• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.1277-1283
• /
• 2002

Silsosangami(SSG) is a formula of treaditional korean medicines as an effective biological response modifier for augmenting host homeostasis of body circulation. Little is known of the biological activity of SSG and previous studies have focused mainly on their anti-thrombosis8). There is a growing interest in the pharmacological potential of the SSG due to the recent finding by our group that SSG and each constituent herbs of SSG were able to inhibit NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis in murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with bacterial endotoxin. In this paper, the effects of SSG on platelet aggregation and hemolysis in human blood were studied. SSG provoked remarkable inhibiting effect on platelet aggregation, and APTT were sensitive to the presence of this SSG. Using an in vitro system, APTT was delayed with the increment of the concentrations of these seven compounds. These results suggested that SSG might be used as a novel antithrombotic therapeutic agents in post-myocardial infarction. A SSG reduced NO production in mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, without the influence on the activity of iNOS being observed. SSG significantly reduced mouse paw edema induced by carrageenan. Western blot analysis showed that SSG reduced the expression of iNOS. The results indicate that SSG exerts anti-inflammatory effects related to the inhibition of NO production, which could be due to a decreased expression of iNOS.

• 융합정보논문지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.238-242
• /
• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 건강한 모발을 유지하기 위해 트리트먼트로 모발을 유지 관리하기 위해서이다. 잦은 퍼머넌트로 인한 모발 끝에 많은 손상을 가져오는데 손상된 모발 끝을 보호하기 위해 단계별로 퍼머넌트 웨이브 전·후 처리제를 사용한다. 본 연구에 사용된 은행잎 추출물은 항균, 항산화 및 항암에 효과적이고 혈액순환과 피부보습 효과가 있다. 이 추출물을 파마지 1장과 파마지 2장에 적셔 와인딩한 후 큐티클, 인장강도 및 웨이브 형성률을 알아보고자 한다. 평균비교분석을 하였으며, 파마지 2장에 은행잎 추출물을 적용하였을 때 퍼머넌트한 모발끝이 모발개선효과가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.131-137
• /
• 2022

Osteomyelitis typically occurs because of the direct inoculation of bacteria or fungi after penetrating trauma or surgical contamination or, by extension, from soft tissue infection. Osteomyelitis is rarely reported in wildlife animals, though severe chronic osteomyelitis cases do exist in wildlife owing to the scarcity of medical support in the wild environment. This report describes three cases of chronic osteomyelitis in wild raccoon dogs related to trauma. The typical symptoms of three reported cases were ataxia, stiffness, muscle atrophy, and lethargy. All three cases were relevant to traumatic or severe external injury, and skin infestation caused by ectoparasites was apparent on an ocular inspection. In the radiographic examination, diffuse sites of osteolytic lesions and remarkable periosteal responses were demonstrated around the injured limb in all three cases. Apparent neutrophilia with a left shift, lymphocytosis, and monocytosis in hematological examinations generally indicated chronic infection as shown in case 1 and 3. Treatment was attempted with broad-spectrum antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin, clindamycin, and meloxicam. These treatment options helped improve the overall prognosis of chronic osteomyelitis, but the outcomes did not meet the treatment goal entirely. Osteomyelitis can be extremely challenging to treat, particularly in wild animals, because of their distinctive traits, such as masking phenomenon and uncontrolled exposure to ectoparasites. Earlier diagnosis with a radiographic examination, hematological examinations, and careful patient monitoring, followed by prolonged antibiotic therapy and restricted exercise, are the key factors leading to a better prognosis.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제33권12호
• /
• pp.1015-1024
• /
• 2023

항생제는 인간을 비롯한 가축 및 어류의 세균성 감염 질환의 치료에 크게 기여해 왔으나, 그 오남용으로 인해 많은 다제약제 내성균의 등장을 야기하였다. 최근, 항생제 내성균의 제어를 위한 새로운 항생물질 소재 발굴 및 신약 개발에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 염생식물은 염분이 높은 토양에서 자생하는 식물로 산화 스트레스로 작용하는 염분에 대한 적응으로 독특한 대사과정을 통한 특이한 이차 대사산물을 생성하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 최근 항생제의 오용 및 남용으로 항생제 내성균이 증가해 천연물질을 활용한 새로운 신약 개발의 필요성이 커지고 있다. 세균의 생물막 형성은 적대적 환경으로부터 스스로를 보호하는 적응 및 생존을 위한 전략으로 인식되며, 감염성 세균의 경우 숙주 내 부착 및 집락화를 위한 주요병원성 인자로 여겨진다. 특히, 생물막을 형성한 세균은 항생제에 대해 더 큰 내성을 보이며 쉽게 죽지 않아 치료가 더욱 어려워진다. 부유성 세균은 다양한 외부 환경을 인식하여 표면 부착을 통한 생물막 형성이 유도되는데 산화적 스트레스는 이를 유도할 수 있는 주요 신호 중 하나이다. 따라서 항산화제와 같은 산소 스트레스 조절 효과를 갖는 화학 물질은 세균의 생물막 형성과 관련된 감염성 질환 치료에 사용될 수 있을 것으로 여겨지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 총 18종의 국내에 자생하는 염생식물 추출물에 대한 항산화 효능을 확인하고 나아가 Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978균주에 대한 항생물막 효과 및 세포 독성을 검증하였다. 그 결과 해국, 통보리사초, 해당화, 천문동에서 높은 항산화 효과와 항생물막 효과가 있는 것을 확인하였고 세포독성 역시 보이지 않음을 확인하였다. 해당 연구를 통해 국내 자생 염생식물 유래 항산화 물질의 항생물막 활성을 함께 확인함으로써, 새로운 천연물 유래 신약 후보군을 제시하고 향후 다제약제 내성균의 제어를 위한 의약 소재로서 개발이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제42권6호
• /
• pp.185-195
• /
• 2012

