• 한국가금학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2014

본 연구는 HACCP 제도 발전의 기초 자료로써 활용을 목적으로 국내 15개 산란계 농장을 대상으로 성계 생존율, 피크 산란율, 의약품 및 소독제 사용비 그리고 HACCP 제도의 적용 이유 및 장단점을 적용 전과 후로 나누어 조사하였다. 선정된 농장의 평균 산란계 사육 수수는 152,320으로 국내 평균 산란계 농장 규모보다 다소 크게 나타났으며, 평균 노동력은 10.7명으로 조사되었다. 이를 내국인과 외국인으로 분류하면 내국인은 7.21명(71.14%)이었으며, 외국인은 2.86명(22.86%)이었다. HACCP 제도의 적용 전 피크 산란율은 91.37%, 도입 후에는 91.94%로 통계적 유의성이 없었으며(P>0.05), 성계 생존율도 도입 전 93.13%, 도입 후 93.80%로 유의성을 발견하지 못하였다(P>0.05). 또한, 동물용 의약품 사용비(수/월)는 HACCP 제도의 적용 전 월 평균 35.19원/수로 적용 후 평균 31.21원/수보다 평균 약 3.98원/수 낮았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다(P>0.05). 소독 약품 사용 금액은 HACCP 적용 전 6.72원/수에서 적용 후 8.67원/수로 평균 약 1.95원 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나, 통계적 유의성은 발견하지 못하였다(P>0.05). HACCP 제도 도입 이유의 경우, 1순위는 경쟁력 향상(26.92%), 2순위는 안전한 계란(폐계) 생산(23.43%), 3순위(21.33%)는 체계적인 농장 관리, 4순위 (17.13%)는 높은 계란 값, 5순위는 계란을 구매업체의 요구(6.99%), 6순위는 정부의 재정적 지원(4.20%)인 것으로 조사되었고, HACCP 적용에 따른 장점으로는 1순위는 체계적인 농장 관리(22.39%), 2순위는 농장 관리 직원의 위생 안전에 대한 의식 향상(21.18%), 3순위는 농장의 위생 관리 수준의 향상(15.30%), 4순위는 안전한 계란 생산(15.05%), 5순위는 생산성 향상(7.29%), 6순위와 7순위는 각각 폐사율 감소(6.82%)와 생산비 감소(6.12%)로 조사되었다. 산란계 농장의 HACCP 제도 적용에 따른 어려운 점은 HACCP 기록(43.30%), 의식 변화(22.60%), HACCP 모니터링(11.11%), HACCP 교육 (9.97%), HACCP 검증(6.90%), 직원 변동(6.13%) 순으로 조사되었다. 이상의 모든 결과를 종합해 보면, HACCP 제도의 적용에 따른 산란계 농장의 생산성과 동물용 의약품 사용은 유의성이 없었다. 그러나 소독 약품 사용은 유의성 없이 증가하는 경향을 나타내어, 농장의 질병 예방에 긍정적인 영향을 가져다 줄 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 도출한 산란계 농장 HACCP 제도 도입에 따른 단점을 개선하기 위해서는 향후 정부 및 관련 기관의 지속적인 노력이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.558-569
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• 2020

