• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.54-62
• /
• 2005

The antioxidative effect, antimutagenic capacity and inhibitory effect of cancer cell proliferation in ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum were studied for suggestion of prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and development of antioxidative, antimutagenic and anticancer functional food by employing biological and biochemical assay. The IC/sub 50/ of MDA with BSA conjugation reaction, lipid peroxidation and scavenging effect on DPPH radical in ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum showed 1026.21 mg/mL, 0.152 mg/mL and 0.412 mg/mL, respectively. So, the most effective antioxidative capacity in ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum was the lipid peroxidation, among the method used this study. The indirect and direct antimutagenic effects of ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum were examined by Ames test using Salmonella typimurium TA98 and TA100. The inhibition rates on indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-Anthramine showed 100% in the Salmonella typimurium TA98 and 98.74% in the Salmonella typimurium TA100 and the direct mutagenicity mediated by sodium azide in Salmonella typimurium TA100 was 82.96%. But, the inhibitory effect on indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-Nitrofluorene in Salmonella typimurium TA98 was low(7.81%). The inhibitory Effect of Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extracts on cell proliferation in Hela and MCF-7 by MTT test were 74.36% in HeLa and 73.90% in MCF-7 at the 0.50 mg/assay concentration and IC/sub 50/ were 0.163 mg/mL and 0.196 mg/mL respectively. From this result, it is suggested that Ganoderma lucidum is believed to have a possible antioxidative, antimutagenic and anticancer capacities.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.293-299
• /
• 2002

Cytotoxic and antimutagenic effects of a novel cis-$\varepsilon$-viniferin and five known stilbenes, transresveratrol, trans-$\varepsilon$-viniferin, gnetin H, suffruticosols A and B, isolated from the seeds of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Paeoniaceae) were determined against five different cancer cell lines, and mutagenicity of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in Salmonella typhimurium TA100, respectively. Six stilbenes showed cytotoxic activity in a dose-dependent manner, and especially did potent cytotoxic activity against C6 (mouse glioma) cancer cell with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 8.2 to $20.5{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$. trans-Resveratrol showed significant cytotoxic activity against HepG2 (liver hepatoma) and HT-29 (colon) human cancer cell lines with $IC_{50}$ values of 11.8 and 25.2 g/ml, respectively. In contrast, trans-$\varepsilon$-viniferin and cis--viniferin, and gnetin H exhibited marked cytotoxic activity against Hela (cervicse) and MCF-7 (breast) human cancer cell lines with $IC_{50}$ values of 20.4, 21.5, and $12.9{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$, respectively. However, suffruticosol A and B had less cytotoxic effect against all cancer cells except C6. Meanwhile, six stilbenes exerted antimutagenic activity in a dose-dependent fashion. Of them, trans-resveratrol exhibited the strongest antimutagenic effect against MNNG with $IC_{50}$ value of $27.0{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/plate$, while other five resveratrol oligomers also did moderate antimutagenic activity with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 31.7 to $35.2{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/plate$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.897-901
• /
• 1995

To investigate the physiological activities of Humulus japonicus, we examined the mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of the extract and isolated the flavonoid compounds. The water and methanol extracts of Humulus japonicus did not show the mutagenicity by Ames test in the 0.5-4 mg/plate. The methanol extract showed the antimutagenic effect aganinst Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 induced by 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine(NPD) and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide(NQO). The hexane fraction showed comparatively higher antimutagenic effect than other solvent fractions from the methanol extract. The 50% inhibition concentration($IC_{50}$) of hexane fraction were 2.0 mg/plate, 0.5 mg/plate in TA98 and TA100 respectively. Quercitrin and luteolin were identified in the ethyl acetate fraction from methanol extract of Humulus japonicus by TLC and HPLC.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.618-624
• /
• 1990

The antimutagenic effects of apple enzymatic browning reaction products(AEBRP) which resulted from the reaction of catechol, hydroquinone, homocatechol, hydroxyhydroquinone and pyrogallol with polyphenol oxidase extracted from apple(Jona gold) were investigated. Test strain used in SOS spot test and SOS chromotest was E. coli PQ 37/plasmid pKM 101. In SOS spot test, all of five AEBRPs showed strong antimutagenic effects on mytomycin C(MMC), 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4NQO), N-me-thyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidlne(MNNG) as increasing concentrations of AEBRP solution. In SOS chromotest, most of AEBRPs also showed strong antimutagenic effects on MMC, MNNG, 4NQO and 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole (Trp-P-1), as increasing concentration of AEBRP solution.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.294-297
• /
• 1995

To detect naturally occurring antimutagenic substances from unused marine resources, the screening for the antimutagenic compounds containing in various solvent extracts of eight unused marine resources by modified Ames test was carried out. The tested unused marine resources were Asterina pectinifera, Halocynthia roretzi skin, Nototodarus sloani ink, Anthocidaris crassispina skin, Sargassum horneri, Agarum cribrosum, Odonthalia corymbifera and Desmarestia ligulata. The ether extracts of Halocynthia roretzi skin showed the only antimutagenic effect among several solvent extracts of tested samples. The effect increased with increasing concentration of the ether extracted ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.745-750
• /
• 1998