Purpose: (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects in periodontitis. However, its exact mechanism of action has yet to be determined. The present in vitro study evaluated the anti-in-flammatory effects of EGCG on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) and human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) affected by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted from Porphyromonas gingivalis. Methods: hPDLFs and hPDLSCs were extracted from healthy young adults and were treated with EGCG and/or P. gingivalis LPS. After 1, 3, 5, and 7 days from treatment, cytotoxic and proliferative effects were evaluated using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and bromodeoxyuridine assay, respectively. And then, the gene expressions of hPDLFs and hPDLSCs were observed for interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and RANKL/OPG using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at 0, 6, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. The experiments were performed with the following groups for hPDLFs and hPDLSCs; 1) No treat, 2) EGCG alone, 3) P. gingivalis LPS alone, 4) EGCG+P. gingivalis LPS. Results: The 20 ${\mu}M$ of EGCG and 20 ${\mu}g/mL$ of P. gingivalis LPS had the lowest cytotoxic effects, so those concentrations were used for further experiments. The proliferations of hPDLFs and hPDLSCs increased in all groups, though the 'EGCG alone' showed less increase. In real-time PCR, the hPDLFs and hPDLSCs of 'EGCG alone' showed similar gene expressions to those cells of 'no treat'. The gene expressions of 'P. gingivalis LPS alone' in both hPDLFs and hPDLSCs were highly increased at 6 hours for IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, RANKL, and RANKL/OPG, except the RANKL/OPG in hPDLSCs. However, those increased gene expressions were down-regulated in 'EGCG+P. gingivalis LPS' by the additional treatment of EGCG. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that EGCG could exert an anti-inflammatory effect in hPDLFs and hPDLSCs against a major pathogen of periodontitis, P. gingivalis LPS.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.272-281
• /
• 2020

Environmental agents, including viral and bacterial infectious agents, are involved in the alteration of physicochemical and biological parameters in the nasal epithelium. Hyaluronan (HA) has an important role in the regulation of tissue healing properties. High molecular weight HA (HMW-HA) shows greater anti-inflammatory responses than medium molecular weight HA (MMW-HA) and low molecular weight HA (LMW-HA). We investigated the effect of HMW-HA, MMW-HA and LMW-HA on the regulation of physicochemical and biological parameters in an "in vitro" model that might mimic viral infections of the nasal epithelium. Human nasal epithelial cell line RPMI2650 was stimulated with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) Poly(I:C) for 5 days in air-liquid-interface (ALI) culture (3D model of airway tissue). dsRNA Poly(I:C) treatment significantly decreased transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in the stratified nasal epithelium of RPMI2650 and increased pH values, rheological parameters (elastic G' and viscous G''), and Muc5AC and Muc5B production in the apical wash of ALI culture of RPMI2650 in comparison to untreated cells. RPMI2650 treated with dsRNA Poly(I:C) in the presence of HMW-HA showed lower pH values, Muc5AC and Muc5B production, and rheological parameters, as well as increased TEER values in ALI culture, compared to cells treated with Poly(I:C) alone or pretreated with LMW-HA and MMW-HA. Our 3D "in vitro" model of epithelium suggests that HMW-HA might be a coadjuvant in the pharmacological treatment of viral infections, allowing for the control of some physicochemical and biological properties affecting the epithelial barrier of the nose during infection.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.694-705
• /
• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 항 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 활성을 가지는 해양미생물을 분리, 동정하고 항MRSA 물질을 분리 정제하여 그 물질의 활성과 시너지 효과를 밝히는 것이다. 본 연구에서 분리한 해양미생물 중에서, YJ-1 분리 균주가 가장 강한 항MRSA 활성을 나타내었다. YJ-1 균주는 생화학적 특성과 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열에 기초하여 분류 동정되었다. YJ-1 균주의 염기서열은 Pseudomonas stutzeri와 99.2%의 상동성을 나타내어, Pseudomonas sp. YJ-1이라 명명하였다. 이 균주의 최적 성장조건은 $25^{\circ}C$와 초기 pH 농도 7.0이었다. 항MRSA 물질들을 분리정제하기 위하여 YJ-1 균주를 PPES-II 배지에 배양하였으며, 배양 상등액을 ethyl acetate, hexane과 80% MeOH로 순차적으로 추출하였다. 활성을 보인 80% MeOH 분획을 $C_{18}$ ODS 칼럼 크로마토그래피, silica gel 크로마토그래피와 역상 HPLC법으로 순차적으로 정제하여 항MRSA 활성을 가지는 3개의 순수물질 MR1, MR2 및 MR3를 얻었다. $250{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ 농도의 MR1 물질을 MRSA 세포에 접종했을 때, MRSA 세포의 95%가 48시간 이내에 사멸하였다. 활성을 vancomycin 및 ampicillin과 비교해 보아도, MR1 물질은 보다 우수한 항MRSA 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 항MRSA 활성은 투여량과 시간에 비례하여 증가하였다. 더욱이 MR1 물질과 vancomycin을 조합하여 시너지 효과를 보았을 때, MR1 물질을 단독으로 투여했을 때보다 신속한 MRSA 세포의 감소를 관찰할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, MRSA 감염에 있어서 Pseudomonas sp. YJ-1과 이것이 생산하는 항MRSA 물질은 천연 항균제로서 기여할 수 있으리라 판단된다.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.256-263
• /
• 2015

