• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제52권
• /
• pp.133-164
• /
• 2018

이 글은 일본에서 저술된 한국문학사 가운데 항일문학, 친일문학 기술 부분에 주목하여, 항일과 친일을 둘러싼 한국과 일본의 인식차를 살펴보고자 한 것이다. 분석 대상 텍스트는, 일본인의 시각에서 집필된 본격적인 한국근현대문학사라는 평가를 받고 있는 사에구사 도시카쓰의 "한국문학을 맛보다"와 시라카와 유타카의 "조선근대문학의 발자취"이며, 여기에 통시적 시좌의 문학사 저술은 없지만, 한국근현대문학 일본인 연구자의 최전선에 자리하는 오무라 마스오의 인식을 시야에 함께 넣어 조망하였다. 주요 검토 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 일본 저술 한국문학사에는 '친일문학'이라는 프레임이 매우 선명하게 자리하고 있는 점을 들 수 있다. 그것은 중국이나 북한의 관점과 확연하게 구분되는 지점이며, 기본적으로 남한문학사의 서술체계에 따르고 있지만 항일문학과 친일문학에 대한 평가 부분에 이르러서는 남한문학사와 분기점을 이루는 지점이기도 하다. 둘째, 기본적으로 한국문학사의 서술체계를 따르고 있지만, 항일문학이나 친일문학에 대한 기존의 한국 학계의 평가에 끊임없이 의문을 제기하며 다른 방식의 읽기를 시도하고 있는 점이 두드러졌다. 예컨대, 한국 학계에서는 김종한, 이석훈 등에 주목하여 그들의 문학을 높이 평가한다든가, 반대로 한국 학계에서는 중요하게 다루어지고 있는 이광수의 친일적 요소는 크게 중시하고 있지 않는 점이 그러하다. 셋째, 탁월한 일본어 실력을 갖춘 작가나 일본어 창작에 후한 점수를 주고 있는 점이다. 그로 인해, 장혁주, 김사량, 이석훈, 김용제 등을 동일한 '일본어 문학'이라는 자장 안에 녹여냄으로써 각기 다른 친일의 내적 논리를 희석시켜 버리는 한계를 노정한다. 넷째, 김종한이나 이석훈에게서 이광수, 장혁주, 김용제 등 노골적인 친일 협력 문인들과는 다른 내면을 읽어내고자 하는 점이다. 이 같은 특징들은 보다 치밀한 분석을 요하는 부분으로 후속 과제로 이어가고자 한다.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.61-75
• /
• 2012

The historical turbulence between China and Japan started from the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895, and culminated in Japan's invasion of China during World War Two (the Second Sino-Japanese War) between 1937 and 1945. A series of wars caused huge human and material losses in both countries, and both experienced comprehensive transformations during and after the wars. The impact of this historical turbulence is so long-lasting that it still influences both countries' social psyche. Moreover, it continues casting a long shadow upon the current Sino-Japanese relations. The recent turbulence in Sino-Japanese relations partly stems from the historical turbulence. It is much less violent but can also be emotional and worrisome. It started from the early 1980s (the Japanese history textbook controversy in 1982 and the 1985 anti-Japanese student protests in China), and culminated in the anti-Japanese mass demonstrations in multiple Chinese cities in 2005 (Bush 2010; Gries 2005; Reilly 2012; Stockmann 2010; Weiss 2008). In addition to dramatic demonstrations on streets, there are also other forms of movements, such as war reparations movements, in which Chinese war victims demand reparations from the Japanese state and companies (Rose 2005; Xu and Fine 2010; Xu and Pu 2010). Although the tension has existed for many years and surfaced from time to time, the eruption of the nationwide anti-Japanese movements in China in 2005 still shocked many outside observers. Many scholars have tried to explain the anti-Japanese sentiment within current Chinese society that underlies and drives these social movements. Through careful reexamination of the existing literature, this article proposes an explanation for the anti-Japanese sentiment from a perspective that stresses the shifting state-society interaction in China's Japan policy. Specifically, the totalitarian Chinese state's neglect and suppression of genuine social concerns regarding Japan in earlier years, followed by a relatively liberalized state that tolerates societal participation in Sino-Japanese relations, are an importance source of the anti-Japanese sentiment recently observed in China.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제16권9호
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 2018

Purpose - In recent, Japanese retailers have expanded their business into Korea, although Korean customers have anti-Japan sentiment in their mind, It is, thus, necessary to investigate how Korean customers react to Japanese retailers, when selecting a shopping place. Research design, data, and methodology - The authors have developed a research model with five hypotheses, based on the literature review process, and used confirmative factor analysis(CFA) as well as a structural equation model(SEM) as a research technique, in order to verify hypotheses. Results - All of hypotheses are accepted. Anti-Japan sentiment significantly influences consumer ethnocentrism and animosity. Interestingly, consumer ethnocentricity affects the formation process of animosity. Rather than ethnocentrism, animosity relatively influences customer attitudes towards Japanese retailers, when Korean customers choose a retailer. Conclusions - The authors found that anti-Japan sentiment has significantly affected Korean customer attitudes. In order for Japanese retailers to increase their market shares in the Korean market, they have to make a significant effort to alleviate the degree of anti-Japan sentiment, together with Japanese government. In contrast with research findings, Japanese retailers have done their business very well in Korea. Considering that Japanese retailers target younger customers in Korea, demographic elements should be involved in the future research.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제19권10호
• /
• pp.87-97
• /
• 2021

