• Journal of Ceramic Processing Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.59-62
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• 2019

Y2O3-MgO nanocomposites are promising materials for hypersonic infrared windows and domes due to their excellent midIR transmittance and mechanical properties. In this work, influence of SPS heating rate on the microstructure, IR transmittance, and mechanical properties of Y2O3-MgO nanocomposites was investigated. It was found that the average grain size decreases with a decreasing heating rate, which can be attributed to high defect concentration by rapid heating and deformation during densification. Also, the residual porosity decreases with a decreasing heating rate, which is ascribed to the enhancement of grain boundary diffusion by a large grain-boundary area (a small grain size). Consequently, high transmittance and hardness were attained by the low heating rate. On the other hand, the mechanical strength showed little difference with the heating rate change, which is somewhat different from the general knowledge on ceramics and will be discussed in this letter.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.667-669
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• 2007

This letter presents a smart integrated microfluidic device which can be applied to actively immobilize proteins on demand. The active component in the device is a temperature-controllable microelectrode array with a smart polymer film, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) which can be thermally switched between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states. It is integrated into a micro hot diaphragm having an integrated micro heater and temperature sensors on a 2-micrometer-thick silicon oxide/silicon nitride/silicon oxide (O/N/O) template. Only 36 mW is required to heat the large template area of 2 mm${\times}$16 mm to $40^{\circ}C$ within 1 second. To relay the stimulus-response activity to the microelectrode surface, the interface is modified with a smart polymer. For a model biomolecular affinity test, an anti-6-(2, 4-dinitrophenyl) aminohexanoic acid (DNP) antibody protein immobilization on the microelectrodes is demonstrated by fluorescence patterns.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.178-181
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• 2011

With the development of mobile devices and intelligent surveillance system loaded with pan/tilt cameras, object tracking with non-stationary cameras has become a topic with increasing importancy. Since it is difficult to model a background image in a non-stationary camera environment, colors and texture are the most important features in the tracking algorithm. However, colors in the background similar to those in the target arise instability in the tracking. Recently, we proposed a robust color based tracking algorithm that uses an area weighted centroid shift. In this letter, we update the model such that it becomes more stable against background colors. The proposed algorithm also incorporates time filtering by adding an additional energy term to the energy functional.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.16-23
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• 2011

This study was carried out to develop the printing Hanji made of mixed raw materials with mulberry bast fibers and alternative plant fibers such as bamboo, soybean stalks, pepper stalk and sea tangle. All alternative plant fibers were produced by the kraft pulping method with 2 stages of bleaching, and used to prepare the modified traditional paper, Hanji for printing purpose. Printing quality of modified Hanji was analyzed by measuring area and Formcircle of halftones and comparing a letter shape printed on paper. The Hanji made of 60% of mulberry bast fibers and 40% of bamboo bleached kraft pulp showed the best printing quality with the smallest area and the largest Formcircle in all modified Hanji. Through the image analysis of form circles of the letters printed on the Hanji, it could also be confirmed that the best printability of the modified Hanji was made using bamboo fibers.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.29-37
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to classify patients with chronic back pain according to the degree of their back pain, and to compare the pain dysfunction index with the qualitative changes in abdominal muscles. Therefore, we aimed to provide a basis for the treatment intervention method for patients with back pain. Methods: Twenty patients with chronic back pain were purposive sample to a group of 10 patients with a back pain index of 60 % or more and a group with less than 60 % of back pain, and the subjects who voluntarily participated in the study After receiving the letter, I conducted the research the dysfunction of back pain was measured by the Korean version of the Oswestry Disability Index (KODI), and the ultrasonic wave (Ultrasound MyLabOne, ESAOTE, Italy) And the white area index, and the abdominal muscle movement was used as the exercise instrument POWER breathe K5 (Hab direct, UK), which strengthens the respiratory muscles through threshold-muscle traction. Result: In this study, patients with chronic back pain were subjected to breathing exercises, which led to the decrease in back pain dysfunction. The ultrasonographic analysis of abdominal muscles revealed that both the white area index and muscle image density in the skeletal muscle and in the outer muscle of the abdomen gradually decreased over time. Conclusion: It is thought that introducing back pain patients to abdominal muscle reinforcement training is effective in improving the functions of the patients' muscles, thus increasing their quality of life.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.2 no.10
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• pp.1339-1348
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• 2001

