• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.3525-3537
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• 1996

This paper presents a CAD program develpoed on a microcomputer in order to support graphic and computational assessment of ergonomic problems associated with the design of a man-in-cab system. The program is coded to help workspace designers with ergonomic evaluations needed in the design stage. This paper proposed a biomechanical -ergonomic evaluations needed using man and workplace models. The human model is developed to have dimensions obtained from the Korean anthropometric data reported in 1992. Its graphical representation is based on a wire-frame model but, whenever necessary, body segments can be represented by a solid model with hidden line/faces removed and shaded. Workplace models are presented for cabs of the excavator, one of the most popular construction vehicles. A workplace model consists of an operator seat, a steering wheel. two control levers, two pedals, and a control panel. The workplace elements can be modified in their sizes, positions, and orientations by changing the reference point and design parameters. An algorithm for the view test is suggested and loaded to provide a visual evaluaiton of the overall layout of a workplace model.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2003

This study was initiated to develop a methodology for devising Korean virtual models for apparel shopping at internet shopping site. The data base for this study was the Korean National Anthropometric Survey in 1997. The subjects were 493 women and 626 men in 20's. The researchers also measured 88 males and females in age 20's to suggest back and front depth proportions which are not available from the survey. The virtual models' figure types were classified by the heights, drop value and bust(chest) girth. It was evaluated whether it is needed to separate figure type with bust(chest) girth. The body sizes of virtual models were suggested for side view model and front view model in 13cm height. Four female virtual models were suggested for front view and side view. Eight male virtual models were suggested for front view and side view. Each virtual model's height, breadth and depth proportions were calculated. Shoulder breadth. Bust(chest) breadth, waist breadth, hip breadth and proportions were calculated for front view model. The bust(chest) depth, waist depth, abdomen depth, hip depth and proportions were calculated for side view model. Height proportions were suggested for female and male virtual models.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.10-17
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• 1993

An object-oriented database was developed as a framesork for integrating into ergonomic interface models data for workplace modelling and ergonomic evaluation functions as well as basic anthropometric data required to construct a man model. In order to develop an ergonomic man model representing operators that interact with his working evnironments, not only anthro- pometric data but also efficient handling of such data and accurate representation of the work- space are needed as a prerequistite to proper ergonomic evaluation. Most existing man models are not, however, capable of fully utilizing these data due to the lack of a generallized formalism of data handling, which results in system performance degradation or a potential difficulty when the system is upgraded. In this research, these three sets of data with distinct characteristics were incorporated into a comon integrated database required to manipulate an ergonomic interface model fully coupled with the man model itself. An object- oriented scheme was sued for the database design Specifically, UniSQL/X, an object-oriented database management system and the X-window system on SPARC workstation were used for implementation. The ergonomic man model generated from the object-oriented database is found to possess great flexibility and performance compared to existing ergonomic interface models or ergonomic CAD systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.110-117
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• 2007

According to the pedestrian protection regulations of Europe and Japan, the head injury must not exceed a limitation in the defined test condition for the protection of pedestrians from a vehicle crash. However, it is difficult to evaluate the performance of protection because each regulation has different test conditions such as dummy, impact speed and so on. This circumstance needs the development of a model that describes the anthropometry of the crash victim with a sufficient accuracy. We constructed scaled pedestrian dummies using MADYSCALE. Simulations were performed for various crash speeds and pedestrian postures. The scaled Korean dummies and HybridIII dummies were used to compare the pedestrian dynamic behaviors and head injury criteria during the collision. The HIC values of scaled korean dummies were found to be higher than those of Hybrid III dummies. The impact for gait posture was less than that for standing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.150-153
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• 2005

The rifle impact of human body is affected by geometry of human for rifling. The interaction of human-rifle system influence a firing accuracy. In this paper, impact analysis of human model for standing postures with two B.C. carried out. ADAMS code and LifeMOD is used in impact analysis of human model and modeling of the human body, respectively. On the shooting, human model is affected by rifle impact during the 0.001 second. Also, Because Human Natural frequency is 5-200Hz, human impact is considered during 0.2-0.005 sec. Dut to the Firng test, Performed simulation time for shooting is 0.1 second. Applied constraint condition to human-rifle system is rotating and spherical condition. Also, The resulrt of changin the position of the grip is dfferent from the each other. As the results, The human model of firing was built successfully.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.1-9
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• 1993

A human gait study is required for the biomechanical design of running shoes. A tow-dimensional dynamic model was developed in order to analyze lower extremity kinematics and loadings at the right ankle, knee, and hip joints. The dynamic model consists of three segments, the upper leg, the lower leg, and the foot. Each segment was assumed to be a rigid body with one or two frictionless hinge joints. The lower extremity motion was assumed to be planar in the sagittal plane. A young male subject was involved in the gait test and his anthropometric data were measured for the calculation of segement mass and moment of inertia. The experimental data were obtained from three trials of walking at 1.2m/s. The foot-floor reaction data were measured from a Kistler force plate. The kinematic data were acquired using a three-dimensional motion measurement system (Expert Vision) with six markers, five of which were placed on the right lower extremity segments and the rest one was attached to the force plate. Based on the model and experimental data for the stance phase of the right foot, the calculated vertical forces reached up to 492, 540, and 561 N at the hip, knee, ankle joints, respectively. The flexion-extension moments reached up to 155, 119, and 33 Nm in magnitude at the corresponding joints.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.391-397
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• 2021

