• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.597-602
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• 2017

A method is proposed to secure the reliability of the antibacterial test method for textile materials used in the military. Antibacterial activity refers to the inhibition of bacterial growth and removal of harmful bacteria. Through KS K 0693 'Antibacterial Test Method for Textile Material', it is considered that there is a high possibility of error due to the human eye measurement. Therefore, the measurement reliability is improved by applying the image processing. As a result of the measurement, the proposed method showed a difference of about 0.9% compared with the results by conventional test method. The proposed method has the merits that the reliability can be secured by eliminating the error of the measurer, and the measurement time can be reduced.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.3 s.205
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• pp.119-129
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• 2005

The antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus of persimmon juice and persimmon juice dyed cotton fabrics were eveluated. We investigated the effects in pursuit of the proper treating conditions to use persimmon juice dye for comfortable and hygienic doffing. The antibacterial activities were estimated by test method KS K 0693 and the percentage reduction of bacteria at various contact conditions of test materials and bacteria. The results were as follows. no bacteriostatic activities (BS) of persimmon Juice were more than $99.98\%$ and the increase was dose-dependent according to concentration from $1\%$ to $10\%$. However, bactericidal activities (BC) were not found BS increased from $99.97\%$ to $100\%$ and BC from $79.74\%$ to $100\%$ with increasing persimmon juice concentration of cotton fabrics from $10\%$ to $100\%$. Antibacterial effects were significantly shown at $10\%$ of persimmon juices. BS increased from $75.69\%$ to $100\%$ and BC from $65.89\%$ to $100\%$ over 18 hours of contact time and continued for 50 hours. BS of $100\%$ persimmon juice dyed cotton fabrics increased from $96.56\%$ to $98.20\%$ and BC from $-136\%$ to $65\%$ at different incubation temperatures of $17\pm1^{\circ}C$, $27\pm1^{\circ}C$ and $37\pm1^{\circ}C$. BS ranged from $99.06\%$ to $99.99\%$ and BC from $84.31\%$ to $95.10\%$, according to the initial bacterial density from $4.08\times10^7$ to $4.08\times10^5$. Sixty-seven percent of subjects of answered not to smell any odor from persimmon juice dyed cotton fabrics by subjective test.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2018

In insect defense system, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are one of important biological molecules to survive in a variety of environments. Insect can synthesize AMPs to protect against invading pathogens in humoral immune response. Taking more advantage of biological antimicrobial molecules, we report antibacterial activity of two cecropin type peptides, cecropin and moricin, isolated from the silkworm against four salmonella species. In this work, we purified antimicrobial candidate peptides (AMCP) from the extracts of immune challenged silkworm larval hemolymph by two-step chromatographic purification procedure, cation exchange and gel permeation chromatography. The molecular weights of purified peptides were estimated to be about 4 ~ 5 kDa by Tricin SDS-PAGE analysis, and identified as silkworm cecropin and moricin by NCBI BLAST homology search with their N-terminal amino acid sequences. As antibacterial activity assay, the purified peptides showed stronger antibacterial activity against Salmonella pathogens with an MIC value of $1{\sim}4{\mu}g/mL$. Therefore two cecropin type peptides purified from the silkworm will be valuable potential materials for development of new natural antibiotics.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.29-45
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• 2015

