• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.89-93
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• 1991

For the investigation of major taste components in loquat(Eiobotrya japonica) flesh its conte-nts and compositions of free sugars organic aicds and free amino acids were analyzed Major free sugars of the fully ripened loquat were fructose glucose and sucrose and their contents were 3,71, 3.42 and 0.46%(w/w) respectively. The content of total sugar 13.7% was 2 times higher than that of the unripe fruit. The content of total organic acid was about 0.2% (w/w) and major organic acids were malic acid -89mg% formic acid -32mg% and oxalic acid -26%mg% Thirteen kinds of free amino acids from the fully ripened loquat were confirmed. Major free amino acids were aspartic acid valine glutamic acid serine alanine and histidine and their contents were in the range of 18-30mg%.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.47-59
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• 1975

Free amino acids in extracts and total amino acids in hydrolysates of eleven species of edible mushrooms were analyzed by amino acid autoanalyzer (Technicon PNC-1 Type). All these 11 species of mushroom can be repesented for convenience sake as follows. S-1; Agaricus campestris Fr. S-2: Agaricus campestris S-3; Pholiota nameko(I. Ito) S. Ito et Imai S-4; Auricularia auricula-judae(Fr.) $Qu{\acute{e}}l$ S-5; Tremella fuciformis Berk. S-6; Tricholoma matsutake(S. Ito et Imai) Sing. S-7; Pleurotus ostreatus Fr. $Qu{\acute{e}}l$ S-8; Lentinus edodes Berk Sing. S-9; Ramaria botrytis (Pers.) Ricken S-10; Coprinus comatus(Fr.) S.F, Gray S-11; Gyrophora esculenta The results obtained from this study are as follows. 1) 17 kinds of amino acid, including 7 kinds of essential amino acid in human nutrition except tryptophan were identified and quantified. 2) Of all free amino acids contained in mushrooms, glutamic acid is the richest, and then comes Ala, Thr, Pro and Lys in that order. There were no found Cys'and His in S-9;His in S-1; Met and Arg in S-11; Cys and Met in S-5;Pro, Cys, Met, Lys and Arg in S-4. Of all total amino acids which are closely related with nutritional valuation, glutamic acid is the richest, and then comes Asp, Ala, Arg, Leu, Thr, Gly in that order. Especially S-1 and S-2 contain high quantity $o{\acute{i}}$ proline in both free and total amino acids. 3) Cotents of ammonia in extracts of mushrooms in decreasing order in S-1, S-10, S-8, S-2, S-7, S-6, and S-2, S-6, S-8, S-9, S-1 in hydrolysates of mushrooms. 4) Gross Contents of free amino acid in extracts is high in decreasing order in S-10, S-1, S-7, S-6, S-8, and total amino acid in hydrolysates is high in S-10, S-2, S-2, S-8, S-1, S-9, S-6. 5) Besides 17 kinds of amino acid, 5 kinds of unknown amino acid are found in extracts and hydrolysates.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.414-417
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• 2006

기능성 천연물 생물소재 개발을 위한 목적으로 비수리(L. cuneata)의 미네랄, 아미노산 및 비타민 함량을 조사한 결과 다음과 같다. 무기성분은 Ca, K, Mg, P, Na, Fe,,Mn, Zn, Cu이 주성분을 이루었으며 Ca이 737.03 mg%로 가장 많이 함유되어 있었다. 유리아미노산의 총 함량은 50.24 mg%이며 이 중 proline이 33.77 mg%로 전체 유리아미노산의 67.2%를 차지하였고 필수아미노산은 7.49 mg%이었다. 구성아미노산은 2,817 mg% 분리 동정되었으며 필수아미노산 1,084 % 중 lysine의 함량이 가장 높았고 leucine, valine, threonine, isoleucine, phenylalanine의 순으로 많이 함유되었다. 또한 비수리에서 노화방지의 역할을 하는 vitamin E가 33.03 mg%인 높은 함량을 나타났다.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.165-168
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• 1985

