m^2$ 당 경수는 637개로 올보리에 비해 120개 적었으며, 엽신/줄기+엽신의 비율과 이삭/총체 비율은 올보리와 비슷한 하였다. 3. 내습성과 도복 정도는 올보리와 비슷하였으나 연천에서 실시한 내한성은 올보리 보다 약 하였으며 호위축병 저항성은 올보리 보다 강하고, 흰가루병 저항성은 올보리와 같았다. 4. 영양보리의 건물수량은 11.7톤/ha으로 올보리보다 18% 증수하였으며, 종실수량은 6.32톤/ha로 올보리 보다 5% 증수한 다수성이다. 5. 영양보리의 탈립율이 42%로 올보리에 비해 낮았고. 조단백질 함량, ADF, NDF는 올보리와 비슷하며, TDN비율은 올보리에 비하여 다소 낮고 사일레지 품질은 비슷하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권9호
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• pp.1264-1269
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 누룩에서 ornithine 생성능을 보유하고 있는 Pediococcus 속 균주를 동정하고, ornithine 생성 유산균인 Pediococcus pentosaceus TNO-4를 이용하여 막걸리를 제조하였다. Ornithine의 전구물질인 arginine과 Pediococcus pentosaceus TNO-4를 첨가하여 제조한 ornithine 함유 막걸리의 ornithine 함량을 측정하고 세포 수준에서의 지방구 형성 억제 효과를 통한 항비만 효과를 평가하였다. Ornithine 막걸리의 ornithine 함량은 일반 막걸리에 비하여 3배 증가되었으며, 세포 실험 결과 0.05 mg/mL 농도의 ornithine 막걸리를 3T3-L1 세포에 처리하였을 때 독성이 없는 수준에서 유의적으로 지방구 형성을 억제하는 것을 관찰하였다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 후속 연구가 이루어진다면 기능성 물질이 강화된 우리나라 전통술인 막걸리를 통하여 지질축적 억제를 통한 항비만 효과를 기대해 볼 수 있을 것이라 사료된다. 더 나아가서 기능성이 부각된 막걸리의 개발을 통하여 막걸리 시장에 새로운 판로를 개척할 수 있고, 누룩에서 분리된 ornithine 생성능을 가진 유산균은 막걸리 이외에 여러 가지 발효식품에도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1982-1992
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• 2019

The alkaliphilic, calcium carbonate precipitating Bacillus sp. strain AK13 can be utilized in concrete for self-repairing. A statistical experimental design was used to develop an economical medium for its mass cultivation and sporulation. Two types of screening experiment were first conducted to identify substrates that promote the growth of the AK13 strain: the first followed a one-factor-at-a-time factorial design and the second a two-level full factorial design. Based on these screening experiments, barley malt powder and mixed grain powder were identified as the substrates that most effectively promoted the growth of the AK13 strain from a range of 21 agricultural products and by-products. A quadratic statistical model was then constructed using a central composite design and the concentration of the two substrates was optimized. The estimated growth and sporulation of Bacillus sp. strain AK13 in the proposed medium were 3.08 ± 0.38 × 10⁸ and 1.25 ± 0.12 × 10⁸ CFU/ml, respectively, which meant that the proposed low-cost medium was approximately 45 times more effective than the commercial medium in terms of the number of cultivatable bacteria per unit price. The spores were then powdered via a spray-drying process to produce a spore powder with a spore count of 2.0 ± 0.7 × 10⁹ CFU/g. The AK13 spore powder was mixed with cement paste, yeast extract, calcium lactate, and water. The yeast extract and calcium lactate generated the highest CFU/ml for AK13 at a 0.4:0.4 ratio compared to 0.4:0.25 (the original ratio of the B4 medium) and 0.4:0.8. Twenty-eight days after the spores were mixed into the mortar, the number of vegetative cells and spores of the AK13 strain had reached 10⁶ CFU/g within the mortar. Cracks in the mortar under 0.29 mm were healed in 14 days. Calcium carbonate precipitation was observed on the crack surface. The mortar containing the spore powder was thus concluded to be effective in terms of healing micro-cracks.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.109-118
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• 1993

