• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.792-806
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• 2024

This study aimed to confirm the applicability of the new nitrogen (N₂) gas stunning method in the broiler slaughtering process by comparing the meat and small intestine quality following different stunning methods (electrical, carbon dioxide (CO₂), N₂, and halal). Four treatments were compared: (i) electrical stunning (Elec), (ii) 80% CO₂ gas stunning (CO₂-gas), (iii) 98% N₂ gas stunning (N₂-gas), and (iv) the non-stunning method (halal). N₂ gas stunning (98%) and the halal method were conducted at the pilot plant abattoir of the national institute of animal science, Korea, and electrical and 80% CO₂ stunning were performed on the nearest commercial slaughter house. Meat pH_24h, color (lightness, redness and yellowness), proximate composition, water holding capacity (WHC), cooking loss, and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) were measured, and in the small intestine, pH_24h, color, thickness, and WBSF were measured. The Elec treatment showed high lightness, yellowness, and low redness in both meat and the small intestine, indicated by a pale color; the CO₂-gas treatment showed high redness, low lightness, and low yellowness, and the coloration of meat from the N₂-gas treatment was intermediate between Elec and CO₂-gas. For other quality traits, the N₂-gas showed good results and was between Elec and CO₂-gas. Additionally, severe stress (low pH in both meats), low WHC in meat, and cracked small intestine with numerous apertures were observed in the CO₂-gas, and pale colored hemorrhagic breast meat was found in the Elec. Therefore, in view of animal welfare and quality traits of meat and the small intestine, 98% N₂ gas can be considered in broiler stunning.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1047-1062
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• 2009

Nowadays, ethical consumers are increasing and they consider social values such as worker's human rights, environment and animal's welfare as key criteria in purchasing products. This study focused on the academic and practical research of ethical consumption, in which the needs and interests are now growing globally. This study addressed the concept, trend and practices of ethical consumption as well as seeking methods to support and promote ethical consumption. It examined the concept and types of ethical consumption from the perspective of the philosophy on ethical consumption. Ethical consumption was defined as a behavior that intended to improve the environment and the welfare of people and animals by purchasing products produced according to sound ethical principles and avoiding products that are made through the exploitation or the damage of people, animals and the environment. It also dealt with the practices of ethical consumption such as the fair trade movement, Clean Clothes Campaign, boycott, local food movement, animal's welfare movement. In conclusion, I suggested that consumers, companies, governments, and NGOs should make an effort to promote ethical consumption.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2015

A total of 11,395 animals were impounded in shelters in Seoul in 2013. The Animal Protection Division of the Seoul metropolitan government has annual contracts with local veterinary associations as well as Korean animal rescue and management organizations for providing shelter to animals, and collects monthly statistics from these groups. In 2013, the collected intake and outcome data for 25 districts were reviewed to analyze shelter capacity in terms of housing capacity (monthly daily average intake, required holding capacity, and adoption-driven capacity), staff capacity (staff hours required for daily care), and live release rate. Seasonal variations in the monthly daily average intake were observed, indicating that management of these shelters requires various strategies. This study was performed to analyze and interpret meaningful statistics for improving the efficiency of animal shelters in Seoul. However, inconsistent collection of animal statistics limited data compilation. Creation of a basic animal statistics matrix with reference to well-designed matrices from recognized professional animal shelters is essential. These complied statistical data will help plan for future animal shelter needs in Seoul.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.1207-1214
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• 2017

Since the industrialization of swine production in the late 1900s, swine farms in the United States, as well as in Europe, have largely become consolidated. Pig farms became larger in size but fewer in number, with 91% of market pigs being produced by large operations with 5,000 or more pigs on-site in the US, and only 3% of the total utilized agricultural land representing organic farming. Such change in the market made it difficult for small farmers to stay competitive, forcing them to find alternative ways to reduce the cost of production and increase profit using the outdoor production system. In contrast to the indoor confinement system, outdoor production system uses pasture-based units and/or deep-bedded hoop structures that promote animal welfare and environmental sustainability with a lower capital investment. In accord with the growing concern for animal and environmental welfare and food safety by the consumers, small farmers practicing an outdoor production system are seeing increased opportunities for marketing their products in the pork niche market. Unlike the general belief that the reproductive and growth performance measures of the outdoor sows and piglets are poorer in comparison with the animals reared indoors, studies showed that there was no significant difference in the performance measures, and some traits were even better in outdoor animals. Improved reproductive and production traits can increase the sustainability of outdoor farming. Present study reviewed the recent studies comparing the performance measures, meat quality and health of indoor and outdoor animals, as well as the efforts to improve the outdoor production system through changes in management such as hut types and breed of animals.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

