• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.7-16
• /
• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to look into the change of area and space organization percentage of wards in main general hospitals in Busan and Gyeongnam. Method : Patient area, nursing area, service area, training area, common area were classified for functional space organization. Patient area was reclassified to bedroom and comfort area, and common area was reclassified into vertical circulation, horizontal circulation and facility area. Also, method of area calculation was chosen standard to wall center-lines following building act 911 and functional space area of each hospital was estimated and comparatively analyzed. Result : For hospitals completed before 2000, area ratio by functional space for patient area, nursing area, service area and common area showed 53.6%, 10.2%, 0.8%, and 35.3% respectively. For hospitals completed after 2000, area ratio by functional space for patient area, nursing area, service space, and common area showed 49.2%, 12.6%, 1.1%, and 37.2% respectively. Implications : Through this study, change of percentage of space organization of main general hospitals in Busan Gyeongnam can be understood. Also because most studies on area organization of general hospital wards were focused on the capital area, this study provides basic material for future studies related to area of general hospital wards in Busan Gyeongnam.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.48-66
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to identify the attitude of ethical dilemmas (human life area. clients area. nursing practice area. and nurses-co-worker area) in hospital nurses. 169 nurses working in clinical setting were selected Inchon area. Data were gathered from 5. march to 30. 1998 by structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze the data. The results obtained from data were as follows. 1) In human life area mean score was 3.17. This area showed remarkerble individual differences between utilitarian and deontological position. 2) In clients area mean score was 3.99. It means that nurses tend to take a deontological position. 3) In nursing practice area mean score was 3.44. It means that nurses tend to take a slightly deontological position. 4) In nurses-co-worker area mean score was 3.84. It means that nurses tend to take a deontological position. 5) There were significant relationship between human life area & clients area. nursing practice area (P<.0l). nurses-eo-worker area (P<.05). There were significant relationship between client area & nursing practice area (P<.05). nurses-co-worker area (P<.01). There were significant relationship between nursing practice area & nurses-co-worker area (P<.01).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2018.10a
• /
• pp.265-265
• /
• 2018

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2011

This study proposes proportions of functional areas in the ward of general hospitals, which are derived from 5 big university hospitals in order to establish the ward area standard for hospital design. The results of this paper are as follows. First, functional areas of hospital ward are composed of bedroom area, nursing area, training area, service area, and common area. Of course common area can be divided into first common area and secondary common area. The first common area(inter departmental common area) includes lobbies, elevator lobbies, corridors, restroom, and mechanical shafts. The secondary common area means the common area within special department such as ward or radiology department. Second, a standard method of calculating ward areas has been proposed: the standard is based on the center line of the wall between functional areas. Third, the proportions of 6 functional areas in ward are suggested.

• Explosives and Blasting
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.16-24
• /
• 1998

Methods of Rock fragmentation are used rock of housing repair development at KU-SAN DONG area in seoul Youn-Pyong Ku. So, Theorical analyses of the effect of vibration and frequency on structural damage around old housed also discussed. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. A area(Rock area not more than 15m Ku-San Mention) Some Empirical equations were obtained $V=K\{{\frac{D}{W}}1/3\}^{-n}$ where the values for n and K are estimated to be -1.64 and 94 respectively, this values were obtained only theorical analyses. If we have 125g charge this area is impossible blasting operation, so this area must be worked by SRS(Super Rock Splitter) method. 2. B area(Rock area from 15m to 25m in a boundary line from Ku-San Mention) This area charge is about 125g in a delay time by some empirical equation s. So, this area can be blasting operations by small charge. 3. C area(Rock area from 25m to 35m in a boundary line from Ku-San Mention) This area charge is about 500g in delay time by some empirical equation s. So, this area can be blasting operations by middle charge. 4. D area(Rock area more then 35m in a boundary line from Ku-San Mention) This area charge is about 1000g in a delay time by some empirical equation s. So, this area can be blasting operations by middle charge.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
• /
• v.16 no.10 s.113
• /
• pp.791-794
• /
• 1978

The authors selected socio-geographically different sample areas. The dental caries on the deciduous teeth was observed and evaluated in each sample area. And then, dft rate, dft index, dt rate and ft rate were calculated and compared. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The dft rate of the deciduous teeth was 33.28% in the metropolitan area, 19.78% in city area, 18.21% in town area, 13.48% in field area, 15.26% in coastal area, 22.11% in mountain area, and 20.37% in hot spring area. 2. The dft index of the deciduous teeth was 4.51 in metropolitan area, 2.78 in city area, 2.59 in town area, 1.95 in field area, 2.30 in coastal area, 3.03 in mountain area, and 2.85 in hot spring area. 3. The dt rate of the deciduous teeth was 66.51% in metropolitan area, 95.38% in field area, 98.94% in hot spring area, and 100% in the other areas. 4. The ft rate of the deciduous teeth was 33.48% in metropolitan area, 4.61% in field area, 10.50% in hot spring area, and 0.00% in the other areas. 6. We could not find that the some dental cares for the dental caries on the deciduous teeth of Korean children were supplied in metropolitan area, and the track of dental cares was appreciated in the field area, but no trace was indentified in the coastal, mountain, city, and town areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.467-476
• /
• 2010