One of the sustainable development goals is to promote good health and well-being for all people. Child health is a top priority since their health issues can have a detrimental impact on human capital development, which is a critical input for the growth model. This paper applies the health production model to explore the determinants that influence the health of children under the age of five. The results of a survey of 203 households in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, were examined. Child health is measured using anthropometric indicators such as weight-for-age, height-for-age, and weight-for-height (ZWFH). Three separate multinomial logistic models are regressed to examine the drivers of child health as proxied by z-score weight for age, z-score height for age, and z-score weight for height. The significance of input variables relating to a child's attributes, household, and environment was validated by the findings. The inclusion of overweight besides under-nourished indexes is novel because it reflects the current trend of child over-nutrition. The findings of the study highlight the importance of a wide range of initiatives to enhance child health. Moreover, the genetic effect is found to be crowded out by environmental and household factors. The finding verifies that despite their parents' moderate height, the future generation of Vietnamese can achieve the desired height.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.247-253
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish an anthropometric reference of the stomach for gastric cancer surgery and a modeling formula to predict stomach length. Materials and Methods: Data were retrieved for 851 patients who underwent total gastrectomy at the Seoul National University Hospital between 2008 and 2013. Clinicopathological data and measurements from a formalin-fixed specimen were reviewed. The lengths (cm) of the greater curvature (GC) and lesser curvature (LC) were measured. Anthropometric data of the stomach were compared according to age, body weight, height (cm), and body mass index. To predict stomach length, two multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: The mean lengths of the GC and LC were $22.2{\pm}3.1cm$ and $16.3{\pm}2.6cm$, respectively. The men's GC length was significantly greater than the women's ($22.4{\pm}3.1cm$ vs. $21.2{\pm}2.9cm$, P=0.003). Patients aged >70 years showed significantly longer LC than those aged <50 years ($16.9{\pm}2.9cm$ vs. $15.9{\pm}2.4cm$, P=0.002). Patients with body weights >70 kg showed significantly longer GC than those with body weights <55 kg ($23.0{\pm}2.9cm$ vs. $21.4{\pm}3.2cm$, P<0.001). In the predicted models, 4.11% of the GC was accounted for by age and weight; and 4.94% of the LC, by age, sex, height, and weight. Conclusions: Sex, age, height, and body weight were associated with the length of the LC, while sex and body weight were the only factors that were associated with the length of the GC. However, the prediction model was not sufficiently strong.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.831-841
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• 2010

Usability evaluation of physical products involves characterizing complex physical interactions between humans and products. Human models known as manikins have been widely utilized as usability evaluation tools for automobile interior package design. When combined with computer-aided design software programs, such manikins can be used to simulate driving postures and evaluate driver-interior fits early in the design process, and therefore, may greatly facilitate achieving high-quality design in a cost-efficient manner. The purpose of this study was to define a set of manikins for designing automobile interior packages for the South Korean male population. These manikins were conceptualized as "boundary" manikins, which represent individuals lacking in certain physical capacities or having usability-related issues (e.g., an individual with the 5th percentile forward reach capability, an individual with the 95th percentile shoulder width). Such boundary manikins can serve as an efficient tool for determining if an automobile interior design accommodates the majority of the population. The boundary manikins were selected from the large sample of Korean males whose anthropometric dimensions were described in the recent Size Korea anthropometric database. For each male in the database, his comfortable driving posture was represented using a kinematic body linkage model and various physical capacity measured and usability-related characteristics relevant to driver accommodation were evaluated. For each such measure, a boundary manikin was selected among the Korean males. The manikins defined in this study are expected to serve as tools for ergonomic design of automobile interior packages. The manikin selection method developed in this study was implemented as a generic software program useful for various product design applications.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.141-159
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether a mobile health (mhealth) intervention is effective in reducing weight and changing dietary behavior among employees with overweight and obesity. The study also investigated whether engagement with the intervention affected its effectiveness. Methods: The intervention involved the use of a dietary coaching app, a wearable device for monitoring physical activity and body composition, and a messenger app for communicating with participants and an intervention manager. A total of 235 employees were recruited for a 12-week intervention from eight workplaces in Korea. Questionnaire surveys, anthropometric measurements, and 24-h dietary recalls were conducted at baseline and after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, significant decreases in the mean body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference were observed. Furthermore, the consumption frequencies of multigrain rice and legumes significantly increased, whereas those of pork belly, instant noodles, processed meat, carbonated beverages, and fast food significantly decreased compared with those at baseline. The mean dietary intake of energy and most nutrients also decreased after the intervention. When the participants were categorized into three groups according to their engagement level, significant differences in anthropometric data, dietary behaviors, and energy intake were observed following the intervention, although there were no differences at baseline, indicating that higher engagement level led to greater improvements in weight loss and dietary behavior. Conclusions: The intervention had positive effects on weight loss and dietary behavior changes, particularly among employees with higher engagement levels. These results indicate the importance of increasing the level of engagement in the intervention to enhance its effectiveness. The mhealth intervention is a promising model for health promotion for busy workers with limited time.