• 제목/요약/키워드: balance factor

검색결과 741건 처리시간 0.049초

헤어리스마우스 피부 국소에 적용된 $^{125}I-rhEGF$의 피부흡수 및 체내 분포 (Dermal Absorption and Body Distribution of $^{125}I-rhEGF$ in Hairless Mice)

  • 이정욱;정석재;이민화;심창구
    • 약학회지
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    • 제41권6호
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    • pp.737-748
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    • 1997
  • Distribution of rhEGF in the skin, plasma and several organ tissues following topical application of $^{125}I-rhEGF$ (0.4${\mu}$Ci) solution in 25% Pluronic F-127 on 154$mm^2$ normal and damaged (burned and stripped) skins of hairless mice was examined. The radioactivity in the stripped skin tissues increased as a function of time, and was 10-20 times higher than that in the normal and burned skins. The fractions of intact drug in the skin tissues were 40-60% for the normal and burned skins, and 60-80% for the stripped skin. It indicates that the stratum corneum layer behaves as a barrier for the dermal penetration of the drug. The radioactivity in the plasma was much higher for the stripped skin than for the normal and burned skins. However, the concentration of intact drug in the stripped skin was comparable to those in the normal and burned skins indicating most severe degradation (or metabolism) of the drug in the stripped skin. As a result, the fraction of intact drug in the plasma was lowest for the stripped skin (<10%). Body organ distribution of the drug was much higher for the stripped skin. The concentration in the stomach. Both in total radioactivity and intact drug, showed more than 10-times higher value than in the other organs (liver, kidney and spleen). The fraction of intact drug in each organ tissue was below 10-20%. And generally lowest for the stripped skin. The lowest fraction of the drug for the stripped skin could not be explained by the activity of the aminopeptidases in the skin since it was lower for the stripped skin than for the normal skin. Thereover, the fraction of intact drug appears to be determined by the balance between dermal uptake and systemic elimination of the drug, for example. The mechanism of dermal uptake of rhEGF was examined by topical applying 200${\mu}$l of 25% Pluronic F-127 solution containing 0.4 ${\mu}$Ci of $^{125}I-rhEGF$ and 0.14${\mu}$Ci of $^{14}C$-inulin (a marker of passive diffusion). The radioactivity of $^{125}I-rhEGF$ at each sampling time point (0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8hr) was correlated (p<0.05) with the corresponding radioactivity of $^{14}C$-inulin. It appears to indicate the rhEGF may be uptaken into the skins mainly by the passive diffusion. This hypothesis was supported by the constant specific binding of EGF to the skin homogenates regardless of the skin models. Receptor mediated endocytosis (RME) appears to contribute negligibly, if any, to the overall uptake process.

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Biological Control of Soil-borne Diseases with Antagonistic Bacteria