흰가루병에 대하여 감수성인 봄보리품종 Peruvian과 성체식물 저상성품종 Asse의 건전잎과 감염잎에 함유되어 있는 에탄올가용성 아미노산을 분석하였다. 접종1일 후에는 이들 두 품종의 제1엽내의 아미노산 함량은 건전잎과 비슷한 수준이었다. 포자형성 동안 Asse보다 Peruvian에서 아미노산의 증가에 뚜렷하였다. 감염된 제1엽, 제5엽에서 아미노산 함량은 엽당 병반수가 많을수록 증가하였고, 감수성 품종 Peruvian의 감염잎이 Asse보다 아미노산 함량이 더 높았다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the nutritional composition including proximate, amino acid, vitamin, minerals, and the antioxidant activity of green tea (Camellia sinensis) pollen grains collected by Apis mellifera bees, for use as a health food. The crude protein and fat content was estimated at 26.14% and 3.49%, respectively. Eighteen amino acids were identified in green tea pollen, including 8 essential amino acids and 10 non-essential amino acids. The predominant amino acids were glutamic acid, proline and aspartic acid accounting for about 33.3% of total free amino acids. The concentration of vitamin C was the highest value of 35.7%, followed by $B_3$ and $B_2$ among the detected vitamins. The predominant minerals were potassium (790.32 mg/100g), followed by phosphorus (707.52 mg/100g) and sulfur (302.67 mg/100g), whereas copper, zinc and sodium were detected as minor elements. The antioxidant activity and phenolic content accounted for 33.8% at $500{\mu}g/mL$ extract and $2.55 {\mu}g/mg$, respectively.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.85-87
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• 1964

Alloxan에 의한 Amino acids의 spot test에 있어서, alloxan수용액에 lactose를 가해주면, alloxan 자신의 착색을 막을 수 있다. lactose를 포함하는 alloxan수용액은 매우 안정하여서, 실온에서 수 개월 동안 두어도 착색되지 않으며, lactose의 존재로 말미암아, alloxan과 amino acids와의 색반응은 조금도 영향을 받지 않았다. 이시약에 의한 amino acids의 spot test법은 ninhydrin에 의한 spot test보다 예민하고, 또 alloxan 또는 dimethylalloxan을 발색약으로 사용하는 paper chromatography법에 비해, proline (1 ${\gamma}$), hydroxyprolin (5 ${\gamma}$)를 확인할 수 있다는 장점을 가지고 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.155-161
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• 1998

This study conducted to evaluate effects of popped soybean on levels of ruminal peptides and blood amino acids in Holstein calves fed sudan grass hay as a forage source and popped (PSB) soybean as a concentrate supplement. At 0, 2, 4 and 6 h after feeding, rumen fluid and blood samples were collected from the rumen and jugular vein, respectively, and amino acids, peptides and other nitrogen-containing compounds in the rumen were analyzed. Ruminal pH tended to be higher in the RSB than in the PSB treatments, and declined upto 4 h after feeding, since then increased in both treatments. The concentrations of ammonia-N in all treatments increased upto 2 h after feeding, and then decreased gradually with time after feeding. The concentrations of ammonia N in the rumen were not significantly different between the treatments, however, those in RSB treatment appeared to be higher. Also, protein concentrations in the rumen were not significantly different between the treatments. Peptide productions were the highest at 2 h after feeding in the group fed RSB which is rapidly degradable in rumen, whereas those in the group fed PSB which is slowly degradable in rumen were maximized at 4 h after feeding. The concentration of total free essential amino acids in plasma was higher in the RSB treatment than in the PSB, but disappearance rates of these amino acids out of plasma was higher in the PSB treatment than in the RSB treatment. Disappearance rates of free non-essential amino acids in plasma were not significantly different between the treatments. Consequently, this study implies that the production of peptide and utilization of blood amino acid may be controlled by the modification of protein degradability.

