• Title/Summary/Keyword: auditory acoustic

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Acoustic Cues in Spoken French for the Pronunciation Assessment Multimedia System (발음평가용 멀티미디어 시스템 구현을 위한 구어 프랑스어의 음향학적 단서)

  • Lee, Eun-Yung;Song, Mi-Young
    • Speech Sciences
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.185-200
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    • 2005
  • The objective of this study is to examine acoustic cues in spoken French for the assessment of pronunciation which is necessary to realization of the multimedia system. The corpus is composed of simple expressions which consist of the French phonological system include all phonemes. This experiment was made on 4 male and female French native speakers and on 20 Korean speakers, university students who had learned the French language more than two years. We analyzed the recorded data by using spectrograph and measured comparative features by the numerical values. First of all, we found the mean and the deviation of all phonemes, and then chose features which had high error frequency and great differences between French and Korean pronunciations. The selected data were simplified and compared among them. After we judged whether the problems of pronunciation in each Korean speaker were either the utterance mistake or the interference of mother tongue, in terms of articulatory and auditory aspects, we tried to find acoustic features as simplified as possible. From this experiment, we could extract acoustic cues for the construction of the French pronunciation training system.

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A Study on the Acoustic Characteristics of Sexy Voice (섹시한 음성의 음향학적 특징 연구)

  • Jeong Ok-Ran;Jo Sung-Mi
    • MALSORI
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    • no.57
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    • pp.73-84
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study was to explore the acoustic characteristics of sexy voice. In this study, we measured acoustic parameters (fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and nasalance) of a sustained vowel sound produced by 40 actors (20 males and 20 females) and 40 non-actors (20 males and 20 females). Digital audio recordings were made in the sustained vowel |a| for acoustic analyses using Praat (version 4.1.9) and Nasal View (version 4.5). Twenty voice pathologists participated in the listening experiment and judged the degree of sexiness on a 7-point scale. The results showed that fundamental frequency, shimmer and nasalance had significant differences between actors and non-actors. The acoustic parameters of sexy voice matched perceptual aspects of a previous study: Low fundamental frequency-low pitch and high shimmer-husky voice. On the other hand, the nasalance score did not match that of the previous study: Decreased nasalance had a higher score on sexiness scale judged by the listeners. It would be desirable to study the voice quality by analyzing and controlling more acoustic and auditory parameters for practical applications in the future.

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Auditory Evoked Skin Potential in Normal Subjects (정상 성인에서 청성유발 피부전위)

  • Heo, Seung-Deok;Jung, Dong-Keun;Suh, Duk-Joon;Kim, Gwang-Nyeon;Kim, Gi-Ryon;Kang, Myung-Koo;Kim, Lee-Suk
    • Speech Sciences
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.81-88
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    • 2005
  • Electrodermal activity(EDA) is a bio-electric signal which occurs at the skin surface during the sweating. EDA reflects the activity of the sympathetic axis of the autonomic nervous system. EDA is associated with the eccrine sweat gland at the palmar and plamar surface. This study was aimed to characterize the relationship between EDA and auditory stimulus intensities. Acoustic stimulus used in this study were 500 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz of narrow band noise, which were representative of speech frequencies in audible range. Stimulus intensity between 90 and 30 dB in 10 dB within dynamic range. After deriving the minimum stimulus intensity(threshold of skin potential) which elicited skin potential, and then the latency and amplitude were derived from waveform of skin potential, each latency and amplitude were compared to stimulus intensity. The waveform of skin potential were recorded stably, and the threshold of skin potential appeared nearly the hearing threshold level of the participant. The latency was decreased and the amplitude was increased according to the increase of the stimulus intensity. These results suggest that auditory evoked skin potential can be applicable to auditory assessment and audiological diagnosis tool.