  • Kim, Byung-Ryun;Hahm, Soo-Sang;Han, Kwang-Seop;Kim, Jong-Tae;Park, In-Hee
    • 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국균학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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    • pp.25-25
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    • 2016
  • Biological control has many advantages as a disease control method, particularly when compared with pesticides. One of the most important benefits is that biological control is an environmental friendly method and does not introduce pollutants into the environment. Another great advantage of this method is its selectivity. Selectivity is the important factor regarding the balance of agricultural ecosystems because a great damage to non target species can lead to the restriction of natural enemies' populations. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of several different bacterial isolates on the efficacy of biological control of soil borne diseases. White rot caused by Sclerotium cepivorum was reported to be severe disease of garlic and chive. The antifungal bacteria Burkholderia pyrrocinia CAB08106-4 was tested in field bioassays for its ability to suppress white rot disease. In field tests, B. pyrrocinia CAB08106-4 isolates suppressed white rot in garlic and chive, with the average control efficacies of 69.6% and 58.9%, respectively. In addition, when a culture filtrate of B. pyrrocinia CAB08106-4 was sprayed onto wounded garlic bulbs after inoculation with a Penicillium hirstum spore suspension in a cold storage room ($-2^{\circ}C$), blue mold disease on garlic bulbs was suppressed, with a control efficacy of 79.2%. These results suggested that B. pyrrocinia CAB08106-4 isolates could be used as effective biological control agents against both soil-borne and post-harvest diseases of Liliaceae. Chinese cabbage clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae was found to be highly virulent in Chinese cabbage, turnips, and cabbage. In this study, the endophytic bacterium Flavobacterium hercynium EPB-C313, which was isolated from Chinese cabbage tissues, was investigated for its antimicrobial activity by inactivating resting spores and its control effects on clubroot disease using bioassays. The bacterial cells, culture solutions, and culture filtrates of F. hercynium EPB-C313 inactivated the resting spores of P. brassicae, with the control efficacies of 90.4%, 36.8%, and 26.0%, respectively. Complex treatments greatly enhanced the control efficacy by 63.7% in a field of 50% diseased plants by incorporating pellets containing organic matter and F. hercynium EPB-C313 in soil, drenching seedlings with a culture solution of F. hercynium EPB-C313, and drenching soil for 10 days after planting. Soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum was reported to be severe disease to Chinese cabbage in spring seasons. The antifungal bacterium, Bacillus sp. CAB12243-2 suppresses the soft rot disease on Chinese cabbage with 73.0% control efficacy in greenhouse assay. This isolate will increase the utilization of rhizobacteria species as biocontrol agents against soft rot disease of vegetable crops. Sclerotinia rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has been reported on lettuce during winter. An antifungal isolate of Pseudomonas corrugata CAB07024-3 was tested in field bioassays for its ability to suppress scleritinia rot. This antagonistic microorganism showed four-year average effects of 63.1% of the control in the same field. Furthermore, P. corrugata CAB07024-3 has a wide antifungal spectrum against plant pathogens, including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Sclerotium cepivorum, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Phytophotra capsici, and Pythium myriotylum.

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패스트 푸드의 외식행동(外食行動)에 관한 2차(次) 실태조사(實態調査) -여의도(汝矣島) 지역(地域)을 중심(中心)으로- (A Secondary Survey of Fast Food Dining out Behaviours -Focused on Youido Apartment Compound in Seoul-)

  • 모수미;전미정;백수경;이수경
    • 한국식생활문화학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.83-94
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    • 1989
  • A secondary survey was conducted of 503 customers, to investigate eating out behaviours at five fast food restaurants of Youido apartment compound in Seoul, in April of 1988. The results are summarized as follows: The majority, 84% of customers, were aged 14 to 30, consisting of junior and senior high school children, college students and company employees. In contrast to the previous survey of 1986, in which no elderly customers were found, a small number of elderly customers were observed in this study. The reasons given by customers for patronizing fast food restaurants were the following, from most to least frequent: 'convenient', 'allows for companionship', 'the pleasant place to eat', 'dining equipment and tableware are hygienic', 'to be able to stay as long as I want', and 'foods rapidly served'. Only 24.2% of the customers purchased the fast foods for a full meal, 38.3% purchased the foods for snacking, and others purchased ice cream only or drink only. The majority of the customers ate the purchased foods at the fast food restaurants. However, a limited number of female customers preferred to take the packed fast foods to their homes. Taste preference was a major factor in food selection from available menu items, among the younger customers; whereas customers over 30 years old were concerned with nutritive balance. Fried chicken, pizza, rolled rice with laver, ice cream, and juice were high on the list of liked foods; in contrast, lower preference was for fish burger, doughnut, spaghetti, Chajang noodles and chili beans. The survey discovered that the preference for fried chicken, pizza, and salad had increased compared to the previous survey of 1986. Preference by food nationality was highest for Korean food, then Western food, Chinese food, and Japanese food, in that order. Customers offered suggestions for better fast food service, such as lowering the price; greater variety in the menu; developing fast foods from the traditional Korean foods; and increasing the proportion of vegetables and fruits on the fast food menu. The customers, in particular, emphasized a need for the development of Korean traditional beverage of malt drink and persimmon punch, as well as mungbean pan cakes and sweet- spicy rice noodles (docbokki), as fast foods.

