• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2017

Hay-making is one of the most common forage preservation practices in livestock operations. The objective of hay-making is to minimize nutrient loss by shortening field drying time. Measuring the impacts of cutting height of forage crop is necessary to optimize hay production balancing yield and quality, in order to obtain substantial biomass increase through harvest of regrowth. This experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of cutting height of rye (Secale cereale L.) on drying rate and hay quality. Heading stage rye was harvested at 8cm or 15cm stubble heights. Hay was daily tedded at 09:00 and sampled at 09:00, 13:00 and 17:00 to determine moisture content (MC). After two month of preservation, CP (crude protein), ADF (acid detergent fiber), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), IVDMD (in vitro dry matter disappearance), TDN (total digestible nutrient), RFV (relative feed value), DM (dry matter) loss, visual scores and total fungi count were determined for estimation of hay quality. Cutting height at 15cm could enhance the drying rate and CP content (p<0.05), but also increases DM loss (p<0.05) compared to cutting at 8cm. Cutting heights did not affect ADF, NDF, IVDMD, TDN and RFV value (p>0.05). Visual scores of rye hays cutting at 8cm and 15cm, ranged from 83 to 85. Cutting at 8cm tended to maintain higher core bale temperature and fungal count than cutting at 15cm during preservation, but there was no significant difference.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to examine systems behavior of urban walking by analyzing a dynamic structure in Seoul, South Korea. Methods: As a systems thinking approach to urban walking and health promotion, we developed a Casual Loop Diagram based on literature review and expert consultation. The reviewed literature included: 1) qualitative studies that explores the experiences of urban walkers in Seoul; 2) a systematic review study on the built environmental factors related to walking; 3) policy research reports related to urban walking in Seoul. Results: The feedback structure for urban walking was related to the three urban environments (safety & walking environment, socioeconomic environment, and public transportation environment), and was characterized by a trade-off consisting of eight reinforcing loops and four balancing loops. Conclusions: The policies for a walkable city require multi-sectoral cooperation in order to change the causal loop structure related to the decline of walking. Therefore, it is necessary to establish legal and institutional conditions so that multi-sectoral and multidisciplinary approaches are possible.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 대학재정지원사업별 특성과 선정 절차 및 사업 관리 관점 등을 종합적으로 분석하는 방법과 대학재정지원사업 정보시스템의 통합 방안 도출을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 대학재정지원사업 재구조화 이전의 사업 운영 현황과 재구조화 이후의 현황을 각각 분석하여 사업별 특성과 공통점과 차이점을 파악하였다. 대학재정지원사업은 개별 사업들이 분절적으로 추진되고, 사업별로 평가 지표와 평가 방법이 달라 표준화가 어렵고, 통합 거버넌스의 부재로 정부 및 주관기관의 시스템 통합에 대한 공감대 및 의지를 찾아볼 수 없다. 대학재정지원사업 정보시스템 통합을 위해서는 사업 관리 프로세스를 통합 및 표준화하고, 사업비 비목 조정 등 제도적 장치를 보완하여야 하며, 시스템 통합 구축 예산을 안정적으로 확보하여야 한다.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

The finite volume based multi-block RANS code, WAVIS developed at MOERI is applied to the numerical self-propulsion test. WAVIS uses the cell-centered finite volume method for discretization of the governing equations. The realizable $k-{\epsilon}$ turbulence model with a wall function is employed for the turbulence closure. The free surface is captured with the two-phase level set method and body forces are used to model the effects of a propeller without resolving the detail blade flow. The propeller forces are obtained using an unsteady lifting surface method based on potential flow theory. The numerical procedure followed the self-propulsion model experiment based on the 1978 ITTC performance prediction method. The self-propulsion point is obtained iteratively through balancing the propeller thrust, the ship hull resistance and towing force that is correction for Reynolds number difference between the model and full scale. The unsteady lifting surface code is also iterated until the propeller induced velocity is converged in order to obtain the propeller force. The self-propulsion characteristics such as thrust deduction, wake fraction, propeller efficiency, and hull efficiency are compared with the experimental data of the practical container ship. The present paper shows that hybrid RANS and potential flow based numerical method is promising to predict the self-propulsion parameters of practical ships as a useful tool for the hull form and propeller design.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.497-504
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• 2018