Purpose: Compared with the past when Japanese retailers used to hesitate to open their shops in the Korean market, because of anti-Japan sentiment, they show confidence in Korea in recent. This study, thus, aims at examining how socio-demographic factors have an impact on customer attitudes towards a Japanese retailer as a shopping destination. Research design, data, and methodology: After the literature review process, the authors have developed a variety of questions to verify the relationship amongst the variables like nationalism, consumer ethnocentrism, war animosity, store country-of-origin and anti-Japan sentiment. Furthermore, after collected questionnaires, the authors used confirmative factor analysis (CFA), T test and linear regression analysis to verify the 25 hypotheses developed. Results: Except for a household size element, it is found that gender, age, education and income levels are related to the degree of nationalism, ethnocentrism, war animosity, store country-of-origin and anti-Japan sentiment. In other words, socio-economic elements influenced Korean customer attitudes towards Japanese retailers. Conclusions: Korean customers tend to show different shopping attitudes towards the Japanese retailers, depending on the characteristics of socio-demographic elements. Furthermore, changing socio-demographic factors will provide positive business opportunities for Japanese retailers in the future.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제25권
• /
• pp.213-236
• /
• 2011

The negative symbol of 'American imperialism', which was reinterpreted superimposed on the symbol imposed on Japanese imperialism in the 1945 Liberation of Korea, was more amplified added by the experiences of the bombing and massacre by US troops during the Korean War. In other words, the symbol of the extreme 'American imperialism' in the liberation in which even the role of America contributing to the liberation of Josun had been denied had continued for a long time adhered to and amplified through the war. Thus, unlike the current emphasis laid by North Josun, the assertion in the form of 'American imperialism=Korean wolf' is an idea made from the mixture of fact and fiction combined with the theory of imperialism rediscovered in the liberation and the experience of massacre during the Korean War. And this superimposed symbol for American imperialism naturally causes the problem of being superimposed also on the symbol of North Josun. And the extreme formalization for 'good' and 'bad' sides was based on the dichotomous compositions of beauty and ugliness, good and evil. The ground for saying that an act by a good side is 'unconditionally' legitimate is nowhere found. The anti-American viewpoint rediscovered in such an extreme form results in one aspect of criticism and resemblance as a result of being locked up in the same violence which one has rejected by oneself. The anti-American viewpoint going on in the form of anti-imperialist nationalism leaves nothing except another terrible retaliation for terrible brutality. It is self-evident that one can never get out of the enchanting power of imperialism which North Josun has continuously criticized in a ring of violence and vengeance, the familiar grammar commanded by North Josun literature.

• 영어영문학
• /
• 제64권2호
• /
• pp.219-238
• /
• 2018

This essay examines the first-generation Korean American writer, No-Yong Park's falsehoods about his ethnic identity to suggest how and why he passed for Chinese, and to explore the political, anti-Japanese implications of these actions. The essay first identifies erroneous information circulating about his biographical background, presents some other materials that help us better understand the context in which he forged his Chinese identity, and then examines how he represented himself as Chinese in his published works. I would argue that Park's self-identification as Chinese was a resulting outcome of his naturalization caused by the Japanese colonial power in Korea and also one of his surviving strategies in the racist environment within American society. Looking at some of his works-including Making a New China (1929), An Oriental View of American Civilization (1934), Chinaman's Chance: Autobiography (1940)-and examining how he represented Korea and its people reveal how he tried to raise voice for them. By doing so, this essay illuminates Park's resistance to Japan's colonial discourse and power in Korea while revealing his lifetime passing as Chinese-far from his refusal to belong to the Korean community, or to acknowledge being Korean.

• 영어영문학
• /
• 제58권1호
• /
• pp.163-183
• /
• 2012

This paper is one of those attempts to explore some possibility of agreement between feminist discourse and postcolonial discourses through the approach of postcolonial feminism in the reading of the controversial novel, So Far from the Bamboo Grove and Year of Impossible Goodbyes. So Far from the Bamboo Grove, when read from the perspective of postcolonial feminism, reveals 'domestic nationalism' of imperial narratives in which the violence of imperial history in Korea is hidden behind the picture of every day lives of an ordinary Japanese family and Japanese women. Furthermore, postcolonial feminist's perspective interprets Yoko family's nostalgia for their 'home,' Nanam in Korea, as 'imperialist nostalgia' working as a mask to hide the violent history of colonization of Empire. In this way, postcolonial feminist reading of the story detects the ways the narrative of Empire appropriates women, family image and even nostalgia for childhood. At the same time, this perspective explains the readers' empathy for Yoko family's suffering and the concerning women issues caused by wartime rape and sexual violence by defining Yoko as a woman of Japanese Empire, whose life of interstice between imperial men and colonial men cannot be free from violence of rape during anti colonial wars. Year of Impossible Goodbyes as a counter discourse does not overcome the traditional binary opposition of nationalism which quietens gender and class issues. As an attempt to fill in the interstice between the two perspectives of feminism and postcolonialism. postcolonial feminist reading turns out to be a valid tool for the reading of the two novels chosen here.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
• /
• 제56권1호
• /
• pp.119-150
• /
• 2022

