• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.253-259
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• 1991

마늘의 메타놀 추출물을 클로로포름층과 수층으로 분획하여 각 추출물의 aflatoxin $B_1(AFB_1)$에 대한 항돌연변이 효과를 실험한 결과, Salmonella typhimurium TA98과 TA100에서 클로로포름층이 가장 효과가 크게 나타났다. 클로로포름층을 다시 silica gel column 및 thin layer 크로마토그라피를 사용하여 분리한 결과, 4개의 분획(ASC F1, 2, 3, 4)를 얻었는데, 이중 ASC F2가 $AFB_1$에 대해 항돌연변이 효과가 가장 컸었다. ASC F2로부터 18가지의 화합물이 GC-MS, NMR, FT-IR을 이용하여 잠정적으로 분리, 동정되었으며, 이중 methyl linoleate는 가장 다량으로 함유되어 있는 화합물이었다. Methyl linoleate 표준품의 항돌연변이 효과를 조사한 결과 효과가 매우 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.308-313
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• 1992

쑥의 주요 휘발성분이 Salmonella typhimurium TA100에서 aflatoxin B$_1$의 돌연변이 유발성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 쑥(Artemisia asictica nakai)의 생엽과 볶음 쑥차로 부터 휘발성향기성분을 Tenax trap으로 포집하여 분리하였다. GC-MS로 동정된 9가지 주요화합물중 myrcene, cineole camphor, caryophyllen, coumarin, farnesol은 돌연변이 유발을 억제시키는 효과가 있었으며, 2-pyrrolidine, thujone, 그리고 1-acetylpiperidine은 증가시키는 효과가 있었다. 그러나 이들 9가지 화합물을 혼합하여 시험하였을 때는 돌연변이 억제효과만 현저하였다. 따라서 2-pyrrolidine, thujone, 그리고 1-acetylpiperidine의 돌연변이 증가효과는 쑥중의 항돌연변이 물질에 의해 그 효과를 나타내지 못함을 알 수 있었다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.203-207
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• 1996

Methanol extract of dried persimmon leaves was refractionated using hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, n-butanol aqueous fractions. Among these chloroform fraction showed the highest inhibition rate on the mutagenicities of aflatoxin B₁(AFB₁) and 3,2' -dimethyl-4-amino-bipheny1(DMAB) in Salmonella typhimurium TA 100. Chloroform fraction was further fractionated into eight fractions by silica gel column chromatography and thin layer chromatography(TLC). The fraction 5 on TLC exhibited the highest antimutagenic activities in AFB₁and DMAB. 2,4-Decadienal, dihydro-4-methyl-2(3H)-furanone, hexanoic acid 1,4-bis(1-methy1 ethy1)benzene, heptanoic acid, phenol, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid and benzoic acid were tentatively identified from this antimutagenic fraction by GC-MS.

• 생약학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.80-83
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• 1997

The methanol extract of aerial part of Angelica keiskei Koidzumi exhibited a strong antimutagenic activity against aflatoxin $B_1\;(AFB_1)$. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide in the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA100. Cynaroside, isolated front ethylacetate fraction of the methanol extract Over silica gel, inhibited the mutagenicity of $AFB_1$ with an inhibition value of 96% at 1.0 mg/plate concentration and 87% at 0.5 mg/plate concentration. Other compounds, hyperoside, sucrose and luteolin-7-rutinoside, isolated from ethylactate or n-butanol fraction, also showed antimutagenic effect.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Dietary and Medicinal Antimutgens and Anticarcinogens
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• pp.101-102
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• 2001

Antimutagens, including diverse compounds of botanical origin, offer some promise of reducing the risk posed by exposure to mutagens. Caution is warranted, however, as there may sometimes be a delicate balance between antimutagenic effects and potentiating effects of the same compounds. We studied effects of the antimutagens spermidine (SPD) and cysteamine (CSM) on the genetic activity of the radiomimetic cancer chemotherapy drug bleomycin (BLM).(omitted)

• 약학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.253-257
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• 1991

The anti-mutagenic effect of Orostachys japonicus (OJ) toward aflatoxin (AFB$_{1}$) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in the Salmonella assay system was studied. The methanol extract of OJ inhibited the mutagenicity induced by AFB$_{1}$ about 97% when 5% of the extract added to the system. Butanol fraction from the methanol extract was the most effective against AFB$_{1}$. However, other fractions of hexane, chloroform, and ethylacetate also showed considerable antimutagenic activity against AFB$_{1}$. Several identified compounds from the fractions of OJ exhibited anti-mutagenic effect. $\beta$-Sitosterol, astragalin and kaempferol-3-rhamnosyl-7-glucoside were selected from the compounds, and these compounds inhibited the mutagenicity dose-dependently. These 3 compounds also decreased the mutagenicity induced by MNNG. From these results, it is suggested that the major compounds such as triterpene, sterol and flavonoid in the OJ were responsible for the inhibition of the AFB$_{1}$ and MNNG-induced mutagenicities.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.110-117
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• 1999

