• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.34-40
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• 2008

Purpose: We defined osteoarthritis of the knee as knee pain and crepitus in over 40 years old. The usual clinical manifestation include pain, stiffness, crepitus and loss of function. Methods: We studied 40 cases of the degenerative arthritis of knee clinically. The body mass index(BMI, weight(kg)/height($m^2$) was used as a measure of obesity. Pain self assessment scale by Million Index in according to age, occupation, BMI. Results: Gender by pain self assessment scale was 6.5 in male and 6.6 in female(P<0.05). The prevalence rates obese was 40%. Occupation by pain self assessment scale was 7.0 in Sitting and 5.7 in Standing(P<0.05). Prevalence was increased with age by pain self assessment scale in aged 40-69 years. Conclusion: It has been known that the obesity is one of the predispsing factors of the primary degenerative arthritis of knee. A flexion weight bearing view of the knee obtained at $30^{\circ}$ to $40^{\circ}$ of the joint flexion may be more sensitive in assessing damages to hyaline cartilage because the knee flexion is an important component of the stance phase.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.183-192
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop an assessment scale of the profile of kindergarten teachers. The subjects were 287 kindergarten teachers. Data were collected from June to September in 1997. Construct validity and reliability were analyzed using factor analysis and Cronbach Coefficient Alpha. Factors were extracted in the order of: characteristic traits, professional knowledge, specialized function, knowledge of liberal arts, cognizance of professionalism, and occupational consciousness. The Cronbach Coefficient Alpha of the selected 30-item assessment scale was .9068.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1011-1017
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• 2016

The purpose of our study was to determine the effect of Maitland orthopedic manual therapy, Silver Spike Point, dietary fiber and gymnastic exercise on the improvement of constipation. Forty patients with constipation participated in the study (Maitland Orthopedic Manual Therapy Group(n=10), Silver Spike Point Therapy Group(n=10), Dietary Fiber Group(n=10) and Gymnastics Exercise Group(n=10)). The assessment scale and weekly bowel frequency were measured before and after the experiment. Assessment scale was significantly increased in Silver Spike Point Therapy, Maitland orthopedic therapy, gymnastic exercise compare to dietary fiber. Weekly bowel frequency was significantly increased in gymnastic exercise compared to dietary fiber. The results of this study suggest that Silver Spike Point Therapy, Maitland orthopedic therapy, gymnastic exercise improve the symptom in patients with constipation.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 2007

In order to conduct the environmental assessment of long range transboundary air pollutants over East Asia, the moving pathways of air pollutants are of great importance, which are depending upon the meteorological weather patterns. Therefore regional scale modeling study requires the identified geopotential height distribution patterns to deal with behaviors of long range transport air pollutants for the effective long term atmospheric environmental assessment. In this study the synoptic meteorological classification using cluster analysis technique over Northeast Asia, and its previous applications of the regional scale air pollutant modeling studies were reviewed and summarized in detail. Other synoptic meteorological characteristics over Korean peninsula are also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.136-146
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• 1998

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effects of PTSD on memory function, to investigate the difference of memory function between PTSD and non-PTSD patients, and to identify major variables correlated to PTSD scale and Memory Assessment Scale. Methods: The authors used PTSD-scale(Mississippi scale and Combat Exposure Scale) for measuring PTSD severity. And, Beck Depression Inventory was also used. Memory assessment scale was assessed by well trained psychologist. Thirty one Vietnam veterans who had been hospitalized were collected consecutively. These patients were evaluated by psychiatrists with interview and measurement for fifteen months since March, 1997. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS and the stastistic methods used for analysis Chi-square, t-test, and Pearson's correlation. Results : 1) There were significant differences in short-term memory and verbal memory between PTSD and non-PTSD in Vietnam veterans. 2) Mississippi scale and Combat Exposure Scale were negatively correlated to short-term memory and verbal memory(Pearson's correlation). 3) Religion status was a significant variable between PTSD and non-PTSD in Vietnam veterans. 4) There is no significant difference in visual memory and total memory scale between PTSD and Non-PTSD in Vietnam veterans Conclusions : Neuropsychological changes were found in the posttraumatic stress disorder. There were significant differences in short-term memory and verbal memory between PTSD and non-PTSD in Vietnam veterans. Mississippi scale and Combat Exposure Scale were negatively correlated to short-term memory and verbal memory. We suggest that neuropsychological test might be used for an objective assessment of patients with the combat related PTSD and be considered helpful in the assessment of patients with the diagnosis. And we also suggest rehabilitation strategies would be used to compensate for memory deficits in PTSD patients.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2002

The diagnostic and prognostic methods for generating 3 dimensional wind field were comparatively analyzed and 4 dimensional data assimilation (FDDA) technique by incorporating Automatic Weather System (AWS) into the prognostic methods was discussed for the urban scale air quality model. The A WS covered the urban scale grid distance of 10.6 km and 4.3 km in South Korea and Kyong-in region, respectively. This is representing that AWS for FDDA could be fairly well accommodated in prognostic model with the meso${\gamma}$~ microa scale (~5 km), indicating that the 3 dimensional wind field by FDDA technique could be a useful interpretative tool in urban area for the atmospheric environmental impact assessment.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1 s.37
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• pp.60-65
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• 1999