본 연구는 국내 육계농가의 사육규모 대형화에 따라 정밀축산(PLF)의 관점에서 ICT기반 영상분석기법을 활용하여 사육밀도에 따른 육계의 영역별 머무는 빈도(%)에 대해 평가하고, 일령별 육계의 정상적인 행동패턴을 이해하고자 수행하였다. 경기도 소재 육계농장 내 설치된 시험계사(3.3×2.7 m)에서 Ross308 육계를 공시축으로 이용하였다. 사육 밀도는 각각 9.5 수/㎡ (n=85), 19 수/㎡ (n=170)로 하였으며, 탑뷰(top view) 카메라를 이용해 급이·급수 및 휴식공간 영역별 머무는 빈도(%)를 모니터링 하였다. 사육밀도에 따라 개체 식별된 육계 3수에 대해 일령별(12, 16, 22, 27, 및 29일)로 6시간씩 영상이미지 데이터를 획득하였다. 수집된 영상데이터는 물체 추적(object tracking) 기법으로 초당 30프레임으로 약 64만장의 프레임을 연결하여 누적 이동경로를 기록하여 영역별 머무는 빈도(%)를 수치화하였다. 각 사육밀도에서 영역별 머무는 빈도(%)는 휴식공간, 급이영역, 급수영역 순으로 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다(p<0.001). 사육밀도(9.5 수/㎡)에서는 57.9, 24.2, 17.9%으로 나타났으며, 사육밀도(19 수/㎡)에서는 73.2, 16.8, 10.0%로 나타났다. 결과적으로 ICT기반 영상분석기법을 활용해 육계의 스트레스를 최소화하는 방법으로 사육밀도에 따른 육계의 영역별 머무는 빈도(%)를 평가할 수 있으며, 향후 본 연구결과는 실시간 모니터링을 통한 ICT기반 사양관리 시스템을 개발하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1767-1773
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• 2015

Effects of water-misting sprays with forced ventilation after transport during summer on meat quality, stress parameters, glycolytic potential and microstructures of muscle in broilers were investigated. A total of 105 mixed-sex Arbor Acres broilers were divided into three treatment groups: i) 45-min transport without rest (T group), ii) 45-min transport with 1-h rest (TR group), iii) 45-min transport with 15-min water-misting sprays with forced ventilation and 45-min rest (TWFR group). The results showed the TWFR group significantly increased (p<0.05) initial muscle pH ($pH_i$) and ultimate pH ($pH_u$) and significantly reduced $L^*$ (p<0.05), drip loss, cook loss, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase activity, plasma glucose content, lactate and glycolytic potential when compared with other groups. Microstructure of the muscle from TWFR group broilers under light microscopy showed smaller intercellular spaces among muscle fibers and bundles compared with T group. In conclusion this study indicated water-misting sprays with forced ventilation after transport could relieve the stress caused by transport under high temperature, which was favorable for the broilers' welfare. Furthermore, water-misting sprays with forced ventilation after transport slowed down the postmortem glycolysis rate and inhibited the occurrence of PSE-like meat in broilers. Although rest after transport could also improve the meat quality, the effect was not as significant as water-misting sprays with forced ventilation after transport.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2013

본 연구는 오배자(Galla Rhois, GR)가 이유자돈의 성장과 설사발생에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 100두의 28일령 이유자돈을 무작위적으로 5개의 실험군(NC, 대조군; PC, chlortetracycline 0.3 g/kg feed; GR 1, GR 1.0 g/kg feed; GR 2, GR 2.0 g/kg feed; GR 3, GR 4.0 g/kg feed3)으로 나누어 실험을 수행하였다. 28일 동안 실험군별로 처리한 후, PC, GR 2 그리고 GR 3의 최종 체중과 사료요구율은 NC와 비교하여 통계적으로 유의성 있게 증가하였다(p < 0.05). 또한, PC와 GR를 급여한 모든 군의 일평균증체량과 일평균사료섭취량도 NC와 비교하여 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p < 0.05). 특히, GR 2와 GR 3의 최종 체중, 일일평균증체량, 일평균사료섭취량 그리고 사료요구율은 PC와 비교하여 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 분변지수와 설사지속시간에 있어서, PC와 GR를 급여한 모든 군이 NC와 비교하여 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(p < 0.05). 혈액학적 그리고 혈액생화학적 분석 결과, NC와 GR를 급여한 모든 군들 사이에서 혈액학적 그리고 혈액생화학적 지표값들의 통계학적 유의한 차이가 보이지 않았다. 본 연구결과로부터, GR은 자돈에 있어서 설사발생과 성장증체를 개선시키기 위한 강력한 사료첨가제로 사료된다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.147-163
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• 1994

