• 재활치료과학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2020

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 IOPI 조음 근력 강화 훈련 프로그램이 경직형 마비말장애 환자들의 조음기관(혀, 입술) 근력 상승, 조음 정확도, 조음 교대운동 속도, 규칙성 및 정확도 변화에 끼치는 효과에 대해 연구하고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 본 연구는 제주에 거주하는 경직형 마비말장애 환자 3명을 대상으로 제주 소재의 대학병원 언어치료실에서 기초선 단계, 7주간 주3회씩 1회기당 30분씩 중재를 한 후에 사후 평가를 실시하여 혀와 입술의 근력, SMST 조음선별검사 중 /ㄹ, ㅅ, ㅈ/ 조음 정확도, 조음 교대운동 속도, 규칙성 및 정확도 변화를 연구하는 단일대상연구를 실시하였다. 결과 : IOPI 조음 근력 강화 훈련 프로그램을 경직형 마비말장애 환자들에게 실시한 이후에 조음기관 근력, /ㄹ, ㅅ, ㅈ/ 조음동안 정조음 산출 수, 조음 교대운동 검사 결과 초당 /퍼/, /터/, /커/, /러/, /긍/, /아/, /퍼터커/ 산출 횟수의 증가와 조음 규칙성과 조음 규칙성 및 정확성에서 긍정적인 변화가 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구 결과, IOPI 조음 근력 강화 훈련 프로그램이 경직형 마비말장애 환자들의 조음 정확도, 조음 교대운동 속도, 규칙성 및 정확도 향상을 도모하였으며, 추후 IOPI를 다양한 하위 유형의 마비말장애 환자에게 실시하여 각 하위 유형 간 차이를 비교하고, 마비말장애의 가장 대표적인 뇌성마비 아동들에게 가정에서 IOPI를 활용한 조음기관 기능 훈련을 연계한 프로그램 적용 이후 조음 능력의 변화에 대해 연구한다면 매우 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 브로카 실어증 환자에 대한 멜로디 억양 치료(Melodic Intonation Therapy, MIT)에서 호흡훈련이 조음 명료도를 개선하는지를 평가했다. 실험군은 MIT에 선행하는 2단계 호흡 훈련을 받도록 했다. 중재 효과를 평가하기 위해, 피실험자의 폐쇄음의 폐쇄 길이(VOT), 단어 전체의 발화 길이(TD), 음성 강도 및 호기량을 중재 전과 후에 측정하여 비교 했다. 실험 결과 폐쇄음의 폐쇄 길이 및 단어 전체의 발화 길이는 양순음/p/, 치조음/t/, 연구개음/k/에서 증가했으나(p < 0.05) 파찰음/c/와 마찰음/s/은 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났다(p > 0.05). 반면 대조군에서는 폐쇄음의 폐쇄 길이 및 단어 전체의 발화 길이가 증가하지 않는 것으로 나타났다(p > 0.05). 조음 명료도에 영향을 주는 호기량과 음성 강도는 실험군에서 증가했으나(p < 0.01) 대조군에서는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 결론적으로, 브로카 실어증 환자의 MIT에서 호흡 훈련은 환자의 조음 명료도를 개선하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2012