We have conducted a study of the interobserver reliabilities of Modified Barthel Index and Motor Assessment Scale with 30 patients hospitalized with strokes in the department of circulatory internal medicine, Sang Ji University Oriental Hospital. The observations were performed by two staff and residents in the circulatory internal medicine department. Raters were assigned in random pairs to individual patients. Evaluations were performed independently by the two observers. In order to minimize the impact of fluctuations in the patients' clinical status, the second set of observations immediately followed the first. Each patient was used for only one pair of evaluations. The results were as follows. 1. Mean kappa value of 13 items in Modified Barthel Index(MBD was 0.742, which indicated excellent interobserver reliability. The kappa values indicated almost $perfect({\kappa}:\;0.81-1.00)$ for 4, substantial for $9({\kappa}:\;0.61-0.80)$, and moderate for $2({\kappa}:\;0.41-0.60)$ of 13 items. All items. except Grooming item, showed statistically significant interobserver agreement(p<0.01) 2. Mean kappa value of 8 items. except General tonus, in Motor Assessment Scale(MAS) was 0.823, which indicated excellent interobserver reliability. and this value of Motor Assessment Scale was more high than MBI' s value. 0.81. The kappa values indicated almost perfect for 5, substantial for 3 of 8 items. All items showed statistically significant interobserver agreement(P<0.01).

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

Purpose: The small-scale environmental impact assessment system in Korea was introduced and implemented in August 2000, but it has a problem that it cannot guarantee implementation due to the large proportion of qualitative reduction measures for each evaluation item. Therefore, when preparing a small-scale environmental impact assessment, research was conducted on how to improve the existing simple listing-type reduction measures and qualitative evaluation standards to quantitative reduction measures and evaluation standards reflecting regional characteristics. Research design, data and methodology: The small-scale environmental impact assessment system in Korea was introduced and implemented in August 2000, but it has a problem that it cannot guarantee implementation due to the large proportion of qualitative reduction measures for each evaluation item. Therefore, when preparing a small-scale environmental impact assessment, research was conducted on how to improve the existing simple listing-type reduction measures and qualitative evaluation standards to quantitative reduction measures and evaluation standards reflecting regional characteristics. Results: As a result of the analysis of qualitative and quantitative factors, the arithmetic sum of the qualitative factors of the total six projects is 160, accounting for 80% of the total number of reduction measures, and the quantitative factors are 40, accounting for 20%. Among them, the number of qualitative reduction measures reached 97.4% for animal and plant items, and more than 90% for air quality, noise and vibration, and eco-friendly resource circulation items. Conclusions: Therefore, it is necessary to avoid establishing qualitative reduction measures and set quantitative measures as the basis, but to specify the specifications, size, and installation location related to the reduction measures, and to calculate the numerical reduction efficiency.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.723-727
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• 2015

Building energy use estimation relies on building characteristics, its energy systems, occupants, and weather. Energy estimation of new buildings is considerably an easy task when compared to modeling existing buildings as they require calibration with actual data. Particularly, when energy estimation of existing building stock is warranted at a city-scale, the problem is exacerbated owing to lack of construction drawings and other engineering specifications. However, as collection of buildings and other infrastructure constitute cities, such predictions are a necessary component of developing and maintaining sustainable cities. This paper uses Artificial Neural Network techniques to predict electricity consumption for residential buildings situated in the City of Gainesville, Florida. With the use of 32,813 samples of data vectors that comprise of building floor area, built year, number of stories, and range of monthly energy consumption, this paper extends the prediction to environmental impact assessment of electricity usage at the urban-scale. Among others, one of the applications of the proposed model discussed in this paper is the study of urban scale Life Cycle Assessment, and other decisions related to creating sustainable cities.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.13-18
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• 2023

Purpose: The small-scale environmental impact assessment has been in operation since its implementation in August 2000, and is a system that meets the purpose of sustainable development in consideration of the environment in areas requiring conservation. However, when preparing a small environmental impact assessment report, the contents of the reduction measures are too qualitative, or reports are prepared to simply list the compliance stipulated by individual laws, and the contents of consultations prepared by consultative agencies and review agencies are not much different. In addition, the direction of consultation on development projects for similar locations of the same project type is frequently changed by reflecting the subjective judgment of the consultative officer of the Ministry of Environment (Environment Agency). Therefore, this study attempted to improve the establishment of measures to reduce the existing simple listing of qualitative contents and the inconsistent presentation of review opinions by consultative agencies and review agencies. Research design, data and methodology: The research method extracted absolute evaluation items and relative evaluation items among small environmental impact assessment items, analyzed and presented detailed items, and prepared a distribution table for each section according to the details of the relative evaluation items, and presented them as a table. Results: This study was conducted to derive uniform results with objective indicators in the preparation and consultation process of a small-scale environmental impact assessment. Conclusions: Once a quantitative evaluation is established, the consultant can objectively determine and process the environmental impact.