• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2007

Under ubiquitous environment, applications can gather and utilize various sensing information. There are many issues such as energy management, protocol standardization, independency on sensor fields, and security to be resolved for the complete ubiquitous computing. Especially, the independent information access in the sensor field is one of the most important issues to maximize the usability of sensors in various sensor fields. However, existing frameworks are not suitable for the ubiquitous computing environment because of data heterogeneity between data elements in sensor fields. Existing applications are dependent to sensor fields and sensors in the existing ubiquitous computing on environment is dependent to the application in the sensor field. In other word, an application can utilize just information from a specific sensor field. To overcome this restriction, many issues from a hardware or software view must be resolved. In this paper, we provide the design and implementation of the Metadata Registry-based framework (UbiMDR) of the Ubiquitous environment. This framework can provides the semantic interoperability among ubiquitous applications or various sensor fields. In addition, we describe comparison evaluation between conventional Ubiquitous computing framework and UbiMDR framework with data accuracy of interoperability.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.101-107
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate service design cases by online service companies and suggests framework to understand service design of them. Background: Recently, exploratory service design cases by online service companies such as Google, Apple, and NHN has been developed. Service design and online service experience design has been booming among user experience professionals but these two areas are not clearly defined. It is interesting to study the definition and key factors of service design and online service experience design. Moreover, investigating service design cases by online service companies is needed. Method: Due to diversification of service design cases by online service companies, this study has reviewed online resources and literatures about top 5 online service companies in USA and Korea. Furthermore, this study used expert interview who worked for service design at NHN. To understand the attributes of service design cases, this study developed 3 types of service design classifications scheme such as service design as extension of online service, space design and event service design. Finally, this study suggested a new framework for service design cases. Results: This study investigated service design cases by online service companies and suggests key issues and frameworks to uncover service design for online service. Conclusion: Service design cases for online service was analyzed by $2^*2$ matrix(extension, $enrichment^*product$, service) to explain characteristics and attributes. NHN's Knowledge-iN bookshelf at NHN library1 is a unique form of service design as a tool of enrichment of online experience. Application: The results of this study might help to understand service design cases and plan new service design for online service companies with structured framework.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.13A no.1 s.98
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• pp.71-78
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• 2006

For using XML data in programming languages, there is a data binding method, which generates classes from XML type definitions. However, since existing binding frameworks for this method generate all classes for element definitions, the number of generated classes becomes large and the complexity of the overall application system gets high. In this research, we propose an inline binding method for selecting necessary classes from element definitions. In the proposed method, classes are created only for elements with repetitions and recursions, and they include fields for values of terminal elements. We introduce a generation algorithm for binding classes and the marshaling methods for recovering the omitted paths. We develop IBinder system to validate the proposed method and compare the generated codes with the ones of existing systems. As a result, we carl show that the number of generated classes decrease substantially compared to other systems.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.409-413
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• 2012

Purpose: Rehabilitative devices are used to enhance sensorimotor training protocols, for improvement of motor function in the hemiplegic limb of patients who have suffered a stroke. Sensorimotor integration feedback systems, included with these devices, are very good therapeutic frameworks. We applied this approach using electrical stimulation in stroke patients and examined whether a functional electric stimulation-assisted biofeedback therapy system could improve function of the upper extremity in chronic hemiplegia. Methods: A prototype biofeedback system was used by six subjects to perform a set of tasks with their affected upper extremity during a 30-minute session for 20 consecutive working days. When needed for a grasping or releasing movement of objects, the functional electrical stimulation (FES) stimulated the wrist and finger flexor or extensor and assisted the patients in grasping or releasing the objects. Kinematic data provided by the biofeedback system were acquired. In addition, clinical performance scales and activity of daily living skills were evaluated before and after application of a prototype biofeedback system. Results: Our findings revealed statistically significant gradual improvement in patients with stroke, in terms of kinematic and clinical performance during the treatment sessions, in terms of manual function test and the Purdue pegboard. However, no significant difference of the motor activity log was found. Conclusion: Hemiplegic upper extremity function of a small group of patients with chronic hemiparesis was improved through two weeks of training using the FES-assisted biofeedback system. Further research into the use of biofeedback systems for long-term clinical improvement will be needed.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.21-41
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• 2005

An Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework is a tool which supports implementation of the Enterprise architecture that is used to enhance the interoperability of the IT components. In this paper, we propose a framework named as ENAE (ENterprise Architecture Framework) which combines enterprise architecture unit (AU), reference model, and association relationship between domain model. Architecture Unit is defined as a minimum set of a business process and its associated components such as application system and technical components. An EA can be designed and implemented by the aggregating the related AUs including association relationship between Architecture Units. Because UML model has limitations to describe business domain semantics because it is designed for general purpose, we adapt the DSM (Domain Specific Modeling) concept. We describe association relationship between Architecture Units designed by Domain Specific Modeling through Topic Map. Session 2 describes related works about Enterprise Architecture frameworks, Domain Specific Modeling, and Topic Map, while Session 3 explains components of the ENAF. Finally Session 4 shows the case study for implementation of the new Framework called ENAF.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.99-110
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• 2018