This study is directed to compare the payment systems between conventional and internet, under international commerce. A stable and secure payment system is necessary for the progress of e-business through the internet. There are three typical methods of payment system in conventional transactions; the letter of credit(L/C) basis, the collection basis and the remittance basis. The exporter prefers L/C basis because of authentic payment, financial convenience and reduced risk Buyers and sellers who have enjoyed long creditable relationships use carefully the collection basis. The remittance basis is adequate for small amount payment for sample. In this paper, the merits and demerits of electronic payment system are compared to the conventional payment one. Internet payment system has an advantage of speed-up in payment against the conventional, but has a limited usage in the area of consumer based(B to C) transaction. The conventional payment system has been becoming overwhelm electronic payment one in the business to business(B to B) area.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.253-267
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• 2016

Everybody dreams of a bright future. A future career determines the direction and quality of an individual's life. Achieving positive career development is one of the most crucial tasks during adolescence. In both national and personal perspectives, the vocational identity of science-gifted students provides some important points to discuss. The purpose of this study is to examine the vocational identity of science-gifted students. Participants included 103 science-gifted students who have received an acceptance letter from a science-gifted school. The modified VISA (Vocational Identity Status Assessment) model was used to analyze the vocational identities of gifted students with 'a letter to myself in the future'. The study found that vocational identity status of the science-gifted students was determined as Foreclosed and Searching Moratorium. The science-gifted students demonstrated more Commitment than Exploration and Reconsideration. They also showed higher levels in Career Identification, In-Narrow Exploration, and Career Flexibility. In addition, they shared common orientations in vocational identity such as strong enthusiasm, challenging limits, and responsibility towards humanity. We expect that this study will contribute to the social interest of science-gifted students in the area of career education. In order for science-gifted students to nurture their full potential with a deeper awareness of education, follow-up studies have to be conducted to provide greater and ideal career education.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.134-145
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to present the functional and technical solutions for text learning of web-based textbook in which each letter has its own focal point. The solutions help learners not to lose the main focus when eye moves to the next letter or line. The text screen of the electronic textbook automatically scrolls the text to up and down or left and right directions which are preassigned by learner. It doesn't need the operation of mouse or keyboard. And learner can change scroll speed and types anytime during scrolling. Automatic text scroll function is a solution for controlling data and screen to reflect the personal favor and ability. It contains the content structure of the text(characteristics, categorizations etc.), the appearance of the text(density, size, font etc.), scroll options(scroll, speed etc.), program control type(ram resident program etc.), and the application of the screen design principles(legibility etc.). To resolve these functional problems, technical 8 phases are provided, which are environment setting, scroll option setting, copy, data analysis, scroll coding, centered focus coding, left and right focus coding, implementation. The learner can focus on text without dispersion because the text focal points stay in the fixed area of screen. 1bey read the text following their preferences for fonts, sizes, line spacing and so on.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.43-54
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• 2004

The appreciation of cultural properties related with what the aspects of society was is mandatory to understand our culture correctly. To make over all cultural properties to our descendants without breakage or damage is our natural duty and national obligation. On the contrary, inhabitants in the preserved area should be restricted and controlled by the cultural property law. The conflict between the inhabitants in the preserved area and the government raises economical problems and damages all the time. Especially it is time to discuss to mediate between them and solve the problems. This feasible study is a proposal to settle them up through renovating abolished school in the preserve area to the museum and a case to preserve the cultual properties as well as habitant's assets in that area.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.343-346
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• 2019

This letter describes a development of satellite-based forest withering index for detection of fire burn area and its application to the Goseong-Sokcho and Gangneung-Donghae wildfires in April 4, 2019. Withered forest has very different spectral characteristics from healthy forest. In particular, a false color composite of R-NIR-G represents such difference very clearly. Using Sentinel-2 images with the forest withering index, we derived the area burned by the wildfires: approximately 701.16 ha for Goseong-Sokcho and approximately 710.60 ha for Gangneung-Donghae, although official record will be announced by the Korean government later.