• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.397-401
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• 2008

Changes in the contents of total phenolic compounds in as Agrimonia pilosa well as their antioxidant capacity according to the havest time and positions were examined. The contents of the total phenolic compounds were determined by extraction with MeOH. Among havest times harvestry in July showed highest contents of the total phenolic compounds and harvestry in May showed lowest contents of the phenolic compounds. Among the 4 positions (root, branch, leaf, flower) of Agrimonia pilosa the root contained highest contents of the phenolic compounds. The antioxidant capacities of Agrimonia pilosa were increased roughly with increasing level of contents of phenolic compounds according to positions.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2005

Phytochemical study on the EtOAc fraction from a MeOH extract of the leaves of Alnus hirsuta Rupr. led to the isolation of nine compounds betulin (1), betulinic acid (2), hirsutanonol (3), hirsutenone (4), quercetin (5), avicularin (6), gallic acid (7), hyperin (8), and daucosterol (9). Among them, six compounds 1, 2, 57, and 9 are report from this plant for the first time. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging capacity and inhibition effect on mitochondrial lipid peroxidation. Six phenolic compounds 3-8 were found to have potent antioxidant activity. Of which, compounds 3, 4 and 5 showed significant free radical scavenging activity with the $IC_{50}$ values of $18.3\;{\pm}\;2.5,\;15.7\;{\pm}\;3.8\;and\;23.5\;{\pm}\;3.1\;{\mu}m$, respectively. In addition, the compounds 3-8 exhibited inhibition effect on the mitochondrial lipid peroxidation with the $IC_{50}$ values of $88.0\;{\pm}\;6.5,\;12.6\;{\pm}\;1.2,\;8.0 \;{\pm}\;1.1,\;58.5\;{\pm}\;4.3,\;173.6\;{\pm}\;15.2,\;and\;75.0\; {\pm}\; 6.7\;{\mu}m$, respectively.

• 생약학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.303-308
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• 2015

Ten phenolic compounds were isolated from the twigs of Stewartia pseudocamellia. The isolated compounds were identified as 5,7,3',5'-tetrahydroxyflavanone (1), 3,5,7,3',5'-pentahydroxyflavanone (2), quercetin (3), (+)-aromadendrin (4), (+)-ampelopsin (5), myricetin (6), (+)-catechin (7), (-)-epicatechin (8), kaempferol (9), and fraxin (10) by spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 9 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The antioxidant activities of compounds 1-10 were evaluated by the DPPH and/or ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) assay. Compounds 3, 5-9 showed significant antioxidative effects on DPPH assay. Among the active compounds, 6 exhibited higher activity compared to trolox on ORAC assay.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권11호
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• pp.1493-1501
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• 2012

꾸지 뽕나무(C. tricuspidata)의 휘발성 향기추출물의 항산화활성을 2 가지의 시험방법을 이용하여 측정하였다. 그리고 꾸지 뽕나무의 향기추출물에서 동정된 10종의 휘발성 향기성분에 대한 항산화활성도 측정하였다. 꾸지 뽕나무의 줄기 및 뿌리 향기추출물들은 2가지 실험법에서 모두 뚜렷하게 처리농도에 비례하여 항산화활성을 나타내었다. 즉 aldehyde/carboxylic acid assay에서 $500{\mu}g/mL$의 농도로 처리하였을 때, 줄기와 뿌리의 향기추출물은 각각 $77.02{\pm}8.12%$와 $74.19{\pm}6.82%$의 항산화활성을 나타내었으며, lipid/malonaldehyde assay에서 $160{\mu}g/mL$의 농도로 처리하였을 때, 줄기 및 뿌리의 향기추출물은 각각 $61.43{\pm}2.11$ 및 $76.17{\pm}4.25%$의 항산화활성을 나타내었다. 꾸지 뽕나무의 향기추출물에서 동정된 향기성분들은 7종의 terpenes and terpenoides, 14종의 alkyl compounds, 11종의 nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds, 3종의 oxygen containing heterocyclic compounds, 12종의 aromatic compounds, 9종의 lactones와 7종의 miscellaneous compounds였다. 꾸지 뽕나무의 향기추출물에서 동정된 향기성분들 중에서 eugenol, isoeugenol 및 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenol은 lipid/malonaldehyde assay에서 $160{\mu}g/mL$의 농도로 처리하였을 때, 각각 $91.74{\pm}1.33$, $94.00{\pm}0.59$ 및 $91.22{\pm}4.74%$의 항산화활성을 나타내었다. 이는 동일한 방법에서 BHT와 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol의 항산화활성이 각각 $91.90{\pm}0.42%$와 $89.47{\pm}3.04%$인 것과 비슷한 수준이었다. 한편 동일한 처리농도에서 vanillin과 2-acetylpyrrole은 각각 $63.36{\pm}5.83$과 $58.62{\pm}6.83%$로서 중간 정도의 항산화활성을 나타내었다. 따라서 꾸지 뽕나무는 산화적 손상으로 인한 질병의 예방과 사람들의 건강에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.670-678
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• 2017

Persimmon seeds contain considerable amounts of minerals, amino and organic acids, natural antioxidants and phenolic compounds. The objective of this study was to investigate quality characteristics and antioxidant potential of Korean persimmon seeds. The pH (4.88-4.94), color values, contents of minerals, free amino acids, organic acids, and phenolic compounds and DPPH free radical scavenging potentials of persimmon seed extracts significantly (p < 0.05) varied with the genotypes. This study showed that the seeds could be used as a source of different mineral elements (47.14-85.07 mg/kg) without any measureable amount of heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury. Similarly, considerable amounts of organic (1550.13-2413.08 mg/kg) and essential amino (50.85-54.03 mg/kg) acids and total phenolic compounds ($1227.91-1307.78{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalent/g) were also found in the seed extracts, indicating their potential food value as a natural antioxidant. Results of the present study imply that prethanol-A, a food preservative, can be used as an effective extraction to obtain the minerals, organic and free amino acids, and phenolic compounds from the persimmon seeds, which possess a big potential to be commercially used in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.981-987
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• 2007

