• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제54권12호
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• pp.1024-1034
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• 2016

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the type and frequency of prosthetic complications associated with attachment types for implant overdenture. Material and methods. In this retrospective study, 38 patients (mean age, 63.5 years) have been treated with implant overdentures from 2007 to 2014. Ten patients received a bar-clip attachment. Eleven patients had received a milled bar with Locator attachment. Seventeen patients had received a Locator attachment. The mean follow-up period was 36.9 months (range, 15-83 months). The type and frequency of prosthetic complications was recorded. The frequency was analyzed to determine the statistical difference among the 3 different attachments by using one-way ANOVA (${\alpha}=.05$) and Bonferroni post hoc method at a 5% level of significance. Results. The total number of prosthetic complications was higher in the bar-clip attachment (55 events) than in the milled bar with Locator attachment (39 events) and the Locator attachment (34 events). There were no statistically significant differences, and the most common prosthetic complication was the loss of retention. In the bar-clip attachment group, the average frequency of prosthetic complications was 3.0 events per prosthesis during the first year. In the milled bar with Locator attachment and Locator attachment groups, the average frequencies were 1.45 events and 2.35 events, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed in the frequency of the complication. (p = .043) Conclusions. Compared to the bar-clip attachment, implant overdentures that use milled bars with the Locator attachment have a significantly lower incidence of prosthetic complications in the first year of follow-up after placement.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.125-138
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• 2002

The purpose of this research is to delineate the effects of the material adult attachment and affectionate child-rearing behavior on the social competence of a child. The levels of mother's education and income, as well as the maternal adult attachment and affectionate child-rearing behavior have been chosen for the analysis. The sample subjects selected for the research include 287 pairs of fifth/sixth grade students, their mothers, and eight of the classroom teachers, all from Kwangiu city. The major findings are as follows: First, in measuring the social competence score of a child and the maternal adult attachment, affectionate child-rearing behavior, the scores, in general, tend to be above the mean scores. Second, looking at the correlation between the mother's education/income level and affectionate child-rearing and the child's social competence level, the affectionate child-rearing and the social competence factors only show difference correlating to the mother's education, high school or higher, as opposed to the level of junior high and lower, the difference is significant. Third, the results of multiple regression analysis on the effects of the variables to the child's social competence indicates that affectionate child-rearing is the most significant contributing factor, followed by the mother's education, the close attachment factor, income, and the anxiety attachment factor, in that order All in all, the variables account for 18% of the child's social competence score.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.375-380
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• 2005

CF₄ molecular gas is used in most of semiconductor manufacture processing and SF/sub 6/ molecular gas is widely used in industrial of insulation field. but both of gases have defect in global warming. C₃F/sub 8/ gas has large attachment cross-section more than these gases, moreover GWP, life-time and price of C₃F/sub 8/ gas is lower than them, therefor it is important to calculate transport coefficients of C₃F/sub 8/ gas like electron drift velocity, ionization coefficient, attachment coefficient, effective ionization coefficient and critical E/N. The aim of this study is to get these transport coefficients for imformation of the insulation strength and efficiency of etching process. In this paper, we calculated the electron drift velocity (W) in pure C₃F/sub 8/ molecular gas over the range of E/N=0.1∼250 Td at the temperature was 300 K and gas pressure was 1 Torr by the Boltzmann equation method. The results of this paper can be important data to present characteristic of gas for plasma etching and insulation, specially critical E/N is a data to evaluate insulation strength of a gas.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.17
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• pp.628-631
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• 2004

A tetrafluoromethane$(CF_4)$ is most useful gas in plasma dry etching, because it has a electron attachment cross-section. therefor it is important to calculate transport coefficients like electron drift velocity, ionization coefficient, attachment coefficient, effective ionization coefficient. and critical E/N. The aim of this study is to get these transport coefficients for information of the insulation strength and efficiency of etching process. Electron transport coefficients in $CF_4+Ar$ gas mixture are simulated in range of E/N values from 1 to 250 [Td] at 300[K} and 1 [Torr] by using Boltzmann equation method. The results of this method can be important data to present characteristic of gas for plasma etching and insulation, specially critical E/N is a data to evaluate insulation strength of a gas. and is presented in this paper for various mixture ratios of $CF_4+Ar$ gas mixture.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.773-778
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• 2001

In this dissertation the results of the combined experimental and theoretical studies designed to understand and predict the spatial growth and transport coefficients for electrons in SF$_{6}$ and SF$_{6}$-Ar mixtures have described. The ionization and attachment coefficients in pure SF$_{6}$ and SF$_{6}$-Ar mixtures have been calculated over the range of 10$_{6}$ molecule and for Ar atom proposed by other authors. The transport coefficients for electrons in (0.2%)SF$_{6}$-Ar and (0.5%)SF$_{6}$-Ar mixtures were measured by time-of-flight method, and the electron energy distribution function and the parameters of the velocity and the diffusion were determined by the variation of the collision cross-sections with energy. The results obtained in this work will provide valuable information on the fundamental haviors of electrons in weakly ionized gases and the role of electron attachment in the choice of better gases and unitary gas dielectrics or electro negative components in dielectric gas mixtures. gas mixtures.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2021

