• Title/Summary/Keyword: anaerobic digestion process

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Evaluation of a Thermophilic Two-Phase Anaerobic Digestion Coupled with Membrane Process for Garbage Leachate Treatment (음식물 탈리액 처리를 위한 막결합형 고온 2상 혐기성 소화 공정의 평가)

  • Lee, Eun-Young;Jun, Duk-Woo;Lee, Sang-Hwa;Bae, Jae-Ho;Kim, Jeong-Hwan;Kim, Young-O
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.21-27
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    • 2012
  • This study evaluated the performance of a thermophilic two-phase anaerobic digestion (TTPAD) coupled with membrane process treating garbage leachate. The pilot-scale treatment system is consisted of thermophilic acidogenic reactor (TAR) and thermophilic methanogenic reactor (TMR) coupled with an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane unit. The hydraulic retention time of TAR and TMR were 4 and 20 days, respectively. Effluent TCOD and SCOD of the TTPAD were $25\;{\pm}\;6\;and\;12\;{\pm}\;3$ g/L, respectively, and the corresponding TCOD and SCOD removal efficiencies were 77% and 81%, respectively. Propionate was major acids as 75% in the effluent. Scum formation was not observed in TTPAD, which might be resulted from complete lipid degradation. However, TTPAD was appeared to be sensitive to free ammonia toxicity. The UF membrane was operated with constant pressure filtration at average TMP 1.3 atm. Permeate flux had a range of 15-30 $L/m^2/hr$. With UF membrane, TCOD removal increased from 77% to 93%, and this SS free effluent would be beneficial to subsequent processes such as ammonia stripping.

Process Technologies of Reforming, Upgrading and Purification of Anaerobic Digestion Gas for Fuel Cells (연료전지에의 적용을 위한 혐기성 소화가스의 정제, 고질화 및 메탄개질 기술)

  • BAE, MINSOO;LEE, JONGYEON;LEE, JONGGYU
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.135-143
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    • 2016
  • Biogas is a renewable fuel from anaerobic digestion of organic matters such as sewage sludge, manure and food waste. Raw biogas consists mainly of methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and water. Biogas may also contain other impurities such as siloxanes, halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons. Efficient power technologies such as fuel cell demand ultra-low concentration of containments in the biogas feed, imposing stringent requirements on fuel purification technology. Biogas is upgraded from pressure swing adsorption after biogas purification process which consists of water, $H_2S$ and siloxane removal. A polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell power plant is designed to operate on reformate produced from upgraded biogas by steam reformer.

Methane Production Using Peel-type Fruit Wastes and Sewage Sludge in Batch Anaerobic Digestion Process (껍질 형태의 과일폐기물과 하수슬러지를 이용한 회분식 혐기 소화공정에서 메탄 생산)

  • Jeong, Tae-Young;Lee, Jong Hak;Chung, Hyung-Keun;Cha, Hyung Joon;Choi, Suk Soon
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.542-546
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    • 2009
  • Methane production using the mixed organic wastes of peel-type fruit wastes from apple or orange and sewage sludge was investigated in the batch anaerobic degradation process. When apple or orange peels with sewage sludge were used as mixed substrates, higher methane production was achieved under the condition of 3 : 7 (fruit peel : sewage sludge) mixing ratio. However, above the 3 : 7 mixing ratio, the pH of mixture was decreased from 8.0 to 4.5~4.7 due to organic acid production from the fruit wastes. Subsequently, methane production was low. The results in this study could be effectively applied to the methane gas production system as a bioenergy in the mixed batch anaerobic digestion process using the peel-type fruit wastes and sewage sludge.

