• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.270-276
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• 1999

Ti-Ni-Cu alloy powders were fabricated by ball milling, and the properties of these powders were characterized. Mixed 50Ti-(50-x)Ni-xCu powders of 5 to 10at.%Cu composition were milled for 100 hours using SUS 1/4" balls in argon atmosphere. Ball to powder ratio was 20:1 and rotating speed was 100 rpm. Tensile strength, microstructure and phase transformation of ball milled Ti-(50-x)Ni-xCu powders were studied. After 100 hours milling, Ti, Ni and Cu elements were alloyed completely and an amorphous phase was formed. Amorphous phase was crystallized to martensite(B 19') and austenite(B2) after heat treatment for 1 hour at $850^{\circ}C$. As the Cu contents were increased, tensile strength of extruded 6061Al/TiNiCu was decreased, and B19'martensite phases In the TiNi particles were the causes of high tensile stress of extruded 6061Al/TiNiCu.NiCu.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.177-183
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• 1994

The ball-end milling process is widely used in the die/mold industries, and it is very suitable for the machining of free-from surfaces. However, cusps(or scallops) remaining at the machined part along the cutter paths require anothe finish process such as polishing or grinding. In this study, a high sped micro ball-end milling method has been suggested for the finish of free- form surfaces. A new tool path which makes the geometrical roughness of workpiece be constant through the machined surface has been developed. In the high speed machining of micro ball-end muling experimets, the developed tool paths have been successfully applied. And it was concluded that the surface roughness from this finish cuts of micro ball-end milling process was acceptable.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.129-135
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• 2003

Nanocrystalline powders of $MnFeP_{1-x}As_x$(x=0.45-0.6) have been synthesized by mechanochemical reaction at room temperature using high-energy ball milling from mixtures of Mn, Fe, P, and As Powders. It has been found that a mechanically induced self-propagating reaction (MSR) occurs within 2 hours of milling and it produces very fine polycrystalline powder having a hexagonal $Fe_2P$ structure. Further milling up to 24 hours did not change the crystalline and average particle sizes or the phase composition of the milling product. When x is 0.65, no reaction among the reactants has been observed even after 24 hours of milling. As the P content decreases in $MnFeP_{1-x}As_x$, the incubation time for the MSR has increased and the lattice constants in both a and c axes have changed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09b
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• pp.1264-1265
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• 2006

Study about the feasibility and effect of high-energy ball milling on a specific Mg alloy under protection medium of alcohol was presented via comparing with conventional vacuum milling. More fine particles with wider powder size distribution but more irregular shape were shown of the powder milled under alcohol. No obvious oxide was revealed from the two kinds of Mg alloy powders with limited milling time. And since slip induced in a preferential direction, the (002) texture was formed in the Mg alloy powders at the initial stage of alcohol milling. More O and Fe contaminants were introduced into the powders milled under alcohol according to the EDS analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.15-15
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• 1996

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.130-131
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• 2005

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.95-106
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• 2023

Quartz (SiO₂) is among the major rock-forming minerals in the earth's crust. The atomistic structures of SiO₂ may evolve during diverse frictional processes. The reduction of friction of quartz-rock accompanied by its amorphization, hydration, and formation of silica gel provides mineralogical insights into earthquakes and related phenomena. Ball milling, together with rotary shear experiments have been useful to infer the atomic origins of such processes. In this study, optimal experimental conditions for ball milling for amorphization of SiO₂ were determined by taking into account various process variables. The crystallinity of SiO₂ gradually decreased and became amorphous as the ball milling time increased at a high milling speed. The degree of wear of the milling media and its effect on the amorphization of SiO₂ were analyzed using distinct milling materials (zirconia, stainless steel). The amount of ball wear increased with increasing milling time. Furthermore, the worn stainless steel particles from balls tend to interact with amorphized SiO₂ to form Si-O-Cr. These results aid in understanding the process of atomistic structural changes caused by ball milling of divserse materials with relatively high hardness, such as SiO₂, and understanding various geological friction processes.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.462-469
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• 2021

Tin/graphite composites are prepared as anode materials for Li-ion batteries using a dry ball-milling process. The main experimental variables in this work are the ball milling time (0-8 h) and composition ratio (tin:graphite=5:95, 15:85, and 30:70 w/w) of graphite and tin powder. For comparison, a tin/graphite composite is prepared using wet ball milling. The morphology and structure of the different tin/graphite composites are investigated using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties of the samples are also examined. The optimal dry ball milling time for the uniform mixing of graphite and tin is 6 h in a graphite-30wt.%Sn sample. The electrode prepared from the composite that is dry-ball-milled for 6 h exhibits the best cycle performance (discharge capacity after 50^th cycle: 308 mAh/g and capacity retention: 46%). The discharge capacity after the 50^th cycle is approximately 112 mAh/g, higher than that when the electrode is composed of only graphite (196 mAh/g after 50^th cycle). This result indicates that it is possible to manufacture a tin/graphite composite anode material that can effectively buffer the volume change that occurs during cycling, even using a simple dry ball-milling process.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.210-219
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• 1998

The W-Cu composite powders were synthesized from W and Cu elemental powders by ball-milling process, and their microstructural changes and sintering behaviors were evaluated. The ball milling process was carried out in a 3-dimensional mixer (Turbula mixer) using zirconic ($ZrO_2$) ball and alumina ($Al_2O_3$) vial up to 300 hrs. The ball-milled W-Cu powders revealed nearly spherical shape. Microstructure of the composite powders showed onion-like structure which consists of W and Cu shells due to the moving characteristic of Turbula mixer. The W and Cu elements in the composite powders milled for 300 hrs were homogeneously distributed, and W grain size in the ball-milled powder was smaller than 0.5 $\mu\textrm{m}$. Fe impurity introduced during ball milling process was very low as of 0.001 wt%. The relative sintered density of ball-milled W-Cu specimens reached about 94% after sintering at $1100^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.104-107
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• 2011

In the present study, we systematically investigated the effect of mechanical milling on the magnetic properties of $Sm_2Fe_{17}N_x$ powders produced by the reduction-diffusion process. The Sm-Fe powders obtained by the reduction-diffusion process were composed of an $Sm_2Fe_{17}N_x$ single phase. After nitrogenation, the coercivity and saturation magnetization of the powders were 0.48 kOe and 13.32 kG, respectively. The particle size largely decreased down to less than $2\;{\mu}m$ in diameter after ball milling for 30 hours. However, there is no evidence that the $Sm_2Fe_{17}N_x$ was decomposed to Sm-N and ${\alpha}$-Fe even after ball milling for 30 hours. The coercivity was significantly improved up to 8.82 kOe after milling for 60 hours. However, the magnetization decreased linearly with the ball milling time.