Development process of agricultural technology has been studied with a case study of Korean agriculture. Technological is considered as a transformer of inputs into outputs and hence technological appropriateness, an important aspect of agricultural development strategies, is considered as a dynamic concepts. Considering the concept of agricultural system as a delivery system for providing essential materials and services to producers and consumers, it has been divided into two major groups of dimensions vis. external challenge dimensions and internal response dimensions. Market, investment and agro-ecosystem constitute the external challenge dimensions : whereas trade , technology as well as production and resources allocation constitute internal response dimensions. The system manager is responsible for maintaining equilibrium in the mentioned six sub-systems. Two kinds of alternatives paths of technological development viz. land saving technology and labour saving technolog have been studied. Technology is considered as a combination of four basic components viz. facilities, abilities, facts and frameworks. Adoption of innovation in agriculture depends on profitability, awareness, risk aversion, financial capacity, institutional infrastructure, availability of physical inputs and adaptability to the local conditions. For a cast study of Korea, changes in the agricultural system through external challenge dimensions are investigated. The impacts of industrialization on agro-ecosystem reported are shift of labour from the agricultural sector to non-agricultural sectors and continuously increasing demand of farm the agricultural sector to non-agricultural sectors accompanied by increase in land prices. The impacts on the commodity market discussed are shift in demand from rice, barley and other cereals to meat , dairy products and vegetables : and increasing in supply capacity of agricultural inputs. The process of agricultural development from 1962 to 19 1 9 (i.e. from start of the first to the end of the sixth five year plan) are also discussed in details with several policy measures taken. The trend of agricultural income and productivity are also analyzed. The main cause of increase in the agricultural income is considered as increase in labour productivity. The study revealed that during the span of 1965-88, holding size has not changed significantly, but both the land and labour productivity increased and so did the agricultural income. R&D activities in Korea have changed over time in three stages vix. import of improved technology, localization by adaptive research and technological mastery. For the new technology to be made affordable to farmers, policy measures like fertilizer and food grain exchange system, dual price system in rice and barely and loan for machinery were strengthened.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 1984

호주산(産) 밀 6종류(種類)에 대(對)한 제분특성(製粉特性)을 $B{\ddot{u}}hler$ test mill로 조사(調査)하고 우리나라 재래종(在來種) 수원 219호와 비교(比較)하였다. 또한 이들로부터 얻어진 밀가루(patent flour)에 대한 반죽형성능력 및 전분(澱粉)호화성질을 Farinograph, Mixograph, Amylograph, 침강시험(沈降試驗) 및 Pelshenke 시험(試驗)등을 통하여 조사(調査)하였다. 호주산(産) 밀의 제분율(製粉率)은 $59{\sim}66%$ 범위(範圍)에 속하였다. 제분율(製粉率)은 천립중(千粒重)과 밀접(密接)한 관계(關係)를 나타내었으며 liter 중(重)과는 유의적 상관관계(相關關係)를 나타내지 않았다. 이들 밀로부터 얻어진 밀가루의 단백질 함량(含量)은 밀의 종류(種類)에 따라 14.47%에서부터 6.59%로 크게 상이(相異)하였으며 반죽의 물성(物性)도 밀의 종류(種類)에 따라 큰 차이(差異)를 보였다. Australian Prime Hard와 Australian Hard는 강력한 gluten 형성능력을 가진 반면 Australian Standard White와 Australian Soft Wheat는 매우 약(弱)한 gluten 형성능력(形成能力)을 보였다. 한편 Australian Standard White와 Western Australian Wheat는 대단히 높은 호화점도를 가지는 반면 South Australian Wheat는 이례적으로 낮은 호화점도를 보였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.653-667
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• 2018

This study evaluated the quality characteristics, the presence of polyphenolic compounds, and radical scavenging activity of rice cooked along with various mixed grains (barley, black soybean, adzuki beans, foxtail millet, proso millet, sorghum, glutinous rice) by following two different cooking methods (normal and pressure cooker). The amylogram and water characteristics of mixed grains showed significant differences based on the presence of different types of mixed grains. The chromaticity, palatability characteristics, presence of phenol compounds, and radical scavenging activity of rice cooked along with different mixed grains showed significant differences according to the nature of mixed grains. Total polyphenol contents of before cooking, cooked-rice added to mixed grains cooked in the normal cooker and a pressure cooker were 4.46~5.16, 0.58~0.93 and 0.65~0.96 mg GAE/g, and total flavonoid contents were 250.74~548.89, 129.26~207.04 and $127.41{\sim}218.15{\mu}g\;CE/g$, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of before cooking, cooked-rice added to mixed grains cooked in the normal cooker and a pressure cooker was 79.25~181.61, 22.07~53.64 and 7.51~39.97 mg TE/100 g, and ABTS radical scavenging activity was 203.25~328.24, 47.28~84.94 and 58.27~99.51 mg TE/100 g, respectively. Accordingly, it is necessary to different combinations of mixed grains according to the cooking method at home and grain industry.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권spc1호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2005

축산분뇨의 효율적인 사용을 위하여 액상구비 형태의 돈분뇨를 벼-보리 작부체계 포장에서 1년에 1회$\~$2회 시용하여 벼수량 및 품질을 조사하였다. 축산농가의 돈분뇨는 채취시기나 채취농가에 따라 질소성분이 $3\~7g\;kg^{-1}$까지 함량에 차이가 많았으며 인산, 칼리 함량도 높았다. 현미 수량은 LPM+LPM 처리구에서 $14\%$로 가장 많이 증수하였으나, 다른 처리에 비하여 도복이 일어날 확률이 높고, 완전립 비율이 떨어지며 심복백율이 높아 품질이 저하될 우려가 높았다. LPM+CF, CF+LPM처리구의 수량은 CF+CF보다 약간 높았으며, 완전립율 이나 쇄미율에서는 차이가 없었다. 보리의 생육 및 수량은 처리간에 차이가 없었다. 따라서 답리작 포장에 돈분뇨는 1년에 한번 시용하는 것이 벼 수량에 양호하며 돈분뇨 시용량은 질소기준량의 $70\%$가 적절할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 미숙분뇨로 인한 작물의 피해를 줄이기 위해서는 6개월 이상 부숙 시킨 양질의 액상구비를 사용하도록 주의하여야 하며, 연용 할 경우 액비의 특성을 고려하여 액비 시용량을 작물의 질소표준시비량보다 적게 사용하는 것이 좋을 것으로 사료된다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2006

