• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2000

The liverwort Pellia borealis is a diploid, monoecious, allopolypliod species (n=18) that as it was postulated, originated after hybridization and duplication of chromosome sets of two cryptic species: Pellia epiphylta-species N (n=9) and Pellia epiphylla-species 5 (n=9). Our recent results have supported the allopolyploid origin of P.borealis. We have shown that the nuclear genome of P.borealis consists of two nuclear genomes: one derived from P.epiphylla-species N and the other from P.epiphylla-species 5. In this paper we show the origin of chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes in an allopolyploid species P.borealis. To our knowledge there is no information concerning the way of mitochondria and chloroplast inheritance in Brophyta. Using an allopolyploid species of p. borealis as a model species we have decided to look into chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of P.borealis, P.epiphylla-species N and P.epiphylla-species S for nucleotide sequences that would allow us to differentiate between both cryptic species and to identify the origin of organelle genomes in the alloploid species. We have amplified and sequenced a chloroplast $tRNA^{Leu}$ gene (anticodon UAA) containing an intron that has shown to be highly variable in a nucleotide sequence and used for plant population genetics. Unfortunately these sequences were identical in all three liverwort species tested. The analysis of the nucleotide sequence of chloroplast, an intron containing $tRNA^{Gly}$ (anticodon UCC) genes, gave expected results: the intron nucleotide sequence was identical in the case of both P.borealis and P.epiphyllaspecies N, while the sