• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.99-102
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• 2006

A 3-year-old girl presented with polydipsia, polyuria, hyponatremia, hypertension and congestive heart failure. Her polyuria was unresponsive to water restriction and vasopressin challenge tests, and her blood pressure was not effectively controlled by antihypertensive drugs. Radiologic examinations revealed a Wilms' tumor in the right kidney. Her plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration were greatly increased. After surgical removal of the tumor, the congestive heart failure disappeared. Congestive heart failure due to Wilms' tumor is very rare and we report here on such a case, with a brief review of the literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.82-89
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• 1977

A rupture of a dissecting aneurysm of the aorta is life threatening disease and calls for emergency surgical treatment. The author recently experienced one case of ruptured dissecting aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta complicated with left hemothorax who was recovered after emergency operation of Aug. 11, 1976. The patient was a 43 years old farmer with known hypertension [260/120] for 20 years but without any venereal disease and had experienced sudden throbbing chest pain. Chest film and aortogram revealed this case ruptured aneurysm of descending thoracic aorta complicated with left hemothorax. In this case, large dissecting aneurysm extend from proximal part of left subclavian artery below diaphragm and involved with 3.0 and 4.0cm sized elliptical rupture in proximal part of descending thoracic aorta. And so, neither fenestration procedure nor replacement of dacron artificial vessel was suitable for this case. Finally, only the rupture site of aneurysm was treated by covering with fibrous pleura and teflon patch. The post-operative management of this case was planned to control hypertension with antihypertensive drugs. The follow-up was possible up to date about 2months. The patient has been doing well with ordinary activities except mild chest discomfort.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.791-798
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• 1990

Takayasu’s disease produces the occlusive and aneurysmal lesions of major branches of the aorta. Angiography is the most important diagnostic procedure in Takayasu’s disease. Surgical treatment is often justified to avoid the possible lethal consequences of hypertension on the heart, kidney, and brain, as well as in the case of aneurysm because of its risk of rupture. We experienced one case of the Takayasu’s disease associated with abdominal coarctation and renovascular hypertension. The patient was 17 years old female and had suffered from hypertension for 14 months. On physical examination, BP was 150/100 mmHg in the right arm and 120/80 mmHg in the left arm. The pulses of the left brachial and femoral arteries were weakly palpable. Aortogram showed the stenosis of the left common and subclavian arteries, coarctation of the abdominal aorta, and stenosis of the right renal artery and complete occlusion of the left renal artery. The stenosis of the right renal artery and the occlusion of the left renal artery produced the renovascular hypertension. She underwent aorta-aortic bypass for the coarctation of the abdominal aorta and aorta-renal bypass for treatment of renovascular hypertension Postoperatively, both femoral pulses were equally palpable. On discharge, antihypertensive drugs were discontinued. She has remained normotensive for last one year.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.57-60
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• 2000

$(R)-\beta-acetylmercaptoisobutyric$ acid (RAM), a chiral compound, is an important intermediate for the chemical synthesis of various antihypertensive and congestive heart failure drugs. Microorganisms capable of converting $(R,S)-\beta-acetylmercaptoisobutyric$ acid ((R,S)-ester) to RAM were screened from soil microorganisms. A strain of Pseudomonas sp. 1001 screened from a soil sample was selected to be the best. Cells showed an activity of 540 U/mL from culture broth and the enzyme was thermostable up to $70^{\circ}C$. This strain could produce RAM asymmetrically from (R,S)-ester.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.sup1
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• pp.84-87
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• 2016

Midaortic syndrome (MAS) is a rare vascular disease that commonly causes renovascular hypertension. The lumen of the abdominal aorta narrows and the ostia of the branches show stenosis. MAS is associated with diminished pulses in the lower extremities compared with the upper extremities, severe hypertension with higher blood pressure in the upper rather than lower extremities, and an abdominal bruit. The clinical symptoms are variable, and recognition in children with hypertension can aid early diagnosis and optimal treatment. Hypertension with MAS is malignant and often refractory to several antihypertensive drugs. Recently, radiologic modalities have been developed and have led to numerous interventional procedures. We describe the case of a 3-year-old boy presenting with left ventricular hypertrophy whose severely elevated blood pressure led to the diagnosis of idiopathic MAS. This case highlights the importance of measuring blood pressure and conducting a detailed physical examination to diagnose MAS. This is the first reported case of idiopathic MAS diagnosed in childhood in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.211-219
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• 1996

The inhibitory effect of cyclosporin A (CsA) on nitric oxide production is not related to the immunosuppressive action of the drug, but to the renal toxicity and arterial hyper-tension. In this study the experimental interventions to reverse the inhibition of nitric oxide production by cyclosporin A in rat aortic smooth muscle cells were examined. CsA inhibited the accumulation of nitrite, the stable end product of nitric oxide, in culture media in a concentration $(0.1{\sim}100{\mu}g/ml)-dependent$ manner. The inhibitory effect of CsA on nitrite accumulation were not antagonized by arginine (10 mM), a substrate of nitric oxide synthase, nor by calcium ionophore A23187 $(7{\mu}M)$. Forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase, which enhanced iNOS induction at transcriptional level, completely reversed the inhibitory action of CsA on nitrite accumulation. However, PMA (2 nM) and PDB (50 nM), PKC activators, increased the inhibitory action of CsA on nitrite accumulalion. From these results, it is suggested that cyclic AMP-elevating agents may be candidates of therapeutic agents in prevention and treatment of renal toxicity and arterial hypertension induced by CsA. Among conventional antihypertensive drugs, calcium channel blockers and ${\alpha}-blockers$ are preferred to ${\beta}-blockers$.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.118-125
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• 2011