Agricultural extension programs in Korea had focused mainly on increased production, and the biggest pride of extension was the achievement of rice self-sufficency in 1970s and abundant vegetable and animal production in 1980s. Farming in Korea has changed rapidly in recent years and extension system on commercialized crops have not been satisfactorily developed to mete farmers` demands. Facing the emerging challenges of international competition and trade liberalization for agricultural commodities, the goals of extension should be focused on increased income and the welfare of coral communities. The transfering of agricultural extension educator from central government jobs to local ones has emerged recently under the trends of localization which resulted unstable job environment of extension educator. Intensive pre-service and in-service training of extension workers on current and advanced techologies are essential to upgrade the quality of extension services, and the future directions for professional development of agricultural extension educators in Korea were suggested as follows: 1. Establishing a national network on agricultural extension system to promote exchanges of information among counties and provinces, to conduct meetings and to publish information on agricultural extension. 2. Determining the implications of recent national and global trends on agricultural extension, and strenthening communication at local, national and international levels for an effective extension system in the era of localization, internationalization and globalization; 3. Recognizing the effect of number and quality of extension staff on the impact of extension and providing opportunities development and advancement of extension personnel through education, training, incentives and rewards; 4. Giving a higher priority to agricultural extension in national policies in order to ensure the adequacy of budgetary support and recognition of importance of extension by the ministries concerned and mass communications.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2012

Worldwide trends in animal welfare have resulted in an increased interest in individual management of sows housed in groups within hog barns. Estrus detection has been shown to be one of the greatest determinants of sow productivity. Purpose: We conducted this study to develop a method that can automatically detect the estrus state of a sow by selecting optimal texture parameters from images of a sow's pudendum and by optimizing the number of neurons in the hidden layer of an artificial neural network. Methods: Texture parameters were analyzed according to changes in a sow's pudendum in estrus such as mucus secretion and expansion. Of the texture parameters, eight gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) parameters were used for image analysis. The image states were classified into ten grades for each GLCM parameter, and an artificial neural network was formed using the values for each grade as inputs to discriminate the estrus state of sows. The number of hidden layer neurons in the artificial neural network is an important parameter in neural network design. Therefore, we determined the optimal number of hidden layer units using a trial and error method while increasing the number of neurons. Results: Fifteen hidden layers were determined to be optimal for use in the artificial neural network designed in this study. Thirty images of 10 sows were used for learning, and then 30 different images of 10 sows were used for verification. Conclusions: For learning, the back propagation neural network (BPN) algorithm was used to successful estimate six texture parameters (homogeneity, angular second moment, energy, maximum probability, entropy, and GLCM correlation). Based on the verification results, homogeneity was determined to be the most important texture parameter, and resulted in an estrus detection rate of 70%.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1525-1529
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• 2004

Most of the recently developed robots are human friendly robots which imitate an animal or human such as entertainment robot, bio-mimetic robot and humanoid robot. Interest in these robots are increasing since the social trend is focused on health, welfare, and graying. By these social backgrounds, robots become more human friendly and suitable for home or personal environment. The more bio-mimetic robots resemble living creature, the more human feels familiarity. People feel close friendship not only when they feed a pet, but also when they watch a pet having the food. Most of entertainment robots and pet robots use internal-type batteries and have a self-recharging function. Entertainment robots and pet robots with internal-type batteries are not able to operate during charging the battery. So far there have been a few robots that do not depend on a battery. However, they need a bulky energy conversion unit and a slug or foods as an energy source, which is not suitable for home or personal application. In this paper, we introduce a new bio-mimetic entertainment robot with autonomous feeding functionality, called ELIRO-1(Eating LIzard RObot version 1). The ELIRO-1 is able to find a food (a small battery), feed by itself and evacuate. We describe the design concept of the autonomous feeding mechanism of the ELIRO-1, characteristics of sub-parts of the manufactured mechanism and the control system.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.125-137
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• 2013