Free radicals formed during the metabolism of environmental chemicals are known to induce mutagenicity, while different types of antioxidants suppress this event. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidative and antimutagenic effects of soybean saponins, and to examine the relationship between these two effects for the elucidation of mechanisms involved in the anticarcinogenicity of soybean saponins. Also, antioxidative and antimutagenic effects of soybean saponins were compared with those of kinown antioxidants. For the measurement of antioxidative capacity, soybean saponins, L-ascorbic acid, $\alpha$-tocophoerol, and BHT at concentrations between 005 and 1.0mg/ml were tested for their ability to donate hydrogens and to reduce the formation of thiobarbituric substances(TBARS). Antimutagenic activity was examined using the Ames salmonella test system at concentrations of 600, 900 or 1200ug/ml. Study results showed soybean saponins and all of the other antioxidants tested possessed dose-dependent antioxidative activities. The ability of hydrogen-donation to DPPH was in the order of L-ascorbic acid>$\alpha$-tocopherol=>BHT>soybean saponins. TBARS formation was also inhibited by these compounds, in the order of BHT>$\alpha$-tocopherol=L-ascorbic acid>soybean saponins. Soybean saponins and other antioxidants also showed antimutagenicity in a dose-dependent manner. Especially, soybean saponins and BHT were excellent antioxidants compounds, inhibiting near 80% of the mutagenic effects at a concentration of 1200ug/ml. The correlation coefficients between antioxidative capacity and antimutagenicity for each compund was statistically significant at p<0.05. These results indicate that soybean saponins possess antioxidative and antimutagenic capacities. Also, antimutagenicity of saponins and other antioxidats is partly due to their antioxidative activities.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.965-971
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• 1997

Antimutagenic effects of kale juice on the mutagenicity induced by $B_{1}(AFB_{1})$ N-methyl-N'-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) in Salmonella assay system were studied. The freeze dried kale juice significantly reduced the mutagenicity induced by $AFB_{1}$ in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98. However, the kale juice exhibited less inhigbitory effect on the mutagenicity induced by MNNG as the concentrations of the juice sample increased. Also, kale juice after dialysis (>12,000, Mw) appeared to have 42.3∼89.5% of inhibitory effects against $AFB_{1}$, however, the dialyzate did not show any inhibitory effect against MNNG. To separate and identify the antimutagenic compounds from the kale juice, the dialyzates were further fractioned by using Sepharose CL-6B-200 gel filtration. Fraction number 13 showed the strong antimutagenic activity against $AFB_{1}$, and the fraction exhibited positive results of a characterized colour reactions of protein, carbohydrate and phenolic compound. Therefore, one of the possible active compounds from the kale juice was supposed to a glycoprotein(Mw. 270,000) which seemed unstable with heating.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 1998

Antimutagenic activity of Saururus chinesis (Lour.) Bail was investigated for food-borne mutagens using S. typhimurium TA98. Methanol extract from Saururus Chinesis (Lour.) Bail was fractionated into hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and butanol fractions, followed by determination of antimutagenic activity for food-borne mutagenic heterogenic amines (HCA). The hexane fraction exhibited a strong antimutagenic activity for 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoxaline (MeIQ), 2-amino-3,4-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQx), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyroid[4,3-b]indole acetate (Trp-2-A); however its fraction rather enhanced the bacterial mutagenicity of 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinozaline (4,8-diMeIQx) and 2-amino-3,7,8-trimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxline (7,8-diMeIQx). Active principle in the fraction was found to be two major compounds (${\gamma}$-crene B and epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrane) and 6 minor compounds (${\delta}$-caryophyllene, ${\gamma}$-elemene, ${\beta}$-cabebene, ${\delta}$-cadinene, ${\delta}$-selinene, and patchoulene). Modulation effect for the mutagenic activity of the food-borne mutagenic HCA by the fraction might be derived from a cumulative effect of each individual compounds. Hence, this hexane fraction might be use to reduce the production of mutagenic HCA during cooking process of protein-rich foods.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.294-297
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• 1995

천연 생리활성물질의 개발과 수산미이용자원의 효율적 이용방안을 모색하기 위하여 별불가사리, 오징어먹즙, 성게껍질, 우렁쉥이 껍질, 구멍쇠미역, 산말, 모자반, 참빗풀 등을 대상으로 물, 에테르, 아세톤, 메탄올로 순차 용매추출하여 각 시료의 각 용매 추출구간별로 항변이 원성 물질 검색을 시도하였다. 항변이원성 검색 결과, 8종의 수산 미이용자원의 여러 순차 용매 추출구들 중에서도 단지 우렁쉥이 껍질의 에테르 추출구에서만 변이원 활성 억제효과가 나타났으며, 그 추출액의 농도가 높을수록 항변이원성 효과가 증가하는 경향을 보였다.