• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2016

본 연구는 선행 연구된 삼채뿌리의 뛰어난 영양성을 토대로 기능성 식품소재로의 이용가능성을 확인하고 활용도를 높이고자 국내산 및 미얀마산 삼채뿌리의 항산화 및 생리활성을 측정하였다. 삼채뿌리의 총 폴리페놀과 총 플라보노이드 함량은 국내산 삼채뿌리가 각각 5.27 mgGAE/g, 0.35 mgQE/g, 미얀마산 삼채뿌리가 각각 4.80 mgGAE/g, 0.24 mgQE/g으로 국내산 삼채뿌리가 더 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 삼채뿌리의 항산화력을 측정한 결과 DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 미얀마산이 더 높은 활성을 보였지만, ABTS 라디칼 소거능과 $Fe^{2+}$ 킬레이팅 활성, 환원력은 국내산이 더 높은 활성을 보였다. ${\alpha}-Glucosidase$ 저해활성은 국내산의 저해활성이 미얀마산 삼채뿌리의 저해활성보다 더 높았으며 대조구인 acarbose에 비해서도 우수한 저해활성을 보였다. Acetylcholinesterase 저해 활성을 측정한 결과, 50 mg/mL 농도에서 국내산 삼채뿌리가 51.44%로 44.33%의 저해활성을 보인 미얀마산 삼채뿌리보다 더 높은 저해활성을 보였다. 본 연구를 통해 삼채뿌리 특히 국내산 삼채뿌리는 높은 항산화 활성, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ 및 acetylcholinesterase 저해 활성을 보여 혈당조절제, 치매예방 및 개선제로써의 활용가능성이 큰 것으로 확인되었으며, 이로써 기능성 식품소재로의 활용이 증가될 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 향후 국내산 삼채의 우수성을 검증하기 위하여 여러 지역에서 재배된 삼채의 기능성 분석이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2017

Cordyceps bassiana is one of Cordyceps species with anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-angiogenic, and anti-nociceptive activities. This mushroom has recently demonstrated to have an ability to reduce 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis symptoms in NC/Nga mice. In this study, we further examined phytochemical properties of this mushroom by column chromatography and HPLC analysis. By chromatographic separation and spectroscopic analysis, 8 compounds, such as 1,9-dimethylguanine (1), adenosine (2), uridine (3), nicotinamide (4), 3-methyluracil (5), 1,7-dimethylxanthine (6), nudifloric acid (7), and mannitol (8) were identified from 6 different fractions and 4 more subfractions. Through evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activities using reporter gene assay and mRNA analysis, compound 1 was found to block luciferase activity induced by $NF-{\kappa}B$ and AP-1, suppress the mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$. Therefore, our data strongly suggests that compound 1 acts as one of major principles in Cordyceps bassiana with anti-inflammatory and anti-atopic dermatitis activities.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.194-202
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• 2015

신령버섯(Agaricus brasilliensis)는 식용과 약용으로 사용되고 있는 담자균류에 속하는 버섯이다. 본 연구에서는 신령버섯의 자실체를 메탄올과 열수를 이용해 추출한 물질의 항산화, 항당뇨 및 nitric oxide 생성 저해 효과에 대한 실험을 수행하였다. 고속액체 크로마토그래피를 이용해 이 버섯 자실체 추출물의 페놀성 화합물을 분석한 결과 gallic acid, procatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, (-)-epicatechin, vanillin, rutin hydrate, naringin, quercetin, formononetin, biochanin-A 등 총 10종류의 페놀성 화합물이 확인되었다. 항산화 효과 실험에서 메탄올 추출물의 DPPH radical 소거능은 양성대조군으로 사용한 BHT에 비해 낮았지만 비교적 효과가 우수하였으며, 철 이온 제거 항산화 효과는 메탄올 추출물이 양성대조군인 BHT에 비해 모든 실험 농도에서 유의성 있게 높았다. 환원력의 경우 이 버섯의 추출물은 양성대조군에 비해 모두 모든 농도에서 효과가 낮게 나타났다. 항당뇨 실험에서 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase에 대한 메탄올추출물의 저해효과는 1.0 mg/mL와 2.0 mg/mL의 농도에서 각각 54.48%와 78.43%를 보여 양성대조군인 acarbose의 51.77%과 81.81%에 비해 조금 낮았다. 염증저해 효과 실험에서 RAW 264.7 대식세포가 배양되고 있는 배지에 신령버섯 자실체의 메탄올과 열수추출물을 각각 전 처리 한 후 염증 매개 물질인 LPS를 투여하여 메탄올과 열수 추출물의 NO 생성 저해효과를 조사한 결과 추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 대식세포에 생성된 NO의 양이 감소하는 경향을 나타내어 높은 농도에서 저해효과가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 신령버섯의 자실체에는 항산화, 항당뇨, 및 항염증 효과를 나타내는 천연물질이 함유되어 있어서 이를 섭취할 경우 건강에 유용한 것으로 생각되었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2006