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노인을 대상으로 한 율동 운동 프로그램 실시 효과: 낙상 위험 요인과 관련하여 (Effect of Rhythmic Exercise Program to Elderly on Risk Factors of Fall Injury)

  • 이인숙;진영란;이동욱;김윤아;백경애
    • 지역사회간호학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.600-608
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    • 2001
  • Accidents are the fourth-leading causal factor of death among the elderly, and fall is a major type of accident (53.17%). Many cases of falls in the elderly result in delayed discovery and loss of quality of life. As the number of the elderly grows, falls will be a more important health problem. Most previous research on falls investigated prevalence. mortality, and the related factors. There are many studies proving the effect of rhythmic movements. But few researches considered linking risk factors of fall with rhythmic movements. Purpose: We want to show the changes after performing rhythmic movement program, in risk factors of falls and mobility such as flexibility, balance, muscle power and persistency in the elderly, in order to provide basic information needed for the development of fall injury prevention program for the elderly. Method: The design of this study is quasi-experimental, the equivalent control group, pretest-posttest. The subjects consist of 124 people who lived in Do-Bong-Qu. Seoul, agreed to participate in this study, and were able to follow this rhythmic movement program. About 93 % of them are from 65 to 84 years (Mean${\pm}$sd: $73.7{\pm}5.7$): 64% are female. The rhythmic movement program was designed. and performed by two community health nurses working in the Do-Bong-Gu Public Health Center, regularly twice a week from May, 4 to December, 17. in 10 senior citizens' community centers. Risk factors of fall were measured with RAFS- II (Risk Assessment for Falls Scale II) by asking about each item: mobility was measured by observing their specific movements asked by investigators. Results: 1. After performing the program during 7 months, risk factors score of falls were decreased significantly (paired-t = 4.77. p<0.01). 2. After performing the program during 7 months, flexibility (paired-t = 2.26. p=0.03) and mobility were improved (paired-t = 4.98. p<0.01). but muscle power and persistency did not change (paired-t = 0.33. p=0.74). Overall, mobility affecting the occurrence of falls was improved significantly (paired-t = 5.15. p<0.01). Conclusions: A regular rhythmic movement program can be helpful in preventing falls in the elderly. Further. we can develop a fall injury prevention program using rhythmic movement.

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(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate의 3T3-L1 세포에서 항산화 효소 활성 및 지방세포 분화 억제 효과 (Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Anti-Adipogenic Effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in 3T3-L1 Cells)

  • 김영화
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제46권11호
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    • pp.1293-1299
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    • 2017
  • Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)는 녹차에 함유된 flavonoid 계열 화합물로, 녹차의 대표적인 유효성분으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 3T3-L1 세포에서 EGCG의 항비만 작용 및 항산화 효소 활성을 평가하였다. EGCG는 지방세포 분화를 유의적으로 억제하였으며, 지방세포 분화와 관련된 단백질인 $C/EBP{\alpha}$와 aP2의 발현을 감소시켰다. 동시에 EGCG는 GSH의 활성을 유도하였으며, 항산화 효소인 SOD, CAT, GPx 및 GR의 활성을 증가시켰다. EGCG는 지방세포 분화 동안 활성산소종의 형성을 감소시켰다. 체내 phase II 효소인 HO-1과 GCLC는 EGCG에 의해 발현이 유도되었다. 따라서 EGCG는 3T3-L1 세포에서 항산화 효소의 활성화를 유도하며 동시에 지방세포로의 분화를 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, EGCG는 활성산소종의 생성을 억제하였으며, 이는 EGCG의 항산화 작용에 의한 지방세포 분화 억제 작용이 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. EGCG에 의한 항비만 효과와 항산화 작용을 연구한 본 연구는 녹차를 활용한 체지방 감소 효능을 지닌 식품 개발에 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

반복적인 모형마 운동에 따른 기수의 혈장 그렐린과 호르몬들의 관계 (The Relationship of Repeated Racehorse Simulator Exercise on Plasma Ghrelin and Hormons in Jockeys)