A Study on the Treatment of Distillery Wastewater by Single-phase and Two-phase Anaerobic Digestion (단상(單相) 및 2상(相) 혐기성(嫌氣性) 소화(消化)에 의한 주정폐수(酒精廢水) 처리(處理)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Choung, Young Kyoo;Rah, Seung Woo;Park, Joon Hwan
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.5-12
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    • 1993
  • The objectives of this paper are to present data to illustrate how an advanced digestion process, two-phase digestion, can provide superior performance in terms of waste stabilization efficiency and net energy recovery. As the result, it is possible to separate enrichment cultures of acidogenic and methanogenic organisms in isolated environments by kinetic control involving manipulation of dilution rates. In single-phase digestion process, HRT and COD loading for effective operation were 14.29 days and 2.33kg $COD/m^3$ day, but two-phase digestion may be conducted efficiently at 7 days of HRT and 5.71kg $COD/m^3$ day of loading. Data from this studies showed that the two-phase process is better than single-phase digestion under all test conditions when compared on the bases of gas yield and production rate, reductions of COD and VS, buffer capacity, and unconverted volatile acids in the effluent.

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Treatment of Tapioca Starch Wastewater By Anaerobic Digestion Coupled With Membrane Separation Process (혐기성 소화 및 막분리에 의한 Tapioca 전분의 폐수처리)

  • ;S. Vigneswaran
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.135-141
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    • 1991
  • This study thus looks into two treatment processess : i) Anaerobic digester coupled with hollow fibre membrane unit. Treatment of starch waste with anaerobic digester-membrane system was studied. $0.17\m^2$ area of hollow fibre membrane unit of known pore size was immersed into laboratory-scale anaerobic digestion system. The pore size of membrane was varied from 0.03 to $\0.15mu$m. The hydraulic retention time of anaerobic digester was varied from 1.5 to 10 days. The effect of hydraulic retention time on treatment efficiency was significant while effect of membrane size was not significant. The gas production was about 0.74㎥/kg COD treated. The COD removal efficient was about 80-95% depending on the hydraulic retention time. ii ) Crossflow ultrafiltration as post treatment to anaerobic filter. The effluent from anaerobic filter, which had a total COD in the range of 4,500-5,200 mg/L was treated by crossflow ultrafiltration units. The study conducted with different membrane pore size indicated that membrace with 1,000,000 molecular weight cut-off size gave a higher COD removal efficiency in the range of 83-87% while giving a study flux of $120-130 L/\m^2$.h. A study was conducted to see the long term clogging effect of membrane also.

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Biogas Resource from Foodwaste Leachate Using UASB(Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) (UASB를 이용한 음폐수의 Biogas 자원화)

  • Min, Boo-Ki;Lee, Chang-Hyun;Kim, Jae-Yong
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.28-34
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    • 2012
  • In this study, we operated a UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) reactor by using foodwaste leachate as a raw material with the method of Mesophilic Digestion ($35{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$) and Thermophilic Digestion ($55{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$). During 20 days of operating time with the Mesophilic Digestion, the recirculation ratio of effluent was stepwisely changed in every five days. Thermophilic Digestion was carried out at the same condition for Mesophilic Digestion. Results showed that the organic removal efficiency of Mesophilic Digestion was over 90% and the yield of methane production was from 66 up to 70%. The organic removal efficiency of Thermophilic Digestion was over 80% and the yield of methane production was between 62 to 68%. Also, when UASB reactor was operating to over the 3Q effluent recirculation, the experiment could be carried out economically and stably.

Study of optimal reduction plan for wastewater sludge generated from oil refinery (정유 공장에서 발생된 폐수 슬러지의 최적 감량화 방안 연구)

  • Choi, Jae-Woo;Jung, Jong-Min;Shim, Natalia;Lee, Sang-Hyup;Park, Cheol-Hee
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.395-406
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    • 2010
  • In this study, anaerobic digestion, electro-oxidation and electro-fenton oxidation processes were investigated to reduce oily refinery sludge. Anaerobic digestion process was not suitable for oily activated sludge reduction because of characteristics itself and, as experimental results revealed, reduction efficiency was low for electro-oxidation process. However, 40% total suspended solid reduction of oily activated sludge was obtained by electro-fenton oxidation process, operating at pH=1, 0.5 A and $Fe^{2+}$:$H_2O_2$ ratio = 1:30. In addition, higher reduction efficiency was obtained as reaction time was increased (30, 60, 90, 120 min) despite of low $H_2O_2$ concentration. From the results, it has been investigated that electro-fenton oxidation is efficient process for oily activated sludge reduction.