Purpose : This study was performed to understand the relationship between hand and mouth shapes using functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI). Methods : Two healthy volunteers without any previous history of physical or neurological illness were recruited. fMRI was done that volunteers was 6 repeated of natural mouth, close mouth and open mouth while power grip and pinch grip movement. Results : Cerebral cortex activation was not well observed for the natural mouth during the power grip exercise. For the closed mouth, the temporal lobe, Broca's area, the prefrontal area related to thinking and judgment, the supplementary motor area, the auditory area and Wernicke's area were activated. For the open mouth, cortical activation was also observed in the temporal lobe, Wernicke's area, the prefrontal area related to thinking and the orbital frontal area related to visual sense. During the pinch grip exercise, cortical activation was observed for the natural mouth in the primary sensory area, Wernicke's area, the primary and supplementary motor area, and the prefrontal area. For the closed mouth, cortical activation was observed in the temporal lobe, Wernicke's area, the prefrontal area related to thinking, the secondary visual area, the primary sensory area and the supplementary motor area. In the case of the open mouth, cortical activation was observed in a few parts in the temporal lobe as well as Wernicke's area, the prefrontal area related to thinking, and other areas related to visual sense such as the primary visual area, the secondary visual area and the visual association area. Conclusion : Brain was more activation for close mouth and open mouth more than natural mouth movement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2018.10a
• /
• pp.266-266
• /
• 2018

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 1999

This study is to analyze consumer's visiting fashion trade area. The purpose of this study, focused on Taegu fashion area, Dongsungro and Bum udong, consumer's spatical beravior, fashion- life-style, clothing purchasing type and Store- Image, etc. This study targeted 580 women aged from 15 to 25 visiting fashion trade area. The methods of measuring include consumer behavior scale, fashion life style scale, clothing purchasing type scale and Stor - Image scale. In process of statistics, the frequency was used to measure consumer's spatical behavior, MANOVA to measure, fashion life style and $\chi^2$ examination was employed to measure clothing purchasing type. The followings are the conclusions of this study ; 1. consumer's spatical behavior by FTA(fashion trade area) : Most people visiting Dongsungro A trade area and Bum udong trade area depart home, while Dongsungro B trade area from school. In case of Bum udong trade area, in particular, more people move from other trade area than people do in Dongsungro trade area. 2. Consumer spatical behavior means by FTA : Bus is far most common transportation. 3. The purpose of visit by FTA : Most people visit Dongsungro B trade area for shopping, while Bum udong trade area for shopping and as a place for appointment. 4. The visiting frequency by FTA : In case of both Dongsungro A.B trade area and Bum udong trade area, at least once a week is most common. Particularly in case of Bum udong trade area, the number of people visiting once every three months and once more than six months is almost same. 5. A company by FTA : People accompanied by the same sex friends are most common in Both Dongsungro A, B trade area and Bum udong trade area in case of Dongsungro B trade area. There is no case of people accompanied by family. 6. The purpose of purchasing fashion comodities by FTA : In case of Dongsungro A trade area for recreation. In case of Dongsungro B trade area and Bum udong trade area, because of affordable price. 7. A Brand - pursued tendency by FTA : Much higher in Dongsungro trade area than Bum udong trade area, among consumers. A character - pursued tendency by FTA : Higher in Dongsungro A than Dongsungro B,A practical tendency and symphatetic tendency Higher in Dongsungro B than Dongsungro A or Bum udong trade area. 8. A Store - Image scale by FTA : The quality of goods is more important to consumers in Dongsungro B than to consumers in Dongsungro A. The data - service and atmosphere are much more important to consumers in Dongsungro B than to consumers in Dongsungro A and Bum udong trade area. The convenience is more important to consumers in Dongsungro B Bum udong trade area than to consumers in Dongsungro A. 9. There is no significant difference among clothing purchasing types by FTA.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.377-384
• /
• 2013

Experimental fishing was carried out to compare and analyze catch characteristics of shrimp beam trawl in a fishing area and a non-fishing area during the period of fishing season and off-fishing season in the coastal waters of Geoje. A commercial fishing boat (4.99 tons) was used for the test fishing. The amount of total catches were 14,654g in the fishing area and 12,359g in the non-fishing area, shrimp catches of non-fishing area were much greater than that of the fishing area during the period of off-fishing season (June and August). However, total catches were 27,670g in the fishing area and 33,004g in the non-fishing area, shrimp catches of fishing area were bigger than that of non-fishing area during the period of fishing season (October and December). On the results of the study, catches characteristics between fishing area and non-fishing area showed the reversed results for the period of fishing season and off-fishing season.