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2005

The effects of different concentrations of three amino acids as carbon and or nitrogen sources on mycelial dry weights, changes in pH values of synthetic medium, ammonia secretion and extracellular protease activity by three zoosporic fungi, pathogens of fish and shellfish, were studied. As compared with the control, the addition of isoleucine and aspartic acid as nitrogen sources were generally stimulative for mycelial dry weight production whereas phenylalanine was inhibitory irrespective to the tested fungal species. When amino acids served as carbon and nitrogen sources, the mycelial dry weights of the three fungi were increased (mostly non-significantly) relative to untreated control but weights were decreased as the concentrations of the three amino acids raised. The addition of individual amino acids as carbon and nitrogen sources to the medium significantly increased pH values of the medium comparable to the control. The addition of each of the three amino acids as carbon and nitrogen sources to the medium significantly induced ammonia secretion by the three species of zoosporic fungi. Ammonia secretion in synthetic medium amended with amino acids as nitrogen source raised by the three zoosporic fungi relative to untreated control except in case of Achlya racemosa treated with isoleucine. Extracellular protease activity was almost promoted in case of Achlya proliferoides and Saprolegnia furcata cultures treated with isoleucine and aspartic acid individually in presence of glucose and vice versa in case of phenylalanine. However, extracellular protease activity of A. racemosa decreased compared with the control at various concentrations of isoleucine and both phenylalanine and aspartic acid assumed inconsistent effects. Extracellular protease activity of the three zoosporic fungi in the medium devoid of glucose varied depending upon zoosporic fungal species, the tested amino acid and the applied concentrations. The values of protease activity were approximately less two folds than that obtained in presence of glucose.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1714-1718
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• 2002

Twelve prepubertal Karan Fries heifers (15 months, $167.7{\pm}13.5kg$) were divided into two equal groups. Group 1 was fed as per NRC requirements and group 2 was fed 20% more protein than group 1 heifers. The experimental feeding was continued until the onset of puberty in both the groups. Blood samples were collected at fortnightly intervals and analyzed for amino acids using HPLC. Group 1 and 2 heifers required $178.6{\pm}33.8$ and $152.8{\pm}33.2$ days of experimental feeding to exhibit first estrus resulting in total age at puberty as $639.4{\pm}27.3$ and $618.6{\pm}24.6$ days in the two groups respectively. The concentration of total amino acids averaged 4.40 and 4.89 mmol/l and those of non-essential amino acids (NEAA) was 2.32 and 2.49 mmol/l in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The concentration of plasma essential amino acids i.e. histidine, threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine were higher (p<0.01) in group 2 than group 1. Plasma concentration of large neutral amino acids (LNAA) was significantly higher in group 2 (1.28 mmol/l) than in group 1 (1.12 mmol/l). Increased levels of leucine, isoleucine and valine are implicated in increased follicular growth and development in prepubertal heifers and resulted in a 26 day earlier attainment of puberty by 26 days in an experimental period of six months in group 2 heifers. Increased concentrations of aspartate and tyrosine in group 2 heifers might be associated with the release of GnRH from the hypothalamus influencing LH release from anterior pituitary in such animals. It is therefore evident that increased availability of certain amino acids in heifers fed high protein diet might have led to early onset of puberty.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.495-499
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• 2003

고온고압수 반응에 의해 생선 내장으로부터 아미노산의 생성거동을 검토하기 위하여 회분식 및 반회분식 반응조작을 행하였으며 그 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 25$0^{\circ}C$, 반응시간 60분에서 회분식 반응조작을 통해 얻었던 최적수율 (137nmg/g-dry fish)과 비교하여 상대적으로 고온인 30$0^{\circ}C$, 2분의 반회분식 조작결과 보다 높은 수율 (230mg/g-dry fish)의 개선을 가져올 수 있었다. 또한 회분식 반응조작에서는 Ala, Gly과 같은 비교적 저분자량의 아미노산 생성이 지배적이었으며 반회분식 조작에서는 Ser, Asp과 같은 고분자량의 아미노산 생성이 촉진되었다. 이와 관련하여 반응 생성물의 조성은 각 반응조작 (회분식 및 반회분식)에 의존하는 것을 알 수 있었다 이상의 결과를 토대로 생선 폐기물로부터 아미노산의 생성을 위한 고온고압수 처리공정은 회분식 반응조작에서 얻을 수 있었던 최적온도보다 상대적으로 높은 온도 및 단시간 반응에서 조작되어져야 한다는 것을 알 수 있었으며 특정 아미노산의 수율을 향상시키기 위해서는 보다 정확한 반응조작의 검토가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.