• International Journal of Quality Innovation
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.20-31
• /
• 2007

Moral hazard and adverse selection often exist in asymmetric information environment. In this paper, quality investment decision problem is studied under moral hazard. A basic model for quality investment level decision is developed with the supplier as a principal and the buyer as an agent. And then we regard the supplier and the buyer's rational limitations to set up a model when the buyer's quality evaluation and processing activities are hidden. The model is optimized and the results under different backgrounds are discussed and compared. Results show that the buyer's quality evaluation level and processing level are mostly influenced by the supplier's quality assurance payment. Both the supplier and the buyer choose different quality investment levels under moral hazard because of the supplier's payment to the buyer in case of internal failure and external failure.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.8 no.7
• /
• pp.2434-2448
• /
• 2014

This research proposed the domain division depth map quantization for multiview intermediate image generation using Depth Image-Based Rendering (DIBR). This technique used per-pixel depth quantization according to the percentage of depth bits assigned in domains of depth range. A comparative experiment was conducted to investigate the potential benefits of the proposed method against the linear depth quantization on DIBR multiview intermediate image generation. The experiment evaluated three quantization methods with computer-generated 3D scenes, which consisted of various scene complexities and backgrounds, under varying the depth resolution. The results showed that the proposed domain division depth quantization method outperformed the linear method on the 7- bit or lower depth map, especially in the scene with the large object.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.28-33
• /
• 2012

The visual sensing of human hands plays an important part in many man-machine interaction/interface systems. Most existing visionbased hand detection techniques depend on the color cues of human skin. The RGB color image from a vision sensor is often transformed to another color space as a preprocessing of hand detection because the color space transformation is assumed to increase the detection accuracy. However, the actual effect of color space transformation has not been well investigated in literature. This paper discusses a comparative evaluation of the pixel classification performance of hand skin detection in four widely used color spaces; RGB, YIQ, HSV, and normalized rgb. The experimental results indicate that using the normalized red-green color values is the most reliable under different backgrounds, lighting conditions, individuals, and hand postures. The nonlinear classification of pixel colors by the use of a multilayer neural network is also proposed to improve the detection accuracy.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
• /
• v.2 no.6
• /
• pp.36-42
• /
• 1997

This paper presents a new design technique for performing high quality low bit rate image compression. A hybrid coder(HC) which combines Mean Removed Important Coefficient Selection based JPEG(MR-ICS-JPEG) and Adaptive Vector Quantization (AVQ) is proposed. A new quantization table is developed using the Important Coefficient Selection(ICS) method; the importance of each coefficient is determined using the orthonormal property of the DCT. This quantization table is applied to standard JPEG with mean removal(MR) strategy before processing. This scheme, called MR-ICS-JPEG, produces more than 2 dB enhanced performance in terms of PSNR over standard JPEG. A set of homogeneous codebooks is generated by homogeneous training vectors. Before compression, an image is uniformly divided into 8${\times}$8 blocks. Low detail regions such as backgrounds are roughly coded by AVQ while high detail regions such as edges or curves are finely coded by the proposed MR-ICS-JPEG. This hybrid coder procuces consistently about 3 dB improved performance in terms of PSNR over standard JPEG.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.466-469
• /
• 2012

In this letter, we propose a dual autostereoscopic display platform employing a natural interaction method, which will be useful for sharing visual data with users. To provide 3D visualization of a model to users who collaborate with each other, a beamsplitter is used with a pair of autostereoscopic displays, providing a visual illusion of a floating 3D image. To interact with the virtual object, we track the user's hands with a depth camera. The gesture recognition technique we use operates without any initialization process, such as specific poses or gestures, and supports several commands to control virtual objects by gesture recognition. Experiment results show that our system performs well in visualizing 3D models in real-time and handling them under unconstrained conditions, such as complicated backgrounds or a user wearing short sleeves.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 1979