  • 장석암
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.1756-1762
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    • 2011
  • 이 연구 목적은 기수를 대상으로 공복 시 반복적인 모의 경주마 운동 시 그렐린과 관련 호르몬의 관계를 규명하고자 한다. 공복의 기수와 기수후보생들은 경마의 첫 번째 단거리 1000 m, 두 번째 중거리 1700 m 세 번째 장거리 2300 m의 반복적인 모의 경주마 운동 전과 직후 정맥혈을 채혈하여 그렐린, 렙틴, 인슐린, IGF-I과 코티졸을 분석하였다. 피어슨 상관관계에서 기수후보생이 3차 운동 후 글레린과 인슐린 농도가 r= .55를 나타내었다. 기수의 운동 전 글레린과 렙틴 농도가 r= .73으로 운동전 글레린 렙틴 수준이 통계적으로 유의성(p<.05) 있는 관계와 기수후보생이 글레린과 코티졸 농도에서 r= .64를 나타내었다. 글레린 렙틴 인슐린 IGF-1 농도는 운동전에 비교하여 통계적으로 유의성 없이 1차 운동 후 증가와 2차, 3차 감소, 경마기수와 후보생보도 통계적으로 유의성 없는 차이를 나타내었다. 경마기수에 비교 하여 후보생은 1차 2차, 3차 운동에서 통계적으로 유의성 있게 IGF-1는 낮게(p<.05) 코티졸 농도는 높게(p<.001) 나타내었다. 연구결과 반복적인 모의 경주마 운동으로 인한 에너지 소모 반응에서 기수후보생의 3차 운동에서 만이 글레린과 인슐린의 상관관계를 나타내었다.

순환운동과 전통적 운동이 만성 뇌졸중환자의 보행능력에 미치는 효과 (The Effect of the Circuit Exercise and Conventional Exercise on Walking Ability in Chronic Stroke)

  • 송우석;박민철;심제명
    • 대한물리의학회지
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.193-201
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    • 2010
  • Purpose : This study achieved to search the effect of the circuit exercise and conventional exercise on walking ability(walking speed, endurance, dynamic balance, speed, endurance and pedestrian crossing) in chronic stroke. Methods : Since is diagnosed by stroke, to 30 chronic stroke patients who more than 1 year past the 15 circuit exercise group, the 15 conventional exercise group random the circuit exercise group applied circuit exercise 3th 8 weeks each week after neurological treatment because assigning and the conventional exercise group executed round trip walk exercise in parallel bar 3th 8 weeks each week after neurological treatment. The data of 25 patients who complete experimental course were statistically analysed. Results : The results of this dissertation were as following : 1) There were significantly increased after experimental of 10 meter walk test, 6 minutes walk test and Timed "Up and Go" test in circuit exercise group (p<.001). 2) There were significantly increased after experimental of 2, 4 and 6 lane road crossing mobility in Walking circuit exercise group(p<.01). 3) There were significantly differences after experimental of 10 meter walk test, 6 minutes walk test and Timed "Up and Go" test change quantity between circuit exercise group and conventional exercise group(p<.05). 4) There were correlations were found between the TUG test and 2, 4 and 6 lane road (2 lane road; r=.463, p<.01., 4 lane road; r=515, p<.01., 6lane road; r=.710, p<.01), and there were correlations were found between the 10 meter walk test and 6 minutes walk test(r=.595, p<.01), TUG test(r=.662, p<.01) and 6 lane road(r=.527, p<.01). Conclusion : Even if improvement of walk function through training consists in room, transfer of actuality pedestrian crossing is no change outside the room. Because it is much variable of the weather, seasonal factor, temperature, pedestrian number, state of underneath etc. outside the room. Then, in room after direction promotion of walk function to be promotion of walk function in actuality life and need development of connectable training method consider.

LC-MS/MS를 이용한 수산물 중 니트로빈의 정량분석법 개발 및 검증 (Determination of Nitrovin in Fishery Products by Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry)

  • 김주혜;신다솜;강희승;정지윤;이규식
    • 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.118-123
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구에서는 우리나라 식품공전에서 불검출 물질로 관리하고 있는 니트로빈(nitrovin)에 대해 고감도 정량 정성분석이 가능한 LC-MS/MS를 적용하여 적합한 분석법을 제시하고자 하였다. 수산물 시료는 아세토니트릴/물로 추출하고 아세토니트릴 포화 헥산으로 지방을 제거하여 고상추출 카트리지를 적용하여 정제하였다. 분석물질은 전기분무이온화방법의 positive mode에서 이온화하여 MRM 조건을 확립하여 분석하였다. 개선된 시험법은 CODEX CAC/GL-71 가이드라인에 따라서 정확성, 정밀성, 직선성, 정량한계에 대한 검증을 통하여 유효성을 확인하였다. 본 실험에서의 정량한계는 0.001 mg/kg 수준이며, 정량한계를 포함하는 표준시료에서 얻어진 검량선의 상관계수($r^2$)는 0.985 이상으로 시험법의 직선성이 유효함을 판단할 수 있었다. 또한, 수산물(넙치, 장어 및 새우) 시료에 대한 니트로빈의 평균 회수율과 변동 계수는 72.1~122%, 2.9~16.9%로 확인되어 정확성 및 정밀성이 CODEX가이드라인에 부합하였다. 따라서, 개선된 니트로빈 정량분석법은 수산물 중 니트로빈을 분석하는데 적합하며, 니트로빈에 대한 지속적인 잔류실태조사에 활용되어 수산물 중 니트로빈의 안전관리에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