Background and Objectives : Dysarthria refers to speech disorder that causes difficulties in speech communication due to paralysis, muscle weakening, and incoordination of speech muscle mechanism caused by damaged central or peripheral nerve system. Pitch, strength and speed are influenced by dysarthria during detonation due to difficulties in muscle control. As evaluation items, alternate motion rate and diadochokinesis have been commonly used, and articulation is also an important evaluation items. The purpose of this study is to find acoustic characteristics on sound production of dysarthria patients. Materials and Methods : Research subjects have been selected as 20 dysarthria patients and 20 subjects for control group, and voice sample was composed of bilabial, alveolar sound, and velar sound in diadochokinetic rate, while consonant articulation test was composed of bilabial plosive, alveolar plosive, velar plosive. Analysis items were composed of 1) speaking rate, energy, articulation time of diadochokinesis, 2) voice onset time (VOT), total duration (TD), vowel duration (VD), hold of plosives. Results and Conclusions : The number of diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria was smaller than control group. Both control group and dysarthria group was highly presented in the order of /t/>/p/>/k/. Minimum energy range per cycle during diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria group was smaller than control group, and presented statistical significance in /p/, /k/, /ptk/. Maximum energy range was larger than control group, and presented statistical significance in /t/, /ptk/. Articulation time, gap, total articulation time during diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria group was longer than control group and presented statistical significance. The articulation time was presented in both control group and dysarthria group in the order of /k/>/t/>/p/, while Gap was presented in the order of /p/>/t/>/k/ for control group and /p/>/k/>/t/ for dysarthria group. VOT, TD, VD regarding plosives of dysarthria group were longer than control group. Hold showed large deviation compared to control group that had appeared due to declined larynx and articulation organ motility.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2018

The purpose of the present study was to explore the radiological and acoustic characteristics of "Arae-a" (/${\cdot}$/) articulation in two male Jeju language speakers, focusing on selected measures in radiological images derived from computed tomography scans, as well as the first and the second formant measures in selected vowels. An elderly male speaker (a 78-year-old) and a young male speaker (a 34-year-old) participated in the study. During the production of four selected vowels, the shape of the vocal tract was identified, and selected measures were obtained from the elderly participant's computed tomography (CT) scans. For acoustic analysis, the participants were given a list of near-minimal pairs consisting of 112 words and asked to read them aloud. The results indicated that the "Arae-a" (/${\cdot}$/) articulation of the elderly speaker showed unique acoustic and radiological characteristics compared to other similar vowels, thus presenting substantial consistency with the descriptions of the "Hunminjeongeum Haeryebon." In contrast, the F1 and F2 measures of the young male's /${\cdot}$/ articulation were not distinguished from those of /ㅗ/. Current results, in part, support the scientific principles underlying the invention of "Arae-a," which reflects the shape of the vocal tract during production, and the necessity for further research.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2014

This paper investigated the effects of frequency band limitation on perceptual characteristics of Korean consonants. Monosyllabic speech (144 syllables of CV type, 56 syllables of VC type, 8 syllables of V type) produced by two announcers were low- and high-pass filtered with cutoff frequencies ranging from 300 to 5000 Hz. Six listeners with normal hearing performed perception test by types of filter and cutoff frequencies. We reported phoneme recognition rates and types of perception error of band-limited Korean consonants to examine how frequency distortion in the process of speech transmission affect listener's perception. The results showed that recognition rates varied with the following factors: position in a syllable, manner of articulation, place of articulation, and phonation types. Consonants in the final position were stronger to the frequency band limitation than those in the initial position. Fricatives and Affricates are stronger than stops. Fortis consonants were less stronger than their lenis or aspirated counterparts. Types of perception error also varied depending on such factors as consonant's place of articulation: In case of bilabial stops, they were perceived as alveolar stops with while in cases of alveolar and velar stops, there were changes in phonation types without any change in the place of articulation.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 1991

명료도시험은 실내에서 음성이 정확히 전달되는 정도를 정량화할 수 있는 유용한 건축음향의 지표중 하나이다. 많은 나라에서 이미 표준화하여 사용하고 있듯이, 한국어에 적합한 명료도시험의 기준이 1989년에 제안되었으며, 안정적인 배경소음조건에서 위의 시험방법은 그 타당성이 입증된 바 있다. 이 논문에서는 위의 제안된 명료도 시험방법이 변동하는 외부소음의 조건에서도 유용하게 적용될 수 있는지를 검증하고자 하였다. 소음레벨이 시간에 따라 변화하는 26개 교실에서 수행한 명료도시험과 음향측정에 의하여, 한국어 음원에 대하여 제안된 명료도시험 방법은 실내의 청취조건을 평가하는 유용한 수단이 될 수 있음이 밝혀졌다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2012