Background: Initial treatment of acute upper respiratory infection (AURI) should not include antibiotics because most AURIs are caused by virus. However, the prescription rate of antibiotics in Korea is higher than in any other countries. Inappropriate use of antibiotics in Korea accelerated the emergence of antibiotics resistance and increased the social and economic burden. The objective of this study was to investigate the factors related to antibiotics use for the AURI among children-adolescents and adults. Methods: This study analyzed the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Sample data which was nationally representative sampling stratified by sex and age. Results: The influencing factors of antibiotics use for AURI are gender, age, types of medical security, primary disease, existence of concomitant disease, treatment seasons, first visit or revisit, indicated specialty, types of medical institution, and location of medical institution. Conclusion: The results showed health policy makers are required to place more efforts to resolve inappropriate antibiotics use. Especially they need to establish a health policy to reduce the gap between areas and specialties and recommend standardized clinical guidelines according to the subgroup code of AURI and the age group of patients.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.131-135
• /
• 2008

A cDNA encoding a defensin-like peptide (Protaetiamycine) from the larvae of a beetle, Protaetia brevitarsis was cloned. The DNAs encoded the deduced propeptide of 79 amino acid residues with the predicted molecular weight of 8.4 kDa and PI of 8.24. Overall amino acid sequence of this protein has 39% similarity to that of Rhodnius prolixus defensin, 43% similarity to that of Acalolepta luxuriosa defensin, and 72% similarity to that of Oryctes rhinoceros defensin, suggesting that this gene is an insect defensin. In an attempt to apply the anti-bacterial peptide to the development of therapeutic agents, a 12-mer peptide amidated at its C-terminus, ACAAHCLAIGRG-$NH_2$ (Ala55-Lys66-$NH_2$, 12Pbn) was synthesized. This peptide showed some antifungal activity against Candida albicans. To increase antifungal activity, six 9-mer peptides were synthesized by modifying amino acid sequences of 12Pbn fragment. Among these peptides, 9Pbm3-9Pbm6 exhibited strong activity compared with Cecropin B and mellitin.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.1004-1012
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the loess dyeability of soybean fabric using loess as colorants. Recent days, various textile products such as inner wears, sheets and interior goods are manufactured using materials dyed with loess emphasizing its improved metabolism, anti-bacterial, deodorizing properties, and far infrared ray emissions. Soybean fabric was dyed with loess solution according to concentration of loess, dyeing temperature and dyeing time. To improve washing fastness, soybean fabric and dyed soybean fabric with loess were mordanted by mordanting agents such as sodium chloride(NaCl), Acetic acid(CH₃COOH) and Aluminium Potassium Sulfate(AlK(SO₄)₂·12H₂O). Dyeability and color characteristics of dyed soybean fabric were obtained by CCM observation. Particle size distribution of loess, the dyeability(K/S) of soybean fabric, morphology and washing durability of loess dyed soybean fabric were investigated. The results obtained were as follows; Mean average diameter of loess was 1.08µm. The main components of loess used in this study were silicon dioxide(SiO₂), aluminium oxide(Al₂O₃), and iron oxide(Fe₂O₃). The content of these three component was above 75 weight %. The dyeability of soybean fabric was increased gradually with increasing concentration of loess. The optimum dyeing temperature and dyeing time were 90℃ and 60minutes expectively. The fastness to washing according to concentration of loess and mordanting method indicated good grade result as more than 4 degree in all conditions.