In this study, an angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor from squid skin was purified and characterized. Squid (Todarodes pacificus) skin protein isolates were hydrolyzed using six commercial proteases: alcalase, ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin, neutrase, papain, pepsin, and trypsin. The peptic hydrolysate had the highest ACE inhibitory activity. The ACE inhibitory peptide was purified using Sephadex G-25 column chromatography and reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a $C_{18}$ column. The purified ACE inhibitory peptide was identified and sequenced, and found to consist of seven amino acid residues: Ser-Ala-Gly-Ser-Leu-Val-Pro (657Da). The $IC_{50}$ value of the purified ACE inhibitory peptide was 766.2 ${\mu}M$, and Lineweaver-Burk plots suggested that the purified peptide acts as a noncompetitive ACE inhibitor. These results suggest that the ACE inhibitory peptide purified from the peptic hydrolysate of squid skin may be of benefit in developing antihypertensive drugs and functional foods.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1980.09a
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• pp.1-3
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• 1980

To investigate the effect of ginseng on blood pressure (B.P.) in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and essential hypertension ginseng extract was given per se daily in 58 SHR and 35 essential hypertensive patients. SHR were divided into 5 groups according to the dosage of ginseng. In essential hypertension 1,000mg of ginseng extract was given. The B.P. in SHR was measured by tail cuff method. In essential hypertension side effect and changes in various laboratory examinations were evaluated. In SHR ginseng appeared to have hypertensive effect when it is given in small amount(10mg/kg). However, when it is given 60mg/kg/day or more difinite B.P. lowering effect was observed. The hypotensive effect was dosedependant and it lasted for 37days of observation. In essential hypertension in 12 $(80\%)$ among 15 patients hypotensive effect was seen with ginseng administration along and the effect lasted for 12 weeks. In the rest of hypertensive patients it is required addition of diuretics of other antihypertensive drugs to decrease B.P., no appreciable side effect was seen. In laboratory examinations no significant changes were seen except for serum cholesterol, ${\alpha}-and\;{\beta}-lipoprotein,$ and hematocrit. There was some evidence of relationship between plasma renin activity (PRA) and ginseng in hypotensive action.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.1 s.61
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• pp.115-122
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• 2005

Background and objective: Gastrodiae Rhizoma (GR), the rhizoma of Gastrodia elata BL., is one of the popular drugs to treat headache, dizziness, blackout, numbness of limbs, hemiplegia, facial paralysis, dysphrasia, and infantile convulsions. It has been reported that it provides an antihypertensive effect and lowers cerebrovascular resistance in animal experiments. However, there has been no data about these effects with human subjects. In this study, the author examined the effect of Gastrodiae water extracts on blood pressure and cerebrovascular reactivity in human subjects. Methods: We selected 16 normal volunteers, who were divided into 2 groups: Gastrodiae extract administration group and placebo (creamy powder) group. Using transcranial Doppler ultrasound, we monitored changes of mean flow velocity and breath-holding induced CO2 reactivity of middle cerebral artery in both groups. Mean blood pressure, heart rate and PETCO2 were measured using Compact Anesthesia Monitor. In both groups, all evaluation was performed during basal condition, and repeated at 30, 60, and 90 min after administration. Results: Gastrodiae extract decreased CO2 reactivity after administration, reaching the lowest level at 90 minutes $(-29.1\%\;vs.\;basal\;level)$, which showed significant difference compared with the placebo group (p = 0.004). In the placebo group, the pulse rates tended to decrease over time (at 90 minute, $-5.2\%$ vs. basal level) while in the Gastrodiae group the values showed nearly no change, which showed significant difference between both groups (p = 0.036). However, the changes of mean blood pressure and mean flow velocity did not show significant difference between both groups. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that Gastrodiae extract significantly decreased breath-holding induced CO2 reactivity. This result suggests that the clinical effect of Gastrodiae extract might be caused by increasing cerebral blood flow via dilation of cerebral resistant vessels instead of antihypertensive effect.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.605-611
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report a 118-case series demonstrating the treatment of hypertension in a Korean medicine clinic and to evaluate the effect of Korean medicine. Materials & Methods: From 2006 to 2018, patients who visited a Korean medicine clinic for hypertension were investigated by studying changes in blood pressure before and after treatment with herbal medicine, acupuncture, and Uwhangchungsim-won. The average treatment period was 81.6 days. Results: After treatment with Korean medicine, the mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of all patients decreased significantly (p<0.001). The SBP decreased from $148.9{\pm}10.3$ to $133.8{\pm}13.9$, and the DBP decreased from $91.3{\pm}7.5$ to $82.5{\pm}9.0$. After treatment with acupuncture or Uwhangchungsim-won, the patient showed decreased blood pressure but the differences were not statistically significant when compared with the non-treated group. Conclusions: This study shows the real situation of hypertension treatment in Korean medicine and indicates that Korean medicine could be one of the primary treatment for hypertension. However, this study had limitations, such as variations in the treatment periods, the frequency of acupuncture treatments, and the type of antihypertensive drugs. For further evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment for hypertension using Korean medicine, a well-designed study should be undertaken.