Objectives: The object of this study was to observe the in vitro antibacterial effects of Yeonkyokeumpae-jeon (YKKPJ) have been used for treating various gynecological diseases including mastitis in Korea, and individual six kinds of herbal composition aqueous extracts - Forsythiae Fructus (FF), Millettiae Caulis (MC), Lonicerae Flos (LF), Fritillaria Thunbergii Bulb (FT), Taraxci Herba (TH) and Prunellae Spica (PS) against E. coli. Methods: Antibacterial activities against E. coli of YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF, FT, TH and PS aqueous extracts were detected using standard agar microdilution methods. In addition, the effects on the bacterial growth curve were also monitored at MIC and $MIC{\times}2$ levels. The effects on the intracellular killing and bacterial invasion of individual test materials were also observed using Raw 264.7 and MCF-7. The results were compared with ciprofloxacin, a second generation of quinolone antibiotics in the present study. Results: MIC of YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF, FT, TH, PS aqueous extracts against E. coli were detected as $0.039{\pm}0.013mg/ml$, $0.064{\pm}0.033mg/ml$, $0.108{\pm}0.053mg/ml$, $0.078{\pm}0.027mg/ml$, $16.250{\pm}8.385mg/ml$, $15.625{\pm}9.375mg/ml$, $0.254{\pm}0.131mg/ml$, repectively. YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF, FT, TH, PS aqueous extracts showed antibacterial effects against to E. coli, except for FT and TH, which were showed negligible antibacterial effects, respectively. In addition, ciprofloxacin with YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF and PS aqueous extracts also showed marked dosage-dependent inhibition of bacterial growth, and favorable inhibitory effects on the both bacterial invasion and intracellular killing assays using MCF-7 and Raw 264.7 cells were detected in this experiment. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study suggest that traditional polyherbal formula YKKPJ aqueous extracts showed more favorable antibacterial activities as compared to individual six kinds of herbal composition aqueous extracts. The antibacterial effects of YKKPJ against E. coli considered as results of complicated synergic effects of their six kinds of herbal components rather than simple antibacterial effects of single herbal components. It means, YKKPJ aqueous extracts may show potent anti-infectious effects against E. coil for mastitis.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated the antibacterial, antioxidant, and whitening effects of Prunus persica Batsch var. davidiana Max. (Feral Peach) and Prunus mume (white and pink) flowers. The extracts of the three kinds of flowers showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus. aureus. The chloroform fractions of the white Prunus mume, Feral Peach, and pink Prunus mume flowers exhibited antibacterial activities of 84, 49, and 30%, respectively, against Staphylococcus. aureus at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. The flower extracts of the three species also exhibited antibacterial effects against Pseudomonas. aeruginosa. The chloroform fractions of the Feral Peach and pink Prunus meme flowers exhibited antibacterial activities of 36 and 30%, respectively, at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. These extracts did not exhibit any significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus. epidermidis and Escherichia. coli. The extracts of the three kinds of flowers did not significantly affect the survival of HaCaT cells. The distilled water fraction of the pink Prunus mume flower extract exhibited antioxidant effects at concentrations of both 20 and 40 ㎍/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction of the pink Prunus mume flower extract exhibited an antioxidant activity superior to glutathione at a concentration of 40 ㎍/mL. The flower extracts did not significantly affect the survival rate of B16F10 cells. The chloroform fraction of the Feral Peach flower exhibited a whitening effect of 18% at a concentration of 40 ㎍/mL. Based on these results, we conclude that the three kinds of flower extracts are raw materials exhibiting antibacterial, antioxidant, and whitening effects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.08a
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• pp.270.1-270.1
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• 2013

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most powerful materials for purifying organic pollutants using photocatalytic activity. In this study, we have introduced a novel method to design highly photoreactive flexible 3 dimensional (3D) ZnO nanocomposite [F-ZnO-m (m: reaction time, min)] by electrospinning and simple-step ZnO growth processing (one-step ZnO seed coating/growth processing). Significantly, the F-ZnO-m could be a new platform (or candidate) as a photocatalytic technology for both morphology control and largearea production. The highest photocatalytic degradation rate ([k]) was observed for F-ZnO-m at 2.552 h-1, which was 8.1 times higher than that of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs; [k] = 0.316 h-1). The enhanced photocatalytic activity of F-ZnO-m may be attributed to factors such as large surface area. The F-ZnO-m is highly recyclable and retained 98.6% of the initial decolorization rate after fifteen cycles. Interestingly, the F-ZnO-m samples show very strong antibacterial properties against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) after exposure to UV-light for 30 min. The antibacterial properties of F-ZnO-m samples are more effective than those of ZnO NPs. More than 96.6% of the E. coli is sterilized after ten cycles. These results indicate that F-ZnO-m samples might have utility in several promising applications such as highly efficient water/air treatment and inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.792-802
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• 2022