본 논문은 웹 기반의 한방 전문가 시스템(Oriental Medical Expert System)에 대한 룰 기반 진단 프로세스를 제공하는 확장성, 가용성, 변경 가능성을 가진 시스템으로, 오픈 소스 Drools 기반으로 Spring MVC 프레임워크와 Ajax를 이용하여 구현하였다. 본 한방 전문가 시스템의 처리 프로세스는 일반 사용자가 웹으로 접근하여 설문을 작성한 후 기본적인 진단 및 평가를 제공하여 주는 서비스를 제공한다. 한방 전문가 시스템의 효율적인 운영을 위하여 클라이언트와 서버 간에 비동기적 통신으로 JSON 데이터를 주고받아 서버의 부담을 감소하였으며, 데이터베이스 접근은 기존의 복잡한 JDBC 단점을 보완하고자 Mybatis 프레임워크를 적용하여 RDBMS의 성능을 향상시켰다. 또한, 웹 기반의 장점을 최대한 활용하여 사용자 수가 늘어남에 따라 서버 트래픽 문제를 해결하기 위하여 Nginx를 이용한 로드밸런싱 구조를 구축하여 서비스의 가용성을 확대하였다. 연구 결과로 확장성 테스트를 통하여 서비스의 안정화에 대한 검증을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.702-713
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• 2019

Multilevel Inverters (MLIs) are widely used in medium voltage applications due to their various advantages. In addition, there are numerous types of MLIs for such applications. However, the diode-less 3-level (3L) T-type Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) MLI is the most advantageous due to its low conduction losses and high potential efficiency. The power circuit of a 3L T-type NPC is derived by the conventional two level inverter by a slight modification. In order to explore the MLI performance for various Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) schemes, this paper examines the operation of a 3L (five level line to line) T-type NPC MLI for various types of Multi-Carriers Pulse Width Modulation (MCPWM) schemes. These PWM schemes are compared in terms of their voltage profile, total harmonic distortion (THD) and conduction losses. In addition, a 3L T-type NPC MLI is also compared with the conventional NPC in terms of number of switches, clamping diodes, main diodes and capacitors. Moreover, the capacitor-balancing problem is also investigated using the Neutral Point Fluctuation (NPF) method with all of the MCPWM schemes. A 1kW 3L T-type NPC MLI is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and implemented experimentally and its performance is tested with a 1HP induction motor. The results indicate that the 3L T-type NPC MLI has better performance than conventional NPC MLIs.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2020

This study is designed to find out the role and relation of the Nemok-dori support members in order to clearly specify the structure of the Dapogye architecture which adopts the Nemok-dori. The dori at the eaves in the Dapogye architecture was expanded to include Oemok-dori, Jusim-dori and Nemok-dori in cooperation with the bracket. The Oemok-dori is used to lengthen the eaves and the Jusim-dori makes the reasonable transfer of loads while the Namok-dori contributes to the stability of the building through the balancing of the bracket. Nemok-dori is located higher than Oemok-dori or Jusim-dori, depending on the slope of Jangyeon and the distance of Chulmok. But as it is not directly supported by bracket or beam, it needs an independent support. The vertical support of Nemok-dori is selectively involved with Cheomcha, lower Jangyeo, support Wall and upper Jangyeo. As the time went by, the vertical height increased, thus making the omitted members less. The horizontal support of Nemok-dori is made in various ways. There are also special cases such as the Nemok-dori □ type chain structure for small rectangular buildings, the 'Nemok-dori = Jung-dori' type for the buildings having small sides and the 'Nemok-dori = Meongechangbang' type appearing on the lower part of the Bankanmulrim type middle height buildings. The horizontal support of Nemok-dori usually uses either the support of the Toeryang type member, the support of beam directed Hwaban or the support through overlaying of internal Jegong. As the time went by and the number and distance of Chulmok increased, the multiple support structures acted together rather than as one support structure. Nemok-dori got stabilized as it has both the vertical and horizontal supports and this support structure also has he role of decoration.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.304-313
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• 2020