Effects of lignan compounds (sesamol, sesamin, and sesamolin) extracted from roasted sesame oil on the autoxidation at $60^{\circ}C$ for 7 days and thermal oxidation at $180^{\circ}C$ for 10 hr of sunflower oil were studied by determining conjugated dienoic acid (CDA) contents, p-anisidine values (PAV), and fatty acid composition. Contents of lignan compounds during the oxidations were also monitored. ${\alpha}$-Tocopherol was used as a reference antioxidant. Addition of lignan compounds decreased CDA contents and PAY of the oils during oxidation at $60^{\circ}C$ or heating at $180^{\circ}C$, which indicated that sesame oil lignans lowered the autoxidation and thermal oxidation of sunflower oil. Sesamol was the most effective in decreasing CDA formation and hydroperoxide decomposition in the auto- and thermo-oxidation of oil, and its antioxidant activity was significantly higher than that of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Sesamol, sesamin, and sesamolin added to sunflower oil were degraded during the oxidations of oils, with the fastest degradation of sesamol. Degradation of sesamin and sesamolin during the oxidations of the oil were lower than that of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. The results strongly indicate that the oxidative stability of sunflower oil can be improved by the addition of sesamol, sesamin, or sesamolin extracted from roasted sesame oil.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.846-849
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• 2008

This study employed high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to an on-line $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging detection (RSD) system along with HPLC-electro spin impact/mass spectrometry (ESI/MS), to rapidly determine and identify antioxidant compounds occurring in blueberry extract. The extract was separated by HPLC, and then the radical scavenging activities of the separated compounds were evaluated by the on-line coupled $ABTS^+$-RSD system. The negative peaks of the $ABTS^+$-RSD system, which indicates the presence of antioxidant activity, were monitored by measuring the decrease in absorbance at 734 nm. The active components in the blueberry extract were identified by HPLC-ESI/MS using their MS spectra and retention times. According to the data acquired from the on-line HPLC-$ABTS^+$-based assay and HPLC-ESI/MS systems, the antioxidant compounds detected in the blueberry extract were identified as chlorogenic acid and 11 anthocyanins.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.234-239
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• 2021

Masclura tricuspidata, also called as Cudrania tricuspidata, is one of the most common Moraceae family plants in East Asia. Its trivial name follows mulberry due to the similar morphology. Investigation of the bioactive constituents of M. tricuspidata leaves yielded a new xanthone derivative along with twenty known compounds through various chromatographic techniques. A new compound was defined as mascluraxanthone (3), a prenylated xanthone glucoside on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR and MS data. Twenty known compounds were identified as four xanthone derivatives (1-2 and 4-5), two flavans (6-7), six flavanol derivatives (8-13), a flavonone (14) and seven flavonol derivatives (15-21). Among the isolated compounds, flavanol and flavonoid derivatives with 3',4'-OH groups showed antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities. Conclusively, the leaves of M. tricuspidata are rich in aromatic compounds including xanthones and flavonoids. In addition, these constituents showed antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase potentials, which might be useful for oxidative stress related diseases.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제66권
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• pp.144-152
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• 2023

Two different extraction methods were used to evaluate the medical value of common rue, Ruta graveolens L. (RGL). The results of our 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid assays indicated that the antioxidant activity of RGL essential oil extract obtained through steam distillation was very low, whereas ethanol (EtOH) extracts of RGL showed higher antioxidant activity. RGL essential oil was extracted by steam distillation and characterized by GC/MS analysis. Furthermore, EtOH extracts of RGL were obtained under reflux and analyzed by HPLC/PDA. The GC/MS results indicated that the ketone compounds 2-undecanol acetate, nonyl cyclopropanecarboxylate, and 2-nonanone accounted for more than 70% of the composition of RGL essential oil. The HPLC/PDA analyses indicated that the RGL extracts were rich in phenolic compounds such as protocatechuic acid, rutin, psoralen, xanthotoxin, and bergapten, among which rutin was the most abundant. Collectively, our results demonstrated that RGL contains high levels of phenolic compounds and could thus be commercialized as a valuable plant-derived antioxidant.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.2593-2598
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• 2011

Polyphenols (PPs) are known as antioxidant compounds having benign biological activities. In this paper, a series of hybrid molecules between the free or acetyl protected polyphenol compounds were synthesized and their in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) and cholinesterase [acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE)] inhibition activities were evaluated. As expected, free phenolic hybrid compounds (6 and 8) showed better antioxidant activity than acetyl protected hybrid compounds (5 and 7) from DPPH assay. But the contrast result was obtained from BuChE inhibition assay. Acetyl protected hybrid compounds (5 and 7) showed better inhibition activity for BuChE than free phenolic hybrid compounds (6 and 8). Specifically, 10 (AcFA-AcFA) were shown as an effective inhibitor of BuChE ($IC_{50}=2.3{\pm}0.3{\mu}M$) and also had a great selectivity for BuChE over AChE (more than 170 fold). Inhibition kinetic studies with acetyl protected compounds (5, 7, 9, and 10) indicated that 5, 7 and 10 are a hyperbolic mixed-type inhibition and 10 is a competitive inhibition type. The binding affinity (Ki) value of 10 to BuChE is $2.32{\pm}0.15{\mu}M$.