본 연구는 일제강점기 국내 도서관 인프라가 빈약한 상황에서 도서관을 대신하여 널리 활용되었던 순회문고 활동에 대해 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 문헌조사 방법을 실시하였는데, 각종 역사 관련 데이터베이스, 도서관, 아카이브 등을 대상으로 당시의 신문자료, 관보, 잡지 기사, 통계자료, 관련 도서와 연구논문 등을 수집하고 분석하였다. 연구결과, 일제강점기 순회문고의 운영주체는 일제의 중앙행정기관과 지방행정기관을 비롯해 일제 통치를 지원하는 일제 관변단체, 일제에 저항하는 민족주의와 사회주의계열의 항일독립단체, 기타 민간단체와 종교단체 등과 같은 민간단체, 그리고 부립도서관과 사립도서관 등의 공공도서관으로 구분되었다. 본 연구에서는 이 순회문고들을 설치시기, 설치목적, 봉사대상과 봉사권역, 운영방식(운영비, 순회구역, 운영기간, 이용자격, 이용방법, 대출일수와 대출권수, 이용 주의사항 등), 장서의 주제와 장서량 등의 측면에서 분석하였다. 이를 통해 일제강점기에 순회문고는 당시 부족한 도서관 인프라를 보완하는 수단으로 다양한 기관과 단체들에 의해 적극적으로 활용되었음을 확인하였다.

• 복식
• /
• 제65권4호
• /
• pp.109-123
• /
• 2015

The object of this research is to take a bilateral look into cultural exchanges of the Netherlands and Japan through the East India Company and thereby improve the general understanding in regards to the exchanges of costume cultures between the East and the West. The study conducted qualitative analyses on features of contemporary costumes of the Netherlands and Japan from 1602 to 1799 by investigating the secondary sources, such as the histories of costumes, arts, and literature. The results are as follows; the traditional sleeves of the Japanese Kimono were basically cut out in a straight line. However due to the growing popularity of the kimono home gown in Europe, the producers of the kimono in India as well as several other European countries modified them into western-style sleeves. Regarding the costumes of the Netherlands, which were introduced to Japan, the study found that Japan imported Dutch fabrics, instead of specific clothing items. In Japan, costume controls and anti-conspicuous consumption regulations among social classes including a closed-door policy had negative effects on both developments and exchanges of costumes of the country. However, when it comes to the Jinbaori, a costume for ruling classes, Japan was open to using fabrics, patterns and designs of the West. In light of what have been discussed so far, the study confirmed that the costume exchanges between the two countries started long after their first business of the general cultural exchanges. Though it is clear that the advancements in the natural sciences that the Japanese made can be attributed to the West, Japan was one of the nations that impacted the costume cultures in Europe.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 2017

Due to the pursuit of individuality by modern consumers, the day has come when it is hard for design to be sustained solely by external beauty. Accordingly, products with the psychological value and brand stories are appearing, so that products that reinterpret traditional crafts are now being appreciated for their merits. Handmade goods defined as new luxury goods or products of high-quality craftsmanship are being used to enhance the consumer's individual image, and has created an unprecedented consumer stratum structure. Japan is one of the countries that actively applies traditional crafts to contemporary design and this study aims to investigate cases that are being reinterpreted in modern fashion in the theme of Boro, which is not as well known among Japanese traditional crafts. The purpose of this study is to offer basic data for designers by investigating the cases of the reinterpretation of traditional crafts. In addition, in reinterpreting traditional crafts into other fields, it is regarded as a meaningful way to contribute to a variety of other ideas. As the research method, first, the definition and kind of Boro were investigated utilizing the related literature information about the traditional fabric of Boro, which is the starting point and basis of the research. Second, Japanese aesthetic sense defined in the previous research was classified and the relationship of the anti-decorative aesthetic sense and Boro investigated. Third, after classifying the reinterpretation cases of Boro that have appeared in four major fashion collections and designer brands from 2011 to 2016 by the selected aesthetic sense, its characteristics were investigated. The search for examples of the reinterpretation of Boro uses the results of the keyword search of Boro and Boro Fashion via the internet search engine Google from April 2016 to December 2016. In addition, the search results were selected on the basis of whether the designer specified borrowing from Boro or whether Boro on the collection order was included or not. In addition to introducing an unknown fabric craft, this study also raises the methodological problems of the reinterpretation of traditional crafts. Products containing psychological value are expected to come into the spotlight in the upcoming consumer market. Therefore, as a follow-up study, it is suggested to research examples in which various crafts are being applied as products before one knows, how this creates new originality, and the limitations involved in this.