Objectives : The present study was carried out to investigate the beneficial effect of Coicis Semen extract(CSe) on streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy rats. CSe was given to rats with oral administration. Methods : The experimental animals were divided into 3 groups : normal group of rats, control group of STZ-induced diabetic rats, sample group with CSe treatment. Experimental diabetes was induced by the injection of STZ(60 mg/kg) to the rat via the peritoneum. The effects of CSe on STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy were observed by measuring the serum level of creatinine, BUN and uric level of glucose. Kidney level of lipid peroxidation and the activities of reduced glutathione(GSH) were also examined Results : STZ-induced increase of serum creatinine was lowered by CSe treatment, but BUN and uric level of glucose did not show significant changes. CSe oral administration showed statistical decrease of lipid peroxidation in renal cortical tissues, but it has no effect on the activities of GSH. Conclusion : CSe treatment showed protective effect on rat diabetic nephropathy model, but action mechanism of the effect was still not dear. We thought to be concerned with anti-oxidative stress.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2019

Introduction: Oxidative stress (OS) during uncontrolled hyperglycemia has a pivotal role in pancreatic dysfunction. Our study aimed to demonstrate that crocin can potentiate anti-oxidant defense systems of pancreatic cells to improve oxidative stress. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups: a normal group, a normal-treated group, a diabetic group and a diabetic-treated group (n = 6 rats per group). Diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg/IV). The treated groups received crocin daily for 8 weeks (40 mg/kg/IP). At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed and pancreas tissue was obtained. Subsequently, the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrate and glutathione as well as the enzymatic activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined in all animals. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with appropriate post hoc testing and a probability value of P < 0.05 was considered to represent a statistically significant difference in mean values. Results: Uncontrolled hyperglycemia weakened the anti-oxidant system by decreasing SOD and catalase enzyme activity in pancreatic tissues and induced OS by increasing the MDA content in diabetic non-treated animals. Crocin potentiated the anti-oxidant defense system by increasing the activity of both SOD and catalase, and improved OS by diminishing MDA production in pancreatic cells of rats contained in the diabetic-treated group. Conclusion: Based on our results, it is concluded that uncontrolled hyperglycemia can weaken the anti-oxidant defense system and cause the development of OS. Also, crocin can improve OS in pancreatic cells by potentiating the anti-oxidant defense system.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

Objectives : The heartwood of Sappan Lignum has been used since ancient times as an ingredient in folk medicines against anti-bacterial and anti-anemia purposes. Many bioactive constituents have been derived from this biomass such as chalcones and homoisoflavonoids. In the current investigation, the antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties using DPPH and $ABTS^+$ radicals scavenging, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) inhibition assays were evaluated by different extraction methods of Sappan Lignum. Methods : In our continuing investigation for bioactive natural ingredients, the antioxidant and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory properties of Sappan Lignum extracts were prepared from different extraction methods and the biological efficacies were investigated in vitro. The antioxidant properties were evaluated employing radical scavenging assays using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ($ABTS^+$) radicals. In addition, the anti-diabetic effects of Sappan Lignum extracts were tested via ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and AGEs formation inhibitory assay. The total phenolic contents were determined using a spectrophotometric method. Results : All the tested samples showed dose-dependent radical scavenging and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities. Among the tested extracts, the 80% methanolic extract of Sappan Lignum was showed the most potent activity with an $IC_{50}$ value of $82.3{\pm}1.7{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ against DPPH radical scavenging assay. While, $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activity of 80% methanolic extract was higher than those of other extracts. Also, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory and AGEs formation effects of each extacts and total phenolic contents were evaluated. Conclusions : These results suggested that Sappan Lignum can be considered as a new effective source of natural antioxidant and anti-diabetic materials.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.661-667
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 천년초 줄기 분말을 이용한 식품 개발에 활용하고자 천년초 줄기 분말을 용매별로 추출하여 항당뇨 및 항산화 활성을 시험하였다. 천년초 줄기의 ethyl acetate fraction을 $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ 처리했을 때 ${\alpha}$-amylase 억제활성이 $89.94{\pm}1.15%$로 가장 높았으며, 다른 fraction들은 $12.19{\pm}2.39{\sim}28.14{\pm}2.06%$로 낮았다. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase 억제활성은 ethyl acetate fraction이 $29.01{\pm}0.49%$로 가장 높았으며, 75% ethanol fraction은 $23.48{\pm}9.89%$였고 water fraction이 $12.59{\pm}1.35%$로 가장 낮았다. 용매 분획별 total phenolics 함량과 total flavonoids 함량은 ethyl acetate fraction에서 각각 $196.02{\pm}5.26$ 및 $114.00{\pm}10.03{\mu}g/mg$으로 가장 높게 나타났다. Ethyl acetate fraction의 DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거능은 농도 의존적으로 각각 $88.78{\pm}0.30%$ 및 $97.27{\pm}0.94%$로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 대조구인 BHT 및 비타민 C와 비슷하였다. FRAP 활성은 chloroform 및 ethyl acetate fraction에서 각각 $1.119{\pm}0.018$ 및 $1.057{\pm}0.014abs(593nm)$로 다른 fraction보다 높게 나타났다. 전체적으로 천년초 줄기의 ethyl acetate fraction의 항당뇨 및 항산화 효과가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 상업적으로 사용되는 BHT 및 비타민 C와 비슷한 항산화 효과를 나타내는 천연소재를 발굴함으로써 천년초 줄기가 항당뇨 및 항산화 활성을 갖는 식품소재로서 활용 가능성이 높은 것으로 판단되었다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.77-107
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• 2018