This research reports the prosodic characteristics (including articulation speech rate, pause characteristics, duration) of children with cochlear implants with reference to those of children with normal hearing. Subjects are 8-to 10-year-old children, balancing each number of gender as 24. Dialogue speech data are comprised of four types of sentence patterns. Results show that 1) there's a statistically meaningful difference on articulation speech rate between the two groups. 2) On pauses, they are not observed in exclamatory and declarative sentences in normal children. While imperative sentences show no statistical difference on the number of pauses between the two groups, interrogative sentences do. 3) Declarative, exclamatory, and interrogative sentences reveal statistical difference between the two groups in terms of the sentence's final two-syllable word duration, showing no difference on imperative sentences. 4) When it comes to the RFP (duration ratio of sentence final syllable to penultimate syllable), we no statistically meaningful difference between the two groups in all types of sentences exists. 5) Lastly, RWS (the ratio of sentence final two syllable word duration to that of whole sentence duration) shows statistical difference between two groups in imperative sentences, but not in all the rest types.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 1992

조음결합은 연결단어 음성인식에서 오인식을 발생시키는 주된 요인이다. 본 연구에서는 표준패턴의 접속 부분에서 선행단어의 영향을 받아 후속단어의 선두 부분하는 것을 고려해 조음결합 모델을 적용하여 후속단어에 변형을 주었다. 조음결합 모델은 임계제동형 선형 2차계를 이용하였으며 1단 DP매칭 인식 알고리즘에 이 모델을 조합하여 효과를 조사했다. 그 결과 화자 5명에 의한 4연 숫자음 35어의 인식 실험에서 조음결합 처리에 의한 인식율이 평균 4.7%개선 되었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1433-1436
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Doin Gigong Exercise program on flexibleness of articulation and mood status in elderly woman. This study was one group pre-post test desgian with repeated measures. The experimental group of 27 patients were selected through sampling from Haeundae-public health center. The subjects received Doin Gigong Exercise twice a week for 90 minutes for 12 weeks. To evaluate the effects of Doin Gigong Exercise, flexibleness of articulation and mood status in elderly woman were measured at before and 12 weeks after program, The pain of arthritis significantly decreased (p<0.05) after the exercise program. The values for shoulder flexibility (left: p<0.05) significantly increased after the exercise program. The values for left-right knee flexion and extension flexibility(left knee extention: p<0.05) significantly increased after the exercise program. The values for mood status significantly decreased (p<0.01), the values for self-confidence and self- benefit significantly increased(p<0.01) after the exercise program.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.140-148
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• 1999

The use of obturator is the prosthetic rehabilitation approach for restoration of the defected maxillary shape and function for the patients with palatal defect. The obturator can change the shape of vocal tract and nasality, but few reports on the effects of the change were presented. So, the authors performed the experimental study to compare the difference between the sizes of vowel triangles produced by maxillectomized patients before and after obturator-wearing and to consider how much improvement in speech intelligibility can be expected by obturator wearing. The 8 patients who were totally maxillectomized due to palatal cancer were participated as subjects. They produced 5 vowels(/a/, /i/, /u/, /e/, /o/) before and after obturator-wearing. The formants of the vowels were analyzed by the spectrogram of CSL, and their speech intelligibility were judged by normal 8 listeners. As results, the frequency of the first and the second formant showed no significant difference between the articulation before and after wearing, but the comparison of the sizes of vowel triangles, related with the speech intelligibility, showed significant difference. The vowel triangle of the articulation after wearing was larger than that of the articulation before wearing. /i/ showed the lowest speech intelligibility score among the vowel articulation before wearing. After wearing obturators, their scores increased on the whole, especially, in /a/, but the intelligibility of /u/ decreased after wearing.