2005년은 전년에 비해 기온이 낮았고 강수량이 적었다. 벼 흰잎마름병, 세균성벼알마름병, 벼 깨씨무늬병, 벼 이삭도열병, 배나무 겹무늬병 등이 2004년에 비해 증가하였다. 특히 벼 깨씨무늬병은 전년에 비해 4배 이상 병 발생이 증가하였다. 벼 이삭도열병이 전년 0.7%에서 2005년 2%로 증가된 것은 출수기 동안 평균기온은 높았고 강수일수, 강수량 및 습도가 높아 잎도열병균이 이삭으로의 전파를 촉진한 것으로 추정되었다. 기타 조사된 병들은 전년에 비해 감소 혹은 유사한 수준이었다. 벼 잎도열병, 시설참외 시들음증상, 흰가루병 및 노균병은 전년에 비해 크게 감소되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 1981

This study aims to research on the actual state of the ways that the aged people live in Seoul use intentionally or unintentionally to maintain in their health. The aged people selected randomly for the study are 541 men and 902 women who are all more than 65 years old. This survey carried out from April to May in 1980. The results of this study are summed up as follows: 1. The main means of making a living engage was agriculture with the per cent of 57. 3 and next was commerce (11.9%). 2. As for their staple foods, the majority of them eat mixed food of rice and barley, and the rest eat rice or minor-grain mixed rice. As subsidiary foods, vegetables are the most common side dishes (68.9%) and see-weeds (6.7%) are taken by the minority of them. 3. Most of them (74.6%) frequently or occasionally take special health foods to maintaing their health. The most common health food turned out to be tonic liquor to men, while honey to women. 4. The majority of them(23.2% of men and 45.5% women) refrain from drinking and smoking. 5. 39.5 per cent of men and 25.5 per cent of wome) take light exercise such as going up hill and walking. 6. The majority of them undergo routine health check with the per cent of 10.8 or occasioanal health check with the 42.9. As medical treatment, many of them(45.9%) take Chinese remedies, western remedies(39.1%) and folk remedies (15.0%). 7. Many of them (66.0%) feel subjective symptoms about some geriatric diseases such as neuralgia, hypertension and cough. 8. Many of them (63.2%) free from mental trouble, while 17.7 per cent of them appeal to no job to do, 10.0 per cent of alienation and 9.1 per cent of domestic troubles. 9. Their subjective judgements of their secrets of health and longevity attach more importance to leading a regular life. 10. Most of them want to be served appropriate medical care, rest place, health consultations, etc. All these results reveal that health and longevity of the aged people are maintained by necessary cares and efforts, not by accident nor by apathy. It is thus highly desired tha tmany studies, enlightments and nationwide support about this problem be carried out in future.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1132-1137
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• 2012

Objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of partial substitution of barley grain with bread by-product (BB) on performance of Awassi ewes and their lambs. Forty Awassi ewes rearing single lambs were randomly allotted into four experimental diets containing various levels of BB. The experimental diets contained 0 (BB0), 10 (BB10), 15 (BB15), and 20% (BB20) of BB on dietary dry matter (DM). The study lasted for eight weeks, in which the first week was used as an adaptation period and seven weeks of data collection. Ewes and their lambs were penned individually where they were fed their lactating diets ad libitum. Ewes and lambs body weights were measured at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. However, milk production and composition were evaluated biweekly. Feeding BB had no effect (p>0.05) on dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and crude protein (CP) intakes. However, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake was the lowest (p<0.05) for the BB20 and BB15 diets followed to BB10 diet (i.e., 640, 677, 772 g/d, respectively) while the highest NDF intake was for the BB0 diet (i.e., 825 g/d). Similarly, NDF intake decreased linearly (p<0.001) as the BB content increased. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake was highest (p<0.05) for the BB0 and BB10 diets (425 and 416 g/d, respectively) followed by the BB15 and BB20 diets (359 and 342 g/d, respectively). Moreover, a linear (p<0.001), quadratic (p = 0.04), and cubic (p = 0.04) effects were observed in ADF intake among diets. Nutrient digestibility was similar among different diets. Bread by-product had no effect (p>0.05) on ewes body weight change and on lamb performance (i.e., weaning body weight and average daily gain). Similarly, no differences (p>0.05) were observed either in milk production or composition by the BB substitution. Inclusion of BB reduced feed cost by 9, 14, and 18% for the BB10, BB15, and BB20 diets, respectively. No differences were observed in milk efficiency (DM intake: milk production; p>0.05) among diets. However, cost of milk production ($US/kg milk) was the lowest (p<0.05) in the diet containing BB20. Results of the present study indicate that feeding bread by-product up to 20% of the diet DM had no effect on performance of Awassi ewes and their lambs and reduced feed cost.