As the climate changes rapidly due to warming, it is becoming very important to ensure the stability of environmental structures. It is necessary to choose a material that withstands repeated external forces (wind loads) and satisfies members and joints that have energy absorbing power. Even if the strength of the traffic light attachment is sufficient, if the rigidity is insufficient, there is a limit to the displacement during strong winds. Excessive deformation may cause damage and fall, resulting in a safety accident. The author intends to study mechanical properties and resistance to external environment as a structural material capable of withstanding wind load (50m/sec) by fabricating a C/GFRP composite traffic light attachment using the pultrusion method (Pultrusion).

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.42-46
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• 2003

Cell attachment and proliferation on the polymer films of triblock copolymer(ester-ether)s comprising po1y (L-1actide) (PLLA) and poly (oxyethylene-co-oxypropylene)(PN) were investigated using 3T3 fibroblasts. It was found that on the tissue culture polystyrene(TCPS) and the PLLA control film the cells could spread well while on the copolymer films the cells showed a rounded morphology without spreading and proliferated weakly. Especially, little cells proliferated on the films of copolymer having a LN composition of 20 wt%. While the water absorption of the copolymer films increased with increasing PN content, the contact angle against water of copolymer films immersed in aqueous medium was almost identical, being slightly lower than that of the PLLA film. These properties were compatible with the results of cell attachment. The in vitro hydrolysis of the films of triblock and multiblock type copolymers was faster with increasing PN content. The increased hydrolyzability, the flexibility and the decreased cell attachment suggested that these copolymers may have high potential as biodegradable materials for medical use.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2023

Purpose: The current study examined the retention and wear resistance of stud-type attachments made of high-performance polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) from the polyaryletherketones (PAEKs) family. Methods: The study sample included 10 PEEK or PEKK attachments that were mounted onto their male parts, designed on the upper aspect of the attachment, with a load of 30 N. Tensile stress was applied using an Instron machine to separate the male and female parts, and the maximum tensile stress to be applied was determined based on the retention force observed. The wear resistances of PEEK and PEKK were evaluated by measuring the inner diameter of the inserted female part 10 times. Results: The maximum tensile stresses of PEEK and PEKK were 56.26±0.58 and 69.12±0.92 N, respectively, with the maximum stress required to remove the PEKK specimens from the abutment being 12.86 N higher than that required to remove the PEEK specimens. Furthermore, PEKK exhibited higher wear resistance than PEEK. Conclusion: This study evaluated custom-made removable implant-retained attachment components for overdentures, wherein the female parts were made of PEEK or PEKK. The retention stress and wear resistance were evaluated based on the type of attachment material, and the results showed that both types of attachment inserts demonstrated clinically acceptable results in terms of retention.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2012

최근 건설 산업에서 FRP는 재료적 장점들 때문에 구조물의 보강 재료로서 많이 사용되어지고 있다. FRP 외부부착보강은 중량에 비하여 높은 강도 및 강성, 우수한 내구성과 시공성 등 여러 가지 장점을 가지는 공법이다. 그러나 외부부착보강은 구조물이 투수성이 낮은 보강재로 밀폐되고 수분이 외부로 배출되지 못함으로 인하여, 장기적인 구조물의 손상을 발생시키는 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 인발성형으로 제작되었으며, 기존의 FRP와 재료역학적 성질은 동등하면서 투수성을 지녀 구조물의 내구성, 부착성능에 유리한 유리섬유패널(GP)에 대해서 정적실험을 통해 실험체의 반복하중 하에서의 하중-처짐 선도, 파괴형태, 하중-변형율 관계 등을 조사하였다. 실험결과 2,000,000회 피로실험 후에도 파괴에 도달하지 않았으며, 보의 처짐이나 콘크리트 압축변형률이 기준 콘크리트 시험체보다 현저히 낮은 것으로 측정되어 장기 부착력 및 장기 내구성능이 우수함을 알수 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.269-274
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• 1998

In order to develop of support medla for bloom reactor, physicochemical properties and attachability of surface of activated carbon, clay mineral, non-clay mineral, and waste mold sand were enamined. Measured physicochemical properties of materials were surface roughness, mean particle size, surface area, hydrophobicity, and surface charge. At a tested materials, activated carbon was the best attachable material and microorganisms were attached $20.1{\times}10^7CFU/cm^2$ at surface, compared with diatomaceous earth which were attached of $9.2{\times}10^7CFU/cm^2$ in our research, surface area and hydrophobicity show- ed more Influence than any other factor on attachment of microorganisms.