조리개가 제 2거울에 있는 inverse Cassegrain 광학계에서 비축시야를 사용하면, 이 2반사경계는 넓은 시야를 가지는 대물광학계로 사용할 수 있다. 하지만 이 전통적인 회전대칭 구조의 반사경계는 설계변수의 수가 너무 적기 때문에 수차보정에 한계가 있다. 이 연구에서는 조리개와 제 2거울을 별도로 횡이동시켜 성능을 개선한 새로운 2반사 광학계를 설계하였다. 새로운 설계변수를 사용하여 5차 코마와 비점수차에 대한 보정이 개선되었으며, 시야 전체에서 보다 좋은 수차균형을 얻을 수 있었다. 새로 설계된 비축시야 2반사경계는 회전대칭 구조의 통상적인 2반사경계와 비교하여 spot의 크기가 1/2 수준으로 줄어들었으며, 개선의 효과가 시야 전체에 고르게 나타나고 있다.

• 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.60-71
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• 2017

스마트 폰, 스마트 TV, 스마트 패드 등의 스마트 디바이스는 최근 없어서는 안 될 필수적인 기기가 되었다. 인기가 많아지고 수요가 늘어감에 따라 스마트 디바이스의 성능 또한 점차 좋아져 교육, 비즈니스 등 많은 일을 처리하기 위해 번거로운 데스크탑 PC 대신 스마트 디바이스를 선택하는 사용자들이 늘어나고 있다. 그러나 성능이 좋아졌다해도 여전히 데스크탑 PC에 비해 부족한 성능을 지닌 스마트 디바이스는 제한된 자원으로 인해 고성능을 요구하는 어플리케이션을 실행하는데 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 논문에서는 스마트 디바이스의 자원 제한을 극복하기 위한 방법으로 주변 스마트 디바이스의 자원 활용 시 발생할 수 있는 문제점과 고려해야 할 사항에 대해 살펴보고, 스마트 디바이스의 특성을 적용한 작업 분배 알고리즘을 제안한다. 알고리즘을 검증하기 위해 안드로이드 플랫폼 내 분산 처리 시스템 서비스를 추가 후 알고리즘을 구현하였고, 스마트 디바이스에 탑재해 클러스터를 구성 후 다양한 실험을 진행했다. 실험 결과 분석을 통해 본 논문에서 제안하는 알고리즘은 노드 간 성능이 균일하지 않은 클러스터에서도 각 노드의 성능을 파악해 서로 다른 양의 작업을 분배함으로써 전체적인 분산 처리 성능이 효율적으로 향상된다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.438-450
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• 2024

Arabidopsis MORC1 (Microrchidia) is required for multiple levels of immunity. We identified 14 MORC1-interacting proteins (MIPs) via yeast two-hybrid screening, eight of which have confirmed or putative nuclear-associated functions. While a few MIP mutants displayed altered bacterial resistance, MIP13 was unusual. The MIP13 mutant was susceptible to Pseudomonas syringae, but when combined with morc1/2, it regained wild-type resistance; notably, morc1/2 is susceptible to the same pathogen. MIP13 encodes MED9, a mediator complex component that interfaces with RNA polymerase II and transcription factors. Expression analysis of defense genes PR1, PR2, and PR5 in response to avirulent P. syringae revealed that morc1/2 med9 expressed these genes in a slow but sustained manner, unlike its lower-order mutants. This expression pattern may explain the restored resistance and suggests that the interplay of MORC1/2 and MED9 might be important in curbing defense responses to maintain fitness. Indeed, repeated challenges with avirulent P. syringae triggered significant growth inhibition in morc1/2 med9, indicating that MED9 and MORC1 may play an important role in balancing defense and growth. Furthermore, the in planta interaction of MED9 and MORC1 occurred 24 h, not 6 h, post-infection, suggesting that the interaction functions late in the defense signaling. Our study reveals a complex interplay between MORC1 and MED9 in maintaining an optimal balance between defense and growth in Arabidopsis.