The study was undertaken in an effort to observe whether the level of performance difficulty may vary with the backgrounds of the nurses who are engaged in maternity care service. The business adaptability was measured by the degree of difficulty which was scored by the results of questionaire test. The test was performed during the period of September 11 to October 5, 1976. A total of 128 professional nurses have responded to this questionaire survey in relation to the maternity care such as 1) antenatal care, 2) labor and delivery care and 3) postpartum care. The results of the study are summarized as follows: 1. The adaptability scores to the maternity care were founded to be significantly affected by the duration of the total clinical career, maternity care career and nurses’age. 2. It could be observed that the adaptability scores to the maternity care were not substantialy affected by nurses’educational background, marital status and nurses’working area.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.3-12
• /
• 2023

The present study examines the impact of COVID-19 anxiety on employees' psychological resources and behaviors, drawing on the conservation of resources theory. We also investigate whether flexibility in work contexts has a meaningful effect on employees' responses to the pandemic. A total of 284 working adults participated in an online survey consisting of self-reporting questionnaires that assessed levels of COVID-19 anxiety, vigor, innovative work behavior, and flexible working arrangements. The results showed that the level of vigor mediated the positive relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and innovative work behavior, and the perceived level of flexible working arrangements moderated this mediation effect positively. The findings highlight the importance of considering employees' psychological resources and work arrangements in managing the negative impact of COVID-19-related anxiety. This study provides theoretical and practical implications for organizations to better understand the psychological processes that employees undergo during a crisis. Further research on diverse work settings and cultural backgrounds is needed to expand on the present findings.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.183-200
• /
• 1998

Widespread recognition of the various aspects of science education has been prompted by post-positivist philosophers' discussions of the nature of science and intense debates among constructivist psychologists about learning in science. Their discussions and debates, in turn, have raised the problems associated with teaching/learning of science in the schools. The purpose of this article, basically based on the reviews and analyses of the literature related to philosophy of science and psychology, was to describe the implications of post-positivism and constructivism for current science education in the schools. In this paper, the author defines science education as education of/about science, and education through/by science. He also stresses that scientific literacy and decision-making should be emphasized as the goals of science education, that the ethical dimensions of science and technology must be included in science curriculum, that group discussion and/or cooperative learning are effective teaching strategy for science as interpreted by post-positivists and constructivists, and that the assessment should be focused on the degree to which cognitive structure has been changed through instruction in the school classrooms.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.22 no.4 s.94
• /
• pp.447-457
• /
• 2006

In this study, a survey was conducted to analyze the preference and conditions of consumption. A survey of 299 housewives from Seoul and the metropolitan area analyzedthe preference and the conditions of consumption, the general backgrounds and the actual state of diet and health management. According to the survey on the preference of Codonopsis lanceolata, 52.8% answered a traditional market place as the place they most commonly purchased Codonopsis lanceolata. When purchasing Codonopsis lanceolata, 49.2% purchased unwashed. For the frequency of intake, 38.5% of the housewives surveyed answered 1-2 times per year and 38.5% perceived Codonopsis lanceolata a very healthy food. Among the subjects, 46.2% answered their spouse as the person who most likes Codonopsis lanceolata in the family. Regarding the question of why they preferred Codonopsis lanceolata, 39% answered because it was healthy., compared to 36.0% who answered high cost as the reason why they did not prefer Codonopsis lanceolata. Codonopsis lanceolata preference showed a notable difference according to age, average income, interest in health, and intake frequency (p<0.01).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.105-108
• /
• 2006

The 21 century has entered a stage of innovation with current globalization. The technical development of science has changed more rapidly than any other era and through this change, design will control the world. For this reason, I consider that researching Philippe Starck's - one of most active designers in the world- philosophies and traits of his work can be the key to understanding 21st century's design characters and main trends. Furthermore this research will also help to predict future design. Philippe Starck has diverse traits but this study would like to focus on his trait of Surrealism. First I have arranged all his design backgrounds including periodic circumstance which influenced his works. Secondly I researched and analyzed how his design philosophy has expressed his works. Phillppe Starck defines Surrealism as an expression of a dream and unconsciousness showing an indoor view and he expresses his characteristic wit and humor by presenting completely different and exceptional space from what people have usually seen.