• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.229-236
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• 2007

Clinical therapist use neurological examination to acquire the necessary information from the patients who is neurological damaged. It is necessary to have enough neurological knowledge and clinical experience to collect useful data. Neurological disease of symptom is well correspond with anatomical location and function, therefore neurological examination is one of the powerful tool to diagnosis. These tools will be a great help to clinical therapist to evaluate the patients and helps to select most pertinent treatment approach to patients. Neurological examination can classified and evaluate with Mental Status Examination, Cranial Nerves Examination, Motor and Sensory System Examination, Reflexes, Gait and Station Evaluation, Special Maneuver. Generally, various neurological examination tools are used by therapist in clinical field. Understanding of method of Neurological examination tools and understanding of result of examination from patients's response is very important. Therefore, this research will help to understand clinical meaning by neurological examination.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2018

Brachial plexus schwannomas are rare tumors. They are benign nerve sheath tumors and only about 5% of Schwannoma arise from the brachial plexus. Due to its rarity and complex anatomical location they can pose a formidable challenge to surgeons. We present a case of a young patient who presented with an supraclavicular swelling three months, that were proven to be schwannoma on histopathology.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.35-38
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• 2001

Two cases of spontaneous auricular chondritis were reported in SD rats in a 13-week toxicity study. At necropsy, pinna of each rats had fm, irregular nodules. Based on the anatomical location and histopathological features of the lesion, the disease was diagnosed as auricular chondritis.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.353-359
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• 2000

Location of the neurons in the lateral reticular nucleus projecting to dorsal horn of the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar spinal cord was investigated in the rat using the technique of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. The projection was bilateral with ipsilateral predominance. Neurons projecting to the cervical spinal cord were located near the medial, dorsal, and lateral perimeter of the magnocellular division of the lateral reticular nucleus, whereas cells projecting to the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord were localized in the medial and dorsal boundaries of the magnocellular division. The labeled neurons were distinctly multipolar in shape and measured approximately 10-15 $\mu m$ in their greatest transverse diameter. A few neurons were also observed in the subtrigeminal nucleus, whereas few cells were in the parbocellular division. These observations provide an anatomical substrate for the functional implication of the lateral reticular nucleus in the regulation of spinal nociceptive transmission and vascular hemodynamics via the descending pathway into the spinal cord.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.406-413
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• 2021

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is an extragonadal germ cell tumor (GCT) that develops in the fetal and neonatal periods. SCT is a type I GCT in which only teratoma and yolk sac tumors arise from extragonadal sites. SCT is the most common type I GCT and is believed to originate through epigenetic reprogramming of early primordial germ cells migrating from the yolk sac to the gonadal ridges. Fetal SCT diagnosed in utero presents many obstetrical problems. For high-risk fetuses, fetal interventions (devascularization and debulking) are under development. Most patients with SCT are operated on after birth. Complete surgical resection is the key for tumor control, and the anatomical location of the tumor determines the surgical approaches. Incomplete resection and malignant histology are risk factors for recurrence. Approximately 10-15% of patients have a tumor recurrence, which is frequently of malignant histology. Long-term surveillance with monitoring of serum alpha fetoprotein and magnetic resonance imaging is required. Survivors of SCT may suffer anorectal, urological, and sexual sequelae later in their life, and comprehensive evaluation and care are required.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.155-156
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• 2009

In this paper we present 3D image analysis of liver and blood vessels using MDCT. The purpose is to enhance the performance of clinician in assessing anatomical information of liver and blood vessels. The system consists of two parts: 3D image reconstruction and analysis of the 3D liver and blood vessel image. The central vein of the liver is the most important blood vessel for the liver transplantation. We will find the central vein's location and characteristic, and will scheme out a computer assistant liver transplantation planning. It will be an effective tool for interventional radiology, surgical planning, and quantitative diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.59-62
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• 2022

Ductal papillomas are rare benign lesions of the salivary glands with two distinctive types, intraductal and inverted. The rarest anatomical location where intraductal papillomas occur is the major salivary glands. In the present study, we report an intraductal papilloma of the left sublingual gland with the relevant clinical, imaging, and histopathological findings and postoperative follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the fourth case of an intraductal papilloma of a sublingual gland to be reported in the international literature. We present this rare case because of its clinical and radiological imitation of a ranula.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.109-132
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• 2023

Lymphatic disorders encompass a broad spectrum of diseases involving the lymphatic system, ranging from traumatic lymphatic leaks to lymphatic malformations. Lymphatic disorders can be categorized into traumatic and non-traumatic disorders according to their etiology. These two categories may be further divided into subgroups depending on the anatomical location of the lymphatic pathology and their association with clinical syndromes. Thoracic duct embolization was a milestone in the field of lymphatic intervention that encouraged the application of percutaneous embolization techniques to treat leaks and reflux disorders in the lymphatic system. Additional access routes for embolization, including retrograde thoracic duct and transhepatic lymphatic access, have also been developed. This article comprehensively reviews a variety of options for the treatment of lymphatic disorders, from conservative management to the most recent embolization techniques.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.183-190
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• 2015

Purpose: The Lauren classification system is a very commonly used pathological classification system of gastric adenocarcinoma. A recent study proposed that the Lauren classification should be modified to include the anatomical location of the tumor. The resulting three types were found to differ significantly in terms of genomic expression profiles. This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of the modified Lauren classification (MLC). Materials and Methods: A total of 677 consecutive patients who underwent curative gastrectomy from January 2005 to December 2007 for histologically confirmed gastric cancer were included. The patients were divided according to the MLC into proximal non-diffuse (PND), diffuse (D), and distal non-diffuse (DND) type. The groups were compared in terms of clinical features and overall survival. Multivariate analysis served to assess the association between MLC and prognosis. Results: Of the 677 patients, 48, 358, and 271 had PND, D, and DND, respectively. Their 5-year overall survival rates were 77.1%, 77.7%, and 90.4%. Compared to D and PND, DND was associated with significantly better overall survival (both P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that age, differentiation, lympho-vascular invasion, T and N stage, but not MLC, were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. Multivariate analysis of early gastric cancer patients showed that MLC was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (odds ratio, 5.946; 95% confidence intervals, 1.524~23.197; P=0.010). Conclusions: MLC is prognostic for survival in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, in early gastric cancer. DND was associated with an improved prognosis compared to PND or D.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.53-55
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• 2006

Background and Objectives: The purposes of this study are to find out clinical causes, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in relation to anatomical location of laryngeal cyst. Subjects and Method: A retrospective study of medical records was carried out for 170 patients with cysts on vocal cord, epiglottis, vallecula, arytenoid and aryepiglottic fold. Results: There were 83 cases of epiglottic cysts, 41 cases of vallecular cysts, 35 cases of intracordal cysts, 3 cases of arytenoid cysts and 2 cases of aryepiglottic cysts. Laryngeal cysts were more common in men than in women, and the ratio between men and women was 2:1. The age of patients ranged from 7 to 90 years, with their average age being 52 years. The most common symptom was voice change at intracordal cysts and globus sensation at vallecular and epiglottic cysts. The most common cause of intracordal cysts were voice abuse. But other location of laryngeal cysts doesn't have common causes. The average size of cysts was 0.3cm at vocal cord, 1.43cm at epiglottis, 1.4cm at vallecula, 0.9cm at arytenoid and 1cm at aryepiglottis. Recurrence was observed in 7 cases from 1 months to 18 months following the operation. Size of all recurred cysts was over the average. Conclusion: Physicians should be aware of changes in clinical patterns of laryngeal cysts according to location and have long follow-up period at large cysts after operation.