In this study, the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Sophora japonica extracts were investigated to determine the potential of S. japonica as a functional food and medicinal materials. S. japonica was divided into flowers, fruits, and branches, and ethanol extraction was used. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were significantly higher in the flower and fruit extracts than in the branch extracts, but the ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity and ORAC value were higher in the branch extracts. Among the ethanol extracts of S. japonica, branch extracts showed strong antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis, and the MIC was 0.2 mg/ml. Branch extracts showed bacteriostatic activity against P. gingivalis at a concentration of 0.4 mg/ml or less and bactericidal activity at a concentration of 0.6 mg/ml or more. Biofilm biomass production and cell growth of P. gingivalis in the culture medium treated with the branch extract at a concentration of 0.2-2.0 mg/ml were significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the mRNA expression of fimA and mfa1 associated with fimbriae formation in these cultures was suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner. Based on these results, S. japonica branch extracts can be used as functional food and medicinal materials, as demonstrated by their antioxidant and antibacterial activities against P. gingivalis and the inhibition of biofilm formation resulting from P. gingivalis.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.444-450
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• 2022

The effect of coated polyester (PET) textiles with metal oxide, chitosan, and copper ion on the antibacterial and antiviral activities was evaluated to investigate the applicability of multi-coated PET textiles as antiviral materials. Compared to coated PETs with a single agent, multi-coated PETs reduced the loading amount of coating materials as well as the contact time with bacteria for a bacterial cell number of < 10 CFU/mL, which was not detectable with the naked eyes. Metal oxides generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as free radicals by a catalytic reaction, and copper ions can promote contact killing by the generation of ROS. Chitosan not only enhanced antibacterial activities due to amine groups, but enabled it to be a template to load copper ions. We observed that multi-coated PET textiles have both antibacterial activities for E. coli and S. aureus and antiviral efficiency of more than 99.9% for influenza A (H1N1) and SARS-CoV-2. The multi-coated PET textiles could also be prepared via a roll-to-roll coating process, which showed high antiviral efficacy, demonstrating its potential use in air filtration and antiviral products such as masks and personal protective equipment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.412-412
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• 2014

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most powerful materials for purifying organic pollutants using photocatalytic activity. In this study, we have introduced a novel method to design highly photoreactive flexible 3 dimensional (3D) ZnO nanocomposite [F-ZnO-m (m: reaction time, min)] by electrospinning and simple-step ZnO growth processing (one-step ZnO seed coating/growth processing). Significantly, the F-ZnO-m could be a new platform (or candidate) as a photocatalytic technology for both morphology control and large-area production. The highest photocatalytic degradation rate ([k]) was observed for F-ZnO-m at 2.552 h-1, which was 8.1 times higher than that of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs; [k] = 0.316 h-1). The enhanced photocatalytic activity of F-ZnO-m may be attributed to factors such as large surface area. The F-ZnO-m is highly recyclable and retained 98.6% of the initial decolorization rate after fifteen cycles. Interestingly, the F-ZnO-m samples show very strong antibacterial properties against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) after exposure to UV-light for 30 min. The antibacterial properties of F-ZnO-m samples are more effective than those of ZnO NPs. More than 96.6% of the E. coli is sterilized after ten cycles. These results indicate that F-ZnO-m samples might have utility in several promising applications such as highly efficient water/air treatment and inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.635-635
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• 2013

We report three-dimensional polycrystalline anatase TiO2 structures (3D a-TiO2) for environmental and bio-medical applications. The 3D a-TiO2 was synthesized without thermal treatment by the growth of rod-like polycrystals on Degussa P25 (P25) via low temperature (< $85^{\circ}C$) modified alkali hydrothermal processing. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopic results showed that the rod-like polycrystals of 3D a-TiO2 possessed the highly anatase nanostructures. The photocatalytic activity of 3D a-TiO2 was found to be 2.2 times higher than that of P25. The recyclability of the 3D a-TiO2 was found to be high: the decolorization rate was 94.8% of the initial value after fifteen cycles. In addition, 3D a-TiO2 exhibited excellent antibacterial activities for the sterilization of gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Even at the 10th recycled use, more than 98.4% of E. coli and S. aureus can be killed. These results indicated that 3D a-TiO2 might have utility in several promising applications such as photocatalytic water/air purification and bactericidal agents.