The antimutagenic and antigenotoxic effects of ethanol, methanol, water and non-heating ethanol extract of Ligularia fischeri were investigated using Ames test and micronucleus test. Four solvent extracts by themseleves did not induce mutagenesis. The four extract of 200㎍/plate showed approximately 84.7%, 77.1%, 72.5% and 71% inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) and 67.9%, 66.8%, 64.6% and 56% inhibition on the mutagenesis by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4NQO) against TA100 strain, whereas 70.2%, 60.9%, 61.9% and 52.8% inhibitions were observed on the mutagenesis induced by 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indol(Trp-P-1) in the presence of 200㎍/plate. TA100 strain was more sensitive than TA98 strain by four kinds of extracts on antimutagenesis. The effects of Ligularia fischeri extracts on the frequencies of micronucleated poly chromatic erythrocytes(MNPECs) induced by MNNG were investigated in the bone marrow. Ten, 20, 40 and 80mg g/kg of each extract were administered to animals immediately after injection of MNNG and the exposure time was 36 hours. Inhibitory effects of Ligularia fischeri ethanol extracts were 12%, 35.3%, 58.8%, and 57%, in the presence of 20, 40, 60 and 80mg/kg, respectively whereas methanol extracts showed 15.5%, 32.7%, 50.8%, and 57.9% inhibitory effects, respectively. Both extracts showed enhanced antimutagenic and antigenotoxic effects. These results showed a good correlation between antimutagenic effects in in vitro and in in vitro assay.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.192-199
• /
• 2016

The antioxidative activity and antimutagenic activity of the ethanol extracts from pericarp and seeds of wild grape (Vitis coignetiea) were analyzed in this study. The antioxidative activity of the extracts from wild grape was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay. The antimutagenic activity of the extracts was evaluated on Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 by Ames test using 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) and sodium azide as mutagens. In the antioxidative activity determination, $IC_{50}$ values of the DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts from pericarp and seeds were 27.16 ppm and 7.61 ppm, respectively. Additionally, ABTS radical scavenging activities of pericarp and seed extract were 99.75% and 98.87% at 200 ppm, respectively. In the antimutagenic activity determination, pericarp extract at 5 mg/plate inhibited 72.6% and 74.3% of mutagenicity of S. typhimurium TA98 induced by 4-NQO and sodium azaid, respectively. Also, the mutagenicity inhibition rates of seed extract at 5 mg/plate were 77.8% and 74.5% in S. typhimurium TA100 induced by 4-NQO and sodium azaid, respectively. These results demonstrate that the ethanol extract from wild grape has remarkable antioxidant activity and antimutagenicity.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.90-94
• /
• 1998

Antimutagenic and antimicrobial effects of the ethanol extracts from sea-mustard and sea-tangle were investigated. Antimutagenic effects of ethanol extracts from sea-tangle were higher than those of sea-mustard. Seventy and ninety percent ethanol extracts from sea-tangle showed high antimutagenic effects on NDMA-induced mutations in TA100 and TA102. Fifty percent of ethanol extract from sea-mustard showed high antimicrobial effect against S. cerevisiae, while 70 and $90\%$ ethanol extracts from sea-tangle against B. subtilis and E. coli.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.169-174
• /
• 1998

Antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects of alginic acids extracted from sea mustard(SM) and sporophyII of sea mustard(SSM) were studied by Salmonella typhimurium assay system and cytotoxicity and transformation tests using C3H/10T1/2 cells, respectively. alginic acid-SM andalginic acid-SSM showed antimutagenic effects on aflatoxin B1(AFB1)and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain. The antimutagenic effect showed concentration dependent manner. At the 2.5mg/plate concentration , alginic acid-SSM exhibited 92% antimutagenicity against AFB1 ,while alginic acid-SM revealed 54% antimutagenictity ,s howing effectiveness of the alginic acid-SSM for the antimutagenicity. Alginic acidSSm also significantly decreased the cytotoxicity induced by 3-methylcholanthrene(MCA) and MNNG in C3H/10T1/2 cells (p<0.05). The type II and type IIItransformation foci formation by MCA and MNNG were also decreased when the alginic acid-SSM was treated, indicating that the alginic acid -SSM reduces the carcinogenesis induced by these carcinogens. The MCA-treated culture produced 10.5foci of type II +III in C3H/10T1/2 cells, however, MCA + 0.2mg/ml alginic acid-SSM treated culture formed only 1.8 foci of the types II + III in C3H/10T1/2 cells, however , MCA+0.2mg/ml alginic acid -SSM treated culture formed only 1.8 foci of the types II+ III(p<0.05). While MNNG-treated culture formed 13.0 foci, MNNG + 0.2mg/ml alginic acid -SSM treated one produced 3.0 foci of type II+III(p<0.05). These results suggest that alginic acid-SSM can effectively prevent the mutagenicities and also decrease cytotoxicity and transformation induced by some carcinogens.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 1996

Antimutagenic effect of Doenjang (Korean soy paste) on various carcinogens in Salmonella typhimurium strains of TA98 and TA100 were studied. By the addition of methanol extract of Doenjang to aflatoxin B₁(AFB₁)in the experimental system, the mutagenicity of AFB₁ on the strains of TA98 and TA100 was com-pletely inhibited. The methenol extract of the Doenjang also inhibited the mutagencities induced by direct mutagens such as N-methy1-N'-nitro-N-nitroguanidine(MNNG)and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4-NQO), and another indirect mutagens of benzo(a) pyrene(BaP) and dimethylnitrosamine(DMN). From the solvents and thin layer chromatographic(TLC) fractionations, free fatty acid(s), especially linoleic acid in Doenjang seemed to be one of the active antimutagenic compounds.