한국 전통가옥에서 느껴지는 감성 측정을 위한 대표 감성 분류 (Classification of Representative Emotions to Measure Emotions Expressed by Traditional Korean-style house)

  • 박은정;서종환;정상훈
    • 스마트미디어저널
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.43-50
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    • 2018
  • 한옥에 대한 대중의 관심은 최근 들어 가히 폭발적으로 증가하고 있다. 실제로 전주 한옥마을은 2년 연속 1천만 명의 관광객이 방문했을 만큼 큰 인기를 끌고 있다. 이에 따라 여러 지자체에서 한옥의 장점을 살려 관광 기반을 확대할 계획을 수립하고 있다. 관광객들의 요구사항을 충분히 반영한 한옥 체험으로까지 확산하려면 한옥을 체험하는 사용자에게 좀 더 감성적으로 풍성한 경험을 제공해 주는 것이 필요하다. 하지만 한옥을 경험하면서 사용자가 느껴지는 감성을 측정할 방안에 대한 연구는 부족한 상황이다. 이와 같은 문제점을 개선하기 위해 선행 연구를 통해 182개의 감성어휘를 수집하였으며 델파이 기법을 통해 33개로 그룹화하였다. 앞서 그룹화한 33개의 그룹마다 포함된 감성어휘 중에서 한옥의 특성을 중심으로 중복되는 개념의 감성어휘들을 다시 그룹화하고 가장 적합한 감성어휘를 추출하여 68개로 축약하였다. 또한 한옥을 체험한 경험이 있는 사용자 325명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하여 한옥에서 느껴지는 감성 측정을 위한 대표 감성 30개를 선정하였다. 마지막으로 30개의 대표 감성들을 토대로 요인분석을 한 결과, 각각의 요인에 포함된 감성어휘들의 공통적 특성을 반영하여 '심미감', '행복감', '신선감', '소유감', '균형감', '여유감' 등 총 6개의 요인으로 대표 감성을 분류하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 도출한 30개의 대표 감성과 6개의 감성 카테고리는 한옥을 체험하면서 사용자들이 느껴지는 감성 정도를 측정하는데 활용할 수 있다. 향후 연구에서는 한옥 지붕의 재료와 형태, 몸체 형태 등 다양한 용도를 대상으로 사용자가 느껴지는 감성 정도를 측정해보고자 한다.

순환여과식 양어장의 암모니아 제어를 위한 최적 수리학적 부하 (Optimal Hydraulic Loading for Ammonia Control in Water Recycling Fish Culture System)

  • 이석모;김도희;송교욱
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.176-180
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    • 1992
  • 어류를 고밀도 순환여과식으로 양식하는 담수양어장에서 암모니아를 제거하기 위하여 고정 생물막 질산화 반응으로 처리하는 잠수여상 장치를 사용할 때 최대의 양식밀도와 최적의 운전조건을 파악 할 목적으로 수리학적 부하율에 따른 암모니아 제거효율 실험을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 유입수의 암모니아 농도가 약 10mg/l(9.43-13.66mg/l)일 때 암모니아 제거율은 각각의 수리학적 부하가 0.028, 0.037, 0.056 및 $0.111m^3/m^2\;\cdot\;day$로 증가함에 따라서 76.24, 62.88, 39.09 및 $9.20\%$로 감소하였다. 이상의 실험 자료를 어류사육조내 암모니아 농도의 물질수지식으로 적용시킨 결과, 어류 사육조의 암모니아 농도를 10mg/l이하로 유지시키고자 할 경우, 양식 가능한 최대 양식밀도는 암모니아 생성량을 기준으로 1.52mg/min이었으며 이 조건에서 잠수여상 반응조의 최적의 수리학적 부하율은 $0.047m^3/m^2\;\cdot\;day$로 운전되어야 한다.

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