Pretreatment of Waste-activated Sludge for Enhancement of Methane Production (메탄발효 효율향상을 위한 하.폐수 슬러지의 전처리 기술)

  • NamKung, Kyu-Cheol;Jeon, Che-Ok
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.362-372
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    • 2010
  • Although different disposal routes of waste-activated sludge are possible, anaerobic digestion plays an important role for its abilities to further transform organic matter into methane. The potential of using methane as energy source has long been widely recognised and the present paper extensively reviews the principles of anaerobic digestion, the process parameters and hydrolysis. Hydrolysis is recognised as rate-limiting step in the complex digestion process. To accelerate the digestion and enhance the production of biogas, various pre-treatments can be used to improve the rate-limiting hydrolysis. These treatments include mechanical, thermal, chemical and biological interventions to the feedstock. All pre-treatments result in a lysis or disintegration of sludge cells, thus releasing and solubilizing intracellular material into the water phase and transforming refractory organic material into biodegradable species. The reader will finally be guided to extensive discussion for anaerobic digestion processes.

Microbial Communities and Diversities in a Full-Scale Mesophilic Anaerobic Digester Treating Sewage Sludge (하수슬러지 처리 실규모 중온 혐기성 소화조 미생물 군집 및 다양성 조사)

  • Minjae Kim;Suin Park;Juyun Lee;Hyebin Lee;Seonmin Kang;Hyokwan Bae;Joonyeob Lee
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.31 no.12
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    • pp.1051-1059
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    • 2022
  • This study investigated microbial communities and their diversity in a full-scale mesophilic anaerobic digester treating sewage sludge. Influent sewage sludge and anaerobic digester samples collected from a wastewater treatment plant in Busan were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. It was found that the microbial community structure and diversity in the anaerobic digester could be affected by inoculation effect with influent sewage sludge. Nevertheless, distinct microbial communities were identified as the dominant microbial communities in the anaerobic digester. Twelve genera were identified as abundant bacterial communities, which included several groups of syntrophic bacteria communities, such as Candidatus Cloacimonas, Cloacimonadaceae W5, Smithella, which are (potential) syntrophic-propionate-oxidizing bacteria and Mesotoga and Thermovigra, which are (potential) syntrophic-acetate-oxidizing bacteria. Lentimicrobium, the most abundant genus in the anaerobic digester, may contribute to the decomposition of carbohydrates and the production of volatile fatty acids during the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. Of the methanogens identified, Methanollinea, Candidatus Methanofastidiosum, Methanospirillum, and Methanoculleus were the dominant hydrogenotrophic methanogens, and Methanosaeta was the dominant aceticlastic methanogens. The findings may be used as a reference for developing microbial indicators to evaluate the process stability and process efficiency of the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge.

Treatment Efficiency Evaluation of Integrated Two-Phase Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Digestion Using Food Waste Leachate (Pilot Scale 일체형 2상 혐기성소화에서의 음폐수 처리효율 평가)

  • Song, Hancheul;Kim, Dongwook
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.51-58
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    • 2016
  • In the Integrated Two-Phase Anaerobic Digestion (ITPAD) process, acid and methane fermentation take place in one reactor, which has advantages to cope with organic load variation and reduce foot-print required, compensating disadvantages of Conventional Separated Two-Phase Anaerobic Digestion (CSTPAD). In the present work, organic matter degradation efficiency and biogas generation amount and other performance parameters of the ITPAD fed with food waste leachate were analyzed. In addition, feasibility study on the ITPAD method was performed by comparing its digestion efficiency with that of the CSTPAD. Organic matter alteration and biogas generation of the integrated method were examined for approximately 130 days based on the 5ton/day scaled pilot plant. Experiment results revealed that organic matter removal rate was 80% for mean food waste leachate input amount of $4.1m^3/day$. The biogas generation rate was $63.0m^3$ per ton of food waste leachate input, corresponding to the input VS amount of $0.724m^3/kg-VS_{added}$, and methane content of generated biogas was approximately 61.3%. The ITPAD has a comparable or higher organic matter removal efficiency compared to the conventional separated two-phase anaerobic digestion method. Consequently, the ITPAD method has a great need to commercialize a food waste leachate treatment technology against highly concentrated organic waste leachate.