This study empirically examines simple methodology to quantify the risk resulted from the uncertainty of bunker price and foreign exchange rate, which cause main resources of the cost in shipping industry during the periods between $1^{st}$ of January 2010 and $31^{st}$ of January 2018. To shed light on the risk measurement in cash flows we tested GBM(Geometric Brownian Motion) frameworks such as the model with conditional heteroskedasticity and jump diffusion process. The main contribution based on empirical results are summarized as following three: first, the risk analysis, which is dependent on a single variable such as freight yield, is extended to analyze the effects of multiple factors such as bunker price and exchange rate return volatility. Second, at the individual firm level, the need for risk management in bunker price and exchange rate is presented as cash flow. Finally, based on the scale of the risk presented by the analysis results, the shipping companies are required that there is a need to consider what is appropriate as a means of risk management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.742-747
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• 2005

As the complexity of Web applications have increased significantly, the approach using frameworks such as Cocoon, Struts, JSF, is being suggested to develop Web applications more Quickly and efficiently. However, it Is difficult for beginners to write Apache Cocoon Sitemap files in XML. We implement a Cocoon Sitemap editor on the Java Servlet engine that allows beginners to write Cocoon Sitemap files more easily. Our system consists of three parts: Sitemap Main editor, Pipeline Viewer, and Sitemap Tracer. Sitemap Main editor support users to write BML configuration documents, so-called Sitemap file, that defines all the components pipelines, generators, and other configuration information for a Cocoon application. pipeline Viewer support users to catch the structure of Cocoon component pipelines by the medium of graphical interface. Sitemap Tracer have features to monitor of SAX events through Cocoon pipelines in a Sitemap file.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.4 s.111
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• pp.71-78
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is the practical application of landscape ecological indices to establishment of eco-village planning methodology. Planning an eco-village has to be carried out in the boundary of a small watershed that is defined by homogeneous ecological character. Because the small watershed is a landscape unit it can have unique ecological character. On this viewpoint, the spatial structure is analyzed by the ecological attributes of form, distribution arrangement and composition of the sub-landscape units. Among all of the sub-landscape units, a green tract of land is the main subject of the analyzing entity. Woodland or forest as a green tract of land is a source of biological species and materials. Therefore the ecological attributes of green patches are especially analyzed by landscape ecological indices. The selected landscape ecological indices are elongation, lobes, interior area ratio, convolution of perimeter and proximity of the green patches. These indices represent the state of ecological conditions and they will be the evaluation factors of the landscape ecological planning. These frameworks for landscape ecological planning apply to Obok and Ganggeum villages in Wanju-gun, Korea. A proposed planning was evaluated by the selected landscape ecological indices. Among the selected landscape ecological indices of green patches, perimeter convolution and proximity were increased. It means that the ecological condition of peen paches will be mon sound and green areas of the village will be expanded naturally. In addition to this connectivities among green patches will also be improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.10
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• pp.85-97
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• 2009

This study aims at applying Photoshop functions to digital make-up(DM) for aging effect based upon the knowledge of phrenology, comparing the result with that of the real or off-line make-up(OM) and identifying any possible difference between two methods: which contributes to understanding the potential and problems of DM at application level. This study aims at suggesting a method to apply computer graphics(CGs) to special effect make-up for aging effect through a case, contributing to attracting academic concerns and building theoretical frameworks for DM. It used 'Aging Process' in Adobe Photoshop CS4 Extended(CS4E) to change a young girl into a senior lady. In the process of DM, the study applies various tools and methods to making face wrinkled, finds the most effective way among them for each area of face, suggests a method to integrate the ways and shows the result of the method. Compared with OM, DM using CS4E is the less constrained work regarding procedure and time. Specifically, it can save the time tremendously because the reiterative operation of work can be omitted, when the same work is repeated, using 'Action' function which memorizes the history of the work. Once a DM work is produced, since it is durable, reusable and convertible to various images with additional operations, it seems very economical as well as highly promising to market the work through on-line sales. Regarding face features and skin, it reviewed literature in make-up and phrenology while it used Photoshop CS4 Extended tools to demonstrate a case of aging effect by combining and painting pictures of a young lady and a senior citizen.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.19-49
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• 2011

The multifarious array of benefits to the e-Government systems research, from evaluative frameworks and conceptual models to guidelines for initiatives, adoption, and assimilation, evidences the requirement, both from the researcher's and the practitioner's standpoint, of sound theoretical foundations that can be applied directly in practice. Grounded upon structuration theory, this paper proposes a framework for e-Government systems assimilation through the structuration of its organizational factors. Upon this proposition, we map the factors of e-Government systems assimilation with the organizational meta-structures of signification, domination and legitimization. The framework is then tested for the case of one particular e-Government systems of Korean government. The juxtaposition of the theoretical position and the practical findings leads us to isolate the organizational, technological, and inter-organizational factors that shape the meta-structures for the assimilation of e-Government systems. This framework offers interesting possibilities to researchers in exploring the relationships and insights into the complex interactions that shape the relationships among government, people and technology. Thus, the paper's contribution lies on three axes: first, the furthering of a theoretical perspective of e-Government systems assimilation; second, a detailed exposition of the structuration theory and an illustration of its application to the issues of e-Government systems assimilation in the organizational context; and finally, developed framework through the isolation of a usable set of theoretically grounded factors affecting e-Government systems assimilation that can be applied in future research and practice.