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Development of Cone-Shaped Electrode for Promontory Stimulation Electrically Auditory Brainstem Response (와우 갑각 전기자극 뇌간유발반응용 원추형 전극의 개발)

  • Heo, Seung-Deok;Jung, Dong-Keun;Kang, Myung-Koo;Kim, Lee-Suk;Ko, Do-Heung
    • Speech Sciences
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.181-187
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    • 2003
  • This paper introduces a new zinc coated copper wire electrode with coiled cone shape which has low surface resistance and tolerance to the motion artifact for promontory stimulation electrically auditory brainstem responses (PSEABR). Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) can be used to predict hearing threshold level with a great deal of accuracy particularly for a young child who cannot cooperate mechanically and some hearing impaired who are exaggerating a hearing loss for economic compensation. While severe profound sensorineural hearing losses may not be implemented by auditory potentials, PSEABR is proven as a useful tool even for some sensorineural related hearing impaired. It was shown that PSEABR gives the electrical stimuli to promontory of the cochlear instead of giving acoustic stimuli. For this reason, PSEABR can be used as an alternative for cochlear implantation, and can also be used as an optimal device selection and neural information for MAP. It was found that the role of electrode is very important in PSEABR. Even though this cone-shaped electrode was applied in animal experiments, waveforms are well produced by PSEABR. Thus, it was concluded that cone-shaped electrode turned out to be a useful preoperative audiological evaluation tool in deciding time for cochlear implantation surgery.

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A Gap Prepulse with a Principal Stimulus Yields a Combined Auditory Late Response

  • Lee, Jae-Hun;Jung, Jae Yun;Park, Ilyong
    • Journal of Audiology & Otology
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.149-156
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    • 2020
  • Background and Objectives: The gap prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response has been used to screen tinnitus in an animal model. Here, we examined changes in the auditory late response under various conditions of gap prepulse inhibition. Subjects and Methods: We recruited 19 healthy adults (5 males, 14 females) and their auditory late responses were recorded after various stimuli with or without gap prepulsing. The N1 and P2 responses were selected for analysis. The gap prepulse inhibition was estimated to determine the optimal auditory late response in the gap prepulse paradigm. Results: We found that the gap per se generated a response that was very similar to the response elicited by sound stimuli. This critically affected the gap associated with the maximal inhibition of the stimulus response. Among the various gap-stimulus intervals (GSIs) between the gap and principal stimulus, the GSI of 150 ms maximally inhibited the response. However, after zero padding was used to minimize artifacts after a P2 response to a gap stimulus, the differences among the GSIs disappeared. Conclusions: Overall, the data suggest that both the prepulse inhibition and the gap per se should be considered when using the gap prepulse paradigm to assess tinnitus in humans.

A Gap Prepulse with a Principal Stimulus Yields a Combined Auditory Late Response

  • Lee, Jae-Hun;Jung, Jae Yun;Park, Ilyong
    • Korean Journal of Audiology
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.149-156
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    • 2020
  • Background and Objectives: The gap prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response has been used to screen tinnitus in an animal model. Here, we examined changes in the auditory late response under various conditions of gap prepulse inhibition. Subjects and Methods: We recruited 19 healthy adults (5 males, 14 females) and their auditory late responses were recorded after various stimuli with or without gap prepulsing. The N1 and P2 responses were selected for analysis. The gap prepulse inhibition was estimated to determine the optimal auditory late response in the gap prepulse paradigm. Results: We found that the gap per se generated a response that was very similar to the response elicited by sound stimuli. This critically affected the gap associated with the maximal inhibition of the stimulus response. Among the various gap-stimulus intervals (GSIs) between the gap and principal stimulus, the GSI of 150 ms maximally inhibited the response. However, after zero padding was used to minimize artifacts after a P2 response to a gap stimulus, the differences among the GSIs disappeared. Conclusions: Overall, the data suggest that both the prepulse inhibition and the gap per se should be considered when using the gap prepulse paradigm to assess tinnitus in humans.

A Study on Auditory Perception Characteristics of Directional Tonal Noise (방향성을 가진 회전체 소음의 청각계 인지 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Seo, Kang-Won;Kim, Eui-Youl;Kim, Sung-Ki
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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    • 2012.04a
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    • pp.348-353
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    • 2012
  • This paper presents the HRTF based experimental approach to figure out why the human auditory perception on the interior noise source including the directional tonal components does not well match with the dominant features extracted from recorded acoustic signals in terms of psycho-acoustics. Since the general objective evaluation models for tonalness among various sound attributes are a function of width, frequency, excessive level of tonal components respectively, the directional tonal components cannot be properly evaluated without considering the effects of head-related transfer function on the binaural auditory perception. Thus, the directivity of source is additionally considered to prevent the erroneous conclusions from the same sound source in the process of source identification. The signal synthesis technique is used to solve a little difficulty in measuring all of desired acoustic signals for jury evaluation. The sound attributes of synthetic acoustics signals are analyzed to roughly predict the results of jury evaluation in advance by using sound quality factors such as loudness, sharpness, roughness, fluctuation strength and tonality. The jury evaluation is carefully conducted based on the recommended guideline suggested by N. Ottoet al. Each sound is respectively evaluated by selecting a value between -2 and 2 in intervals of 0.2 point. Through above procedure, based on the results of jury evaluation, it is confirmed that serious problems can be caused in the process of analyzing the dominant sound attributes in terms of psycho-acoustics according to the type of a microphone and a playback system.