Objectives : In present study, therefore, possible beneficial pharmacological activities of standard potato protein extracts (SPE) were observed on the mild diabetic obese mice. Methods : After end of 12 weeks of continuous oral administrations of three different dosages of SPE 400, 200 and 100 mg/kg, or metformin 250 mg/kg, analyzed the hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, nephroprotective and anti-obesity effects, separately. In addition, liver antioxidant defense systems were additionally measured with lipid metabolism-related genes expressions and hepatic glucose-regulating enzyme activities for action mechanism. Results : All of diabetes and related complications including obesity were significantly inhibited by treatment of SPE 400, 200 and 100 mg/kg, dose-dependently, and they also dramatically normalized the hepatic lipid peroxidation and depletion of liver endogenous antioxidant defense system, the changes of the hepatic glucose-regulating enzyme activities, also changes of the lipid metabolism-related genes expressions including hepatic $AMPK{\alpha}1$ and $AMPK{\alpha}2$ mRNA expressions, dose-dependently. Especially, SPE 200 mg/kg constantly showed favorable inhibitory activities against type II diabetes and related complications as comparable to those of metformin 250 mg/kg in HFD mice, respectively. Conclusions : The present work demonstrated that SPE 400, 200 and 100 mg/kg showed favorable anti-diabetic and related complications including obesity refinement activities in HFD mice, through AMPK upregulation mediated hepatic glucose enzyme activity and lipid metabolism-related genes expression, antioxidant defense system and pancreatic lipid digestion enzyme modulatory activities.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1228-1234
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• 2008

Having idea to develop more effective anti-diabetic agent from ginseng root, we comprehensively assessed the anti-diabetic activity and mechanisms of ginsam in C57BL/KsJ db/db mice. The db/db mice were divided into 4 groups; diabetic control (DC), ginsam at a dose of 300 or 500 mg/kg (GS300 or GS500) and metformin at a dose of 300 mg/kg (MT300). Ginsam was orally administered for 8 weeks. GS500 reduced the blood glucose concentration and significantly decreased an insulin resistance index. In addition, GS500 reduced the plasma non-esterified fatty acid, triglyceride, and increased high density lipoprotein-cholesterol as well as decreased the hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride. More interestingly, ginsam increased the plasma adiponectin level by 17% compared to diabetic control group. Microarray, quantitative-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme activity results showed that gene and protein expressions associated with glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation were changed to the way of reducing hepatic glucose production, insulin resistance and enhancing fatty acid $\beta$-oxidation. Ginsam also increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase and glucose transporter expressions in the liver and skeletal muscle, respectively. These changes in gene expression were considered to be the mechanism by which the ginsam exerted the anti-diabetic and anti-dyslipidemic activities in C57BL/KsJ db/db mice.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2018

Objectives : Ligustri Fructus has been used since ancient times as a medicinal usages in folk medicines against antitumor purpose. Many biological active constituents have been identified from this biomass such as several terpenoids and lignans. In current study, the properties of antioxidant and anti-diabetic complications using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)($ABTS^+$) radicals scavenging, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) inhibition assays were evaluated by different extraction methods of Ligustri Fructus. Methods : In present continuing research for development of bioactive natural ingredients, antioxidant and AGEs formation inhibitory capacities of Ligustri Fructus extracts using different organic solvents were prepared and the biological potentials were investigated using in vitro bioassays. Antioxidant properties were evaluated employing radical scavenging assays using DPPH and $ABTS^+$ radicals. In addition, the anti-diabetic complications effects of Ligustri Fructus extracts were tested via AGEs formation inhibitory assay. The total phenolic contents were determined using a spectrophotometric method. Results : All the tested extracts exhibited dose-dependent radical scavenging and AGEs formation inhibitory activities. Among the tested samples, hot water extract of Ligustri Fructus was showed the most potent activity with $IC_{50}$ value of $494.8{\pm}6.7{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ against DPPH radical scavenging assay. Also, $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activity of hot water extract was higher than those of other extracts. In addition, AGEs formation inhibitory effects of each extacts and total phenolic contents were evaluated. Conclusions : These results suggested that Ligustri Fructus can be considered as a new effective source of natural antioxidant and anti-diabetic complications resources.