• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.216-221
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• 2020

Parrots are common targets for illegal trade because of their beauty and high price. Accurate identification is necessary for the prevention of illegal trade and conservation of parrots. In the present study, mitochondrial markers of cytochrome b (CYTB) gene were used to identify parrot species from Korean zoos. Totally, 27 samples were collected from Seoul Zoo, Cheongju Zoo, and Uchi Zoo. After collection, total DNA of samples was extracted and used for PCR amplification. CYTB fragments were sequenced from all samples examined. The obtained sequences were used for GenBank blast, distance estimation, and phylogenetic analysis. All species were identified using CYTB sequences that determined 27 samples belong to 13 species in 7 genera, and 3 families. Our finding demonstrated the usefulness of CYTB sequences for identifying parrot species in Korean zoos.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.186-190
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• 2019

DNA barcoding of two marine tintinnids, Eutintinnus rectus and Schmidingerella arcuata, was performed using four samples collected from different sites in the north-eastern coast of South Korea. The loricae morphology was observed by light and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular data were analyzed using five nuclear ribosomal DNA markers(18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2, and 28S genes) and one mitochondrial marker (CO1 gene). The intraspecific pairwise differences of E. rectus and S. arcuata in the CO1 gene were 0.0-0.2% and 0.0-0.6%, respectively, while there were no differences in the 18S rDNA sequences.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.349-353
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• 2021

Scolelepis (Parascolelepis) papillosa (Okuda, 1937), originally described from a single incomplete individual from Jeju Island in Korea, was collected from the intertidal sandflats of Soan Island (Jeollanam-do province) in Korea. The examined specimens of S. (P.) papillosa agree well with the original description in having the papillae on the basal sheath of the palps, presence of occipital antenna, absence of notochaetae in chaetiger 1, branchiae completely fused with notopodial postchaetal lamellae at the anterior chaetigers, and neuropodial hooded hooks appearing from chaetiger 16. In this study, the sequences of partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA), and the nuclear 18S ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA) of the species were determined. We also provide the detailed description and illustrations on this species based on the complete specimens newly collected in this study.

• Mycobiology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.416-420
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• 2018

Crepidiastrum sonchifolium, a flowering plant in the daisy family (Asteraceae), is native to East Asia. In Korea, this plant is a locally cultivated vegetable, and its market size is gradually growing. Since the plants with downy mildew infection were initially found at a private farm of Chuncheon city, the occurrences have continued in commercial farms of other regions, highlighting that this disease is spreading throughout Korea. The pathogen was attributed to a member of the genus Bremia that contains many specialized species, each of which displays a narrow host spectrum on Asteraceae. Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses, along with the high host specificity recently proven for Bremia species, the identity of the causal agent was confirmed as a so far undescribed species of Bremia. Here, we introduce Bremia itoana sp. nov., specific to C. sonchifolium.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.396-399
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• 2020

The Antarctic freshwater copepod, Boeckella poppei (Mrazek, 1901), has the widest range of distribution extending from southern South America to Antarctic continent, among all Boeckella species. Boeckella poppei is the only freshwater copepod known to be inhabiting the Antarctic continent. In present study, we analyzed the DNA barcodes of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of B. poppei from King George Island, Antarctica. The intraspecific genetic distances varied from 0% to 13% and interspecific genetic distances ranged from 11% to 14%. The overlap of DNA barcode gap suggests careful threshold-based delimitation of species boundaries.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.144-147
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• 2022

The polychaete Scolelepis (Scolelepis) sagittaria was originally described from Japanese waters and subsequently reported from Korean waters. In this study, we determined for the first time the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA), and nuclear 18S ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA) sequences of Korean specimens of S. (S.) sagittaria. We also assessed intraspecific variation in the shape of the prostomium of this species based on an examination of 247 individuals. All materials were collected from intertidal sandy beaches of the Korea Strait. The molecular data and morphological observations reported herein will contribute to gaining a better understanding of the taxonomic relationships among members of the genus Scolelepis.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.274-278
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• 2022

One marine ciliate, Diophrys quadrinucleata Zhang et al., 2020 was newly recorded from South Korea in this study. We provided morphological diagnosis and images of the Korean D. quadrinucleata population. We determined the small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (CO1) sequence data of D. quadrinucleata, and then the sequences were compared with other Diophrys species. Intra-specific variation between the Korean and type (Chinese) populations was identical in the SSU rDNA, while the inter-specific variations between seven Diophrys species were 0.3-3.8% in the SSU rDNA and 12.6-18.2% in the CO1. In this study, we obtained 18S and CO1 data from species with identified morphology. As the importance of securing 18S and CO1 based on morphology increases in current studies, this study will contribute to ciliate studies.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.283-286
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• 2022

Bathynellacea is a stygobitic group that is commonly associated with subterranean habitats. Allobathynella Morimoto and Miura, 1957, which is a genus of parabathynellid Bathynellacea, has the widest range of distribution and is rich in species from the Korean peninsula among Korean Bathynellacea genera. The material of Allobathynella yecheonensis Park and Cho, 2016, was found in the type locality of interstitial groundwater in the Nakdonggang River in South Korea. In this study, we determined the sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) and nuclear 18S ribosomal DNA of A. yecheonensis and compared them with those of A. hongcheonensis, A. wonjuensis, and A. danyangensis. In addition, we provided photographs of A. yecheonensis and diagnosis including a note on morphological observations.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.188-193
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• 2022

Araeosoma owstoni Mortensen, 1904, a newly recorded sea urchin, was collected from the Korea Strait by trawling during a research expedition in April 2017. The specimen was damaged and was severely peeled off on the aboral side during trawling. However, a test and the surface of the oral side of the sample were well preserved, allowing us to successfully identify it. The species was distinguished by the large and flexible test, the tiny apical section, and the interambulacra width which is twice of the ambulacra. Pedicellaria tridentate and triphyllous were presents, but tetradactyle pedicellaria was absent due to severe peeling on the aboral side. Moreover, a length of 1,212 bp sequence from mitochondrial COI gene was obtained and this sequence covered the general DNA barcoding region. The mean of interspecific divergence within A. owstoni from Korea and other eight species of Araeosoma from the GenBank was 6.8%. This value indicated that our species was clearly distinguishable from the others. Thus, the first Araeosoma species occurring in South Korea is presented in this study.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2023

In 2022, during a survey of intertidal fauna around Jindo located in the Dadohaehaesang National Park in the South Sea, epizoic hydroids attaching onto seagrass (Zostera sp.) growing on soft sediments were collected. Through taxonomic examination, an unrecorded species, Ectopleura radiata, is newly added to the hydrozoan fauna of Korea. In addition, DNA barcoding for species from Ectopleura and Tubularia clarified the distinction among morphologically indistinguishable species without gonophores. Up to now, only one species, E. crocea, has been reported in Korea. Through this study, a total of two species belonging to genus Ectopleura have been reported in Korean waters so far.