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Auditory-Perceptual and Acoustic Evaluation in Measuring Dysphonia Severity of Vocal Cord Paralysis (성대마비의 음성장애 측정을 위한 청지각적 및 음향학적 평가)

  • Kim, Geun-Hyo;Lee, Yeon-Woo;Park, Hee-June;Bae, In-Ho;Lee, Byung-Joo;Kwon, Soon-Bok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.106-111
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    • 2017
  • Background and Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the criterion-related concurrent validity of two standardized auditory-perceptual assessments and the Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI) for measuring dysphonia severity in patients with vocal cord paralysis (VCP). Materials and Methods : Total 210 patients with VCP and 236 normal voice subjects were asked to sustain the vowel [a:] and to read aloud the Korean text "Walk". A 2 second mid-vowel portion of the sustained vowel and two sentences (with 26 syllables) were recorded. And then voice samples were edited, concatenated, and analyzed according to Praat script. Two standardized auditory-perceptual assessment (GRBAS and CAPE-V) were performed by three raters. Results : The VCP group showed higher AVQI, Grade (G) and Overall Severity (OS) values than normal voice group. And the correlation among AVQI, G, and OS ranged from 0.904 to 0.926. In ROC curve analysis, cutoff values of AVQI, G, and OS were <3.79, <0.00, and <30.00, respectively, and the AUC of each analysis was over .89. Conclusion : AVQI and auditory evaluation can improve the early screening ability of VCP voice and help to establish effective diagnosis and treatment plan for VCP-related dysphonia.

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A Simulation Study on Improvements of Speech Processing Strategy of Cochlear Implants Using Adaptation Effect of Inner Hair Cell and Auditory Nerve Synapse (청각신경 시냅스의 적응 효과를 이용한 인공와우 어음처리 알고리즘의 개선에 대한 시뮬레이션 연구)

  • Kim, Jin-Ho;Kim, Kyung-Hwan
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.205-211
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    • 2007
  • A novel envelope extraction algorithm for speech processor of cochlear implants, called adaptation algorithm, was developed which is based on a adaptation effect of the inner hair cell(IHC)/auditory nerve(AN) synapse. We achieved acoustic simulation and hearing experiments with 12 normal hearing persons to compare this adaptation algorithm with existent standard envelope extraction method. The results shows that speech processing strategy using adaptation algorithm showed significant improvements in speech recognition rate under most channel/noise condition, compared to conventional strategy We verified that the proposed adaptation algorithm may yield better speech perception under considerable amount of noise, compared to the conventional speech processing strategy.

Double-String Model for Auditory Transduction of Drosophila

  • Lee, Woo Seok;Ahn, Kang-Hun;Lee, Jeongmi;Chung, Yun Doo;Mhatre, Natasha;Robert, Daniel
    • Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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    • v.73 no.9
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    • pp.1225-1229
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    • 2018
  • The Drosophila auditory system consists of four large basal segments: the arista, the funiculus, the pedicel, and the scape. When an acoustic stimulus is applied to the arista and the funiculus their mechanical vibrations are transmitted to chordotonal neurons in Johnston's organ where mechanoelectric transduction arises. We study the mechanotransduction mechanism in the Drosophila auditory system by using a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) and extracellular electrophysiology. We find that large and small peaks appear alternatively and that the antenna vibration is asymmetric depending on whether the pedicel and the scape are fixed. Interestingly, we find that this asymmetric vibration accompanies the alternating neural peak structure. Here, we propose a mathematical model to explain the alternating peak structure by using a model consisting of two opposing neurons that are modeled as strings. Generally, strings have tension only when they are elongated. This property allows the alternating neural peaks for asymmetric antenna motion.