• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.24 no.11
• /
• pp.1566-1573
• /
• 2014

Although most algae cultivation systems are operated in suspended culture, an attached growth system can offer several advantages over suspended systems. Algal cultivation becomes light-limited as the microalgal concentration increases in the suspended system; on the other hand, sunlight penetrates deeper and stronger in attached systems owing to the more transparent water. Such higher availability of sunlight makes it possible to operate a raceway pond deeper than usual, resulting in a higher areal productivity. The attached system achieved 2.8-times higher biomass productivity and total lipid productivity of $9.1g\;m^{-2}day^{-1}$ and $1.9g\;m^{-2}day^{-1}$, respectively, than the suspended system. Biomass productivity can be further increased by optimization of the culture conditions. Moreover, algal biomass harvesting and dewatering were made simpler and cheaper in attached systems, because mesh-type substrates with attached microalgae were easily removed from the culture and the remaining treated wastewater could be discharged directly. When the algal biomass was dewatered using natural sunlight, the palmitic acid (C16:0) content increased by 16% compared with the freeze-drying method. There was no great difference in other fatty acid composition. Therefore, the attached system for algal cultivation is a promising cultivation system for mass biodiesel production.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.35 no.10
• /
• pp.749-755
• /
• 2013

The purposes of this research are to know the optimal gab and electric pressure (voltage) of electrode-plates coated with activated carbon and also to study their arrangement through dust removal efficiency. From the experimental results of attached dust mass at different electrode-plate gab, the frequency of attachment and detachment of dust was more increased as electrode-plate gab was closer. In attached dust mass per unit area of electrode-plate, the farther electrode gab, the more increased. But in total attached dust mass, the closer electrode gab, the more removed. From the experimental results, the optimal electrode arrangement in dust removal chamber was considered that the forward parts of chamber need to be increased the number of electrode-plate, the backward parts to be increased them. The dust attachment have no relation with electric pressure while showing high removal efficiency under condition of 5 kV of voltage and 2 cm of electrode-plates gab.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.315.2-315
• /
• 2002

The vibrational system of this study consists of a cantilever pipe conveying fluid, the moving mass upon it and an attached tip mass. The equation of motion is derived by using Lagrange equation. The influences of the velocity of moving mass and the uniformly distributed tangential follower force have been studied on the dynamic behavior of a cantilever pipe by numerical method. While the moving mass moves upon the cantilever pipe, the velocity of fluid flow increase, the tip displacement of cantilever pipe conveying fluid is decreased. (omitted)

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.8 no.3 s.22
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2005

Pyrolysis-mass spectrometry has been used to characterize the 17 biological materials including bacteria and proteins. In this study, an in situ thermal-hydrolysis methylation(THM) procedure using tetramethylammonium hydroxide(TMAH) was employed. The biological materials are ionized using chemical ionization(CI) method with ethanol by ion trap mass spectrometer(ITMS), which attached with our own made pyrolyzer module, and then their pyrolysis mass spectra were obtained. The major distinct characteristic peaks were selected from all the range of mass spectra, and analyzed using principal component analysis(PCA) method to assess the classification/identification possibility of biological materials.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.659-676
• /
• 2008

The reports regarding the free vibration analysis of uniform beams carrying single or multiple spring-mass systems are plenty, however, among which, those with inertia effect of the helical spring(s) considered are limited. In this paper, by taking the mass of the helical spring into consideration, the stiffness and mass matrices of a spring-mass system and an equivalent mass that may be used to replace the effect of a spring-mass system are derived. By means of the last element stiffness and mass matrices, the natural frequencies and mode shapes for a uniform cantilever beam carrying any number of springmass systems (or loaded beam) are determined using the conventional finite element method (FEM). Similarly, by means of the last equivalent mass, the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the same loaded beam are also determined using the presented equivalent mass method (EMM), where the cantilever beam elastically mounted by a number of lumped masses is replaced by the same beam rigidly attached by the same number of equivalent masses. Good agreement between the numerical results of FEM and those of EMM and/or those of the existing literature confirms the reliability of the presented approaches.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.333-339
• /
• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the performance of heat recovery device attached to exhaust gas funnel connected to combustion chamber of greenhouse heating system. The experiment heat recovery system is mainly consisted of LPG combustion chamber and two heat recovery units; unit-A is attached directly to the exhaust gas funnel, and unit-B is connected with unit-A. Heat recovery performance was evaluated by estimating total energy amount by using enthalpy difference between two measurement points together with mass flow rate of gas and/or air passing through each heat recovery unit depending on 5 different flow rates controlled by voltage meter. The results of this experimental study, such as heat exchange behavior of supply air pipes and exhaust air passages crossing the pipes, pressure drop between inlet and outlet, heat recovery performance of exchange unit, etc., will be used as fundamental data for designing optimum heat recovery device to be used for fuel saving purpose by reducing heat loss amounts mostly wasted outside of greenhouse through funnels.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.216-219
• /
• 2005

In this study, we will explain the design, test results and analysis of system for measuring the small mass in the microgravity environment. It is so difficult to measure the mass by sensing the gravity as the ground in the microgravity environment. The suggested method is to measure the resonance frequency of a sample. The resonance frequency may be measured as a function of mass. If we know the resonance frequency of the mass, we can guess the mass by detecting the resonance frequency. Piezoelectric ceramics have the characteristics that resonance frequency is changed by total mass which are its mass and the attached mass. This system have some problems but we verified that we can measure the unknown mass using the resonance frequency as the mass.

• Coupled systems mechanics
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.235-254
• /
• 2016

A numerical model for fluid-structure interactions (abbr. FSI) is presented in the context of sloshing effects in movable, partially filled tanks to improve understanding of interactions between the fluid and the dynamics of a tank flexibly attached to a vehicle. The purpose of this model is to counteract the penalizing impact of the added mass effect on classical partitioned FSI coupling scheme: the proposed investigation is based on an added mass corrected version of the classical strongly coupled partitioned scheme presented in (Song et al. 2013). Results show that this corrected version systematically allows convergence to the coupled solution. In the rare cases where convergence is already obtained, the corrected version significantly reduces the number of iterations required. Finally, it is shown that the convergence limit imposed by added mass effect for the non-corrected coupling scheme, is directly dependent on the aspect ratio of the fluid domain and highly related to the precision order of the temporal discretization scheme.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.375-377
• /
• 2009

A 49-year-old woman presented with headache, vomiting and visual disturbance. Neurological examination revealed bitemporal hemianopsia with poor visual acuity. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a bulky intra-suprasellar mass, which was isointense with brain parenchyma on T1-weighted images, and slightly hyperintense on T2-weighted images. After gadolinium administration, the mass was homogeneously enhanced. The mass was partially removed by the endonasal transsphenoidal approach and then the remnant mass was totally removed by the transcranial approach five months later. We found a yellowish mass which was attached to the diaphragm sellae in operation field. Histopathological examination of the tumor revealed the characteristic features of a schwannoma. We report an unusual case of an intra-suprasellar schwannoma resembling a non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma both clinically and radiologically.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.376.2-376
• /
• 2002

In this study, the shape of suspension load beam for NFR(Near Field Recording) was proposed, which was designed using Topology optimization based on Homogenization method. Lens and Micro-mirror are attached to the end of the suspension load beam for collection and control the light, which increasing the system mass. Increment of the system mass cause to decrease the tracking stiffness mode frequency. (omitted)