• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.51-52
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• 2023

A new shape-stable composite phase change material (PCM) have been produced via an easy and simple vacuum impregnation method. The composite PCM have been derived from almond shell biochar (ASB) as supporting material and capric acid (CA) as phase change material. Cost effective waste almond shells (AS) are renewable, eco-friendly, and rich in pores which enhance the possibility of CA impregnation. Therefore, in this study, three different ratios of CA (1:1, 1:2 and 1:3) have been incorporated in ASB to produce shape-stabilized phase change composites (ASCAs). Different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) have been applied to evaluate the characteristics of ASCAs. The attained composite PCMs have exhibited shape stability with high latent heat storage, that makes it suitable for thermal energy storage applications.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Slurry treatments included peanut shell, palm golden fiber, almond hull, which was added 2% of the amount of slurry, and non-treatment control (n=4 each group). Levels of odorous compounds were measured from the liquid slurry incubated in $20^{\circ}C$ for 2 wk in chamber whose structure is similar to slurry pit. Concentration of phenols and indoles was higher (p<0.05) in control (48.4, 4.0 ppm) compared to almond hull (31.5, 1.4 ppm) or palm golden fiber (29.1, 1.6 ppm) group. Short chain fatty acid (SCFA) level was lowest (p<0.05) in control (2,121 ppm) but highest in peanut shell group (3,640 ppm). Branched chain fatty acid (BCFA) concentration was highest (p<0.05) in peanut shell (296 ppm), but lowest in almond hull (90 ppm). Taken together, concentration of odorous compounds was decreased by addition of almond hull in pig slurry by which crude fiber and non-digestible fiber (NDF) may act as a carbon source.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.901-909
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• 2013

Owing to the Increasing use of fossil fuels, worldwide concerns over environmental pollution are increasing. As a solution, ligneous biomass has emerged as a promising alternative fuel in recent times. Therefore, in this study, a moisture evaporation model that largely influences the energy density and efficiency of ligneous biomass is studied using a numerical approach. Furthermore, the thermal characteristics are analyzed in terms of torrefaction temperature and moisture fractions in the wood, and the type of wood species. The results show that the temperature and moisture fractions of wood decrease with an increase in the torrefaction temperature. In particular, when the torrefaction temperature is lower than 423K, there were little changes in the moisture fraction in the wood. Furthermore, it was found that charcoal is produced more slowly as the moisture fraction in the wood increases.