• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.687-688
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• 2023

Bone age assessment is a crucial task in pediatric radiology for assessing growth and development in children. In this paper, we explore the potential of Vision Transformer, a state-of-the-art deep learning model, for bone age assessment using X-ray images. We generate heatmap outputs using a pre-trained Vision Transformer model on a publicly available dataset of hand X-ray images and show that the model tends to focus on the overall hand and only the bone part of the image, indicating its potential for accurately identifying the regions of interest for bone age assessment without the need for pre-processing to remove background noise. We also suggest two methods for extracting the region of interest from the heatmap output. Our study suggests that Vision Transformer holds great potential for bone age assessment using X-ray images, as it can provide accurate and interpretable output that may assist radiologists in identifying potential abnormalities or areas of interest in the X-ray image.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.497-503
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• 2011

In order to enhance bioactive functionalities of ginseng, an acid impregnation processing was applied as a pre-treatment in producing red ginseng. Acid impregnation studies were conducted, and acids (ascorbic, malic, and citric acid) were selected. The optimal concentration of each acid was investigated in this study in terms of ginsenoside contents. The most concerned ginsenoside, $Rg_3$ was increased by ascorbic, malic, and citric acid pre-treated red ginseng up to 1 M acid concentration. In the case of ascorbic acid pre-treated red ginseng, $Rg_2$ concentration was increased depending on acid concentrations. Citric acid pre-treatment enhanced $Rg_2$, $Rg_3$, and $Rh_1+Rh_2$ formation in red ginseng. Therefore, ginsenoside patterns in red ginseng could be changed by acid impregnation pre-treatment depending on acid concentration and acid types. This research is expected to contribute to the development of the ginseng industry via new red ginseng products with selective and intensified functionality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.439-443
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• 2008

We investigate the mechanical behavior of a pre-heat treated steel of ESW95, which is being used for automotive parts including tie-rods to save manufacturing cost and enhance product quality. SCM435 is also investigated to reveal the characteristics of the pre-heat treated steel tested. AFDEX/MAT is used to extract the true stress-strain curve over the large strain with higher accuracy. It has been found that ESW95 has very week strain-hardening behavior which can be negligible compared with SCM435 and that the initial yield strength is quite high and the toughness of ESW95 reaches nearly 75% of SCM435. ESW95 is characterized by the weak strain-hardening behavior and high yield strength that can be lead to minimization of post-processing including heat treatment and straightening. ESW95 and SCM435 are also compared by applying them to ball-stud forging by computer simulation. It is expected that a great deal of change may take place in production as well as in service if the pre-heated steels are adopted.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose Intelligent Driver Assistance System (I-DAS) for driver safety. The proposed system recognizes safety and danger status by analyzing blind spots that the driver cannot see because of a large angle of head movement from the front. Most studies use image pre-processing such as face detection for collecting information about the driver's head movement. This not only increases the computational complexity of the system, but also decreases the accuracy of the recognition because the image processing system dose not use the entire image of the driver's upper body while seated on the driver's seat and when the head moves at a large angle from the front. The proposed system uses a convolutional neural network to replace the face detection system and uses the entire image of the driver's upper body. Therefore, high accuracy can be maintained even when the driver performs head movement at a large angle from the frontal gaze position without image pre-processing. Experimental result shows that the proposed system can accurately recognize the dangerous conditions in the blind zone during operation and performs with 95% accuracy of recognition for five drivers.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.10B no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2003

Data mining plays an important role in a knowledge discovery process and various algorithms of data mining can be selected for the specific purpose. Most of traditional hierachical clustering methode are suitable for processing small data sets, so they difficulties in handling large data sets because of limited resources and insufficient efficiency. In this study we propose a hybrid neural networks clustering technique, called PPC for Pre-Post Clustering that can be applied to large data sets and find unknown patterns. PPC combinds an artificial intelligence method, SOM and a statistical method, hierarchical clustering technique, and clusters data through two processes. In pre-clustering process, PPC digests large data sets using SOM. Then in post-clustering, PPC measures Similarity values according to cohesive distances which show inner features, and adjacent distances which show external distances between clusters. At last PPC clusters large data sets using the simularity values. Experiment with UCI repository data showed that PPC had better cohensive values than the other clustering techniques.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.96.6-96
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• 2002

In this study an image processing system is designed and developed, which can detect and assort some defects on the surface of an object moving with high speed. For real time surface detection of high speed moving object, the fast processing should be managed and the image information including some surface features should be captured. It is difficult to acquire the noise free image due to various light sources and high speed moving materials under the environment of the general industrial site. In general, because pre-processing methods are employed for getting a noise free feature, the image processing speed has some limitation and the expensive image processing devices are required. This...

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.362-369
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• 2020

In this study, elastoplastic finite element analysis with multi-body treatment was used to elucidate the mechanical phenomena occurring from pre-stressing of die-system. A finite element analysis model with detailed conditions is proposed. The effects of die pre-stressing slope on the circumferential components of the pre-stressed die inserts were evaluated. The role of tight fitting between the supporter and die case was also emphasized because it has a significant effect on the undesirable change in the target slope of machined inner surface of the die case around the die insert. The two mechanical problems include the one between die-insert and die case and the other between supporter and die case, and their correlation is minimized to establish the optimum design in the die structural design stage because it cannot be quantitatively controlled owing to various factors affecting the die structural behavior during die pre-stressing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.141-142
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• 1999

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.276-281
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• 2019

Food printers must use food ink cartridges approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS). A 2D bar code is used to read whether the ink cartridge is authentic. However, since the dye is diverged by heat pressure and printed, the barcode is contaminated. In this paper, we propose a pre-processing algorithm to solve the problem of barcode contamination by food coloring dust in a latte art printer. The algorithm is based on various morphological operations. We apply this algorithm before reading contaminated barcode images with a general QR code reader. It has been confirmed that, as compared with the existing QR code reader, the contamination rate that can be perceived is increased from 25% to 40% and even at a contamination rate of 45%, the recognition rate reaches 50%.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.532-539
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• 2003

The paper proposes a pre-processing method for efficient processing of XML queries in information retrieval systems with a large amount of XML documents. For the pre-processing, we use a signature-based approach. In the conventional (flat document-based) information retrieval systems, user queries consist of keywords and boolean operators, and thus signatures are structured in a flat manner. However, in XML-based information retrieval systems, the user queries have the form of path query. Therefore, the flat signature cannot be effective for XML documents. In the paper, we propose a structured signature for XML documents. Through experiments, we evaluate the performance of the proposed method.