This study investigated the conceptual constructs of ethical consumption beliefs and their impacts on the consumer attitudes toward eco-friendly faux leather apparel goods. The mediating roles of perceived consumer effectiveness and apparel environmental knowledge were examined in this research. A survey was conducted on female consumers between the ages of 20 and 50; subsequently, 300 responses were analyzed. The results of this study were follows: 1) The results of factor analysis and the reliability test on ethical consumption beliefs clearly showed factorial structures that include Social Responsibility, Eco-friendly Consumption, Animal Welfare, and Individual Enhancement. 2) The results of the mean scores of ethical consumption beliefs showed that respondents tended to consider Social Responsibility more important than the other three factors. Ethical consumption beliefs showed a significantly positive influence on consumer attitudes toward eco-friendly faux leather apparel products; in addition, Social Responsibility had the highest effect on product attitudes among the four factors of ethical consumption beliefs. 3) The perceived consumer effectiveness and environmental knowledge of apparel had important medicating roles in the relation-ship between ethical consumption beliefs and attitudes towards eco-friendly faux leather apparel products. This study highlighted a potential marketability of eco-friendly faux leather apparel products and that ethical consumption beliefs, perceived consumer effectiveness, and apparel environmental knowledge should be promoted among consumers to increase favorable attitudes towards these products.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.611-625
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• 2000

For the improvement of quality control of laboratory mouse, we investigated the environmental condition, histopathological findings and serological test using ELISA to mouse hepatitis virus(MHV), Mycoplasma pulmonis(MP), Clostridium piliforme(TZ) and Sendai virus (HVJ) of ICR, C57BL/6, CBA and C3H/He mice that were supplied from conventional laboratory animal facility. 1. The ammonia concentration of facility was below the recommended concentration, 15ppm, by the KNIH, and the room temperature($21{\sim}23^{\circ}C$) and relative humidity(40~60%) was optimum range recommend by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, respectively. 2. The incidence rate of inapparent disease was 86.6% and the major findings in the liver were vacuolar degeneration with nucleic pleomorphism. The lung was shown the thickening of alveolar wall and interstitial pneumonia with congestion. The kidney and spleen were observed the mild congestion and extramedullary hematopoiesis, respectively. 3. The positive reaction rates against MHV and MP in serological test was 97.9% and 37.5%, respectively but HVJ and TZ were negative. These results suggest that laboratory mice could be infected with MHV and MP under conventional environments. Therefore we recommend to select thoroughly inapparent infected mice and to convert conventional system into SPF facility as soon as possible.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1255-1255
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• 2001

The study used 356 veal calf meat samples received from Finland (n=16), France (n=109), Italy (n=81) and The Netherlands (n=150). Calves were raised under experimental protocols that compared feeding and housing practices normally used in each county to treatments aiming at improving animal welfare. Samples were taken at the $8^{th}$ rib of Longissimus thoracis muscle 24h after slaughter, They were kept refrigerated ( $2-4^{\circ}C$) under vacuum package for 6d and then frozen ($-20^{\circ}C$) until meat quality evaluation. Measurements included pH, color (Hunter Lab system), shear force, chemical composition (DM, Ash, Ether Extract, collagen and haematin content), weight and area cooking losses and a sensory evaluation by a group of panelists. A sample of meat was ground with a blade mill and scanned in duplicate between 1100 and 1498 nm (FOSS NIR Systems 5000). WinISI software was used to develop a discriminating equation using NIR spectra (SNV-detrend, derivative=1, gap=4nm, smooth=4nm). The Proc ANOVA and DISCRIM of SAS were used for all the laboratory determinations. County of production had a significant (P<0.01) effect on all the parameters. However, discriminant analysis using any or few laboratory parameters resulted in great errors of county classification. A more accurate (98.8%) classification was obtained only when using all the laboratory parameters. NIRS classified correctly 354 of the 356 samples (99.4%). Provided with a larger data set, NIRS could be used to identify country of production of veal meat.