This paper aims to critically analyse and synthesise existing knowledge concerning the use of environmental enrichment and its effect on behavior, physiology and performance of pigs housed in intensive production systems. The objective is also to provide clarity as to what constitutes successful enrichment and recommend when and how enrichment should be used. Environmental enrichment is usually understood as an attempt to improve animal welfare and to a lesser extent, performance. Common enrichment objects used are straw bedding, suspended ropes and wood shavings, toys, rubber tubings, colored plastic keys, table tennis balls, chains and strings. These substrates need to be chewable, deformable, destructible and ingestible. For enrichment to be successful four goals are essential. Firstly, enrichment should increase the number and range of normal behaviors; secondly, it should prevent the phenomenon of anomalous behaviors or reduce their frequency; thirdly, it should increase positive use of the environment such as space and fourthly it should increase the ability of the animals to deal with behavioral and physiological challenges. The performance, behavior and physiology of pigs in enriched environments is similar or in some cases slightly better when compared with barren environments. In studies where there was no improvement, it should be borne in mind that enriching the environment may not always be practical and yield positive results due to factors such as type of enrichment substrates, duration of provision and type of enrichment used. The review also identifies possible areas that still need further research, especially in understanding the role of enrichment, novelty, breed differences and other enrichment alternatives.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.381-391
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• 1999

During the last 20 years, transgenic animal technology has provided revolutionary new opportunities in many aspects of agriculture and biotechnology. Several gene delivery systems including pronuclear injection, retroviral vectors, sperm vectors, and somatic cell cloning have developed for making transgenic animals. In the future major improvements in transgenic animal generation will be mainly covered by somatic cell cloning technology. Many factors affecting integration frequency and expression of the transgenes should be overcome to facilitate the industrial applications of transgenic technology. Transgenic animal technology has settled down in some areas of the biotechnology, especially the mass production of valuable human proteins and xenotransplantation. In the 21st century animal biotechnology will further contribute to welfare of human being.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.234-238
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• 1998

Two experiments were conducted with broiler chickens to determine cage floor preferences, the strength of preference for a particular floor type and to evaluate the effect of rearing broilers on the preferred cage floor on productivity. In experiment 1, chicks when offered free access to either wire (WF) or plastic (PF) mesh flooring, preferred the former. However, when the perferred floor type (WF) was illuminated at 800 lux, birds spent longer time on PF. Also provision of incandescent lamps at PF resulted in broilers spending significantly longer period on WF. In experiment 2, while floor type had no effect on growth of female chicks throughout the duration of study, male chicks grown on PF were heavier than their WF counterparts on Days 21, 28, 35 and 42. Neither livability, nor incidence of breast blisters and leg deformities was affected by floor type.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.79-82
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• 2009

A new species of bryozoan, Bicellariella fragilis n. sp. is reported from Jejudo Island, Korea. It was collected at Munseom I. and Supseom I. off Seogwipo city by the fishing net and SCUBA diving from 1978 to 2009. The new species has characteristics of four to five dorso-distal spines and two proximal spines, whereas ten to twelve spines of B. sinica are not separated into two groups of the distal and proximal ones. And this species shows the difference from B. levinseni in having no avicularium.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.19-40
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• 2009

Seventy-one species of the order cheilostomatous bryozoans are reported from coasts of southern Korea. Among them, Callpora inaviculata and Integripelta meta are described as new species and the following eight species are reported as new records of Korea: Membranipora irregulata, Tegella crenulata, Beania regularis, Celleporaria brunnea, Exochella tricuspis, Calyptotheca parcimunita, Microporella borealis, Celleporina rostellata.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2005

Rapid urbanization and social development have brought about changes in family structure. In urbanized areas, recently the number of dogs that are a majority of companion animals has increased significantly in Korea. Consequently, a lot of friction between the general public who are not fond of dogs and dog owners in public places such as parks has been happening. A lot of countries that are taking a lead role in animal welfare have built dog parks that the general public and dogs can enjoy together. This research starts with the realization that the concept of 'dog park' needs to be introduced in Korea as more and more Koreans own dogs and other pets. This research aims to provide guidance for dog park planning by drawing planning items and analyzing the needs of each item. Total 56 planning items including dog zone, dog playground, and dog training facility, are drawn in this research. There are differences in the needs according to sex, age and the amount of time they spent with their dogs, however overall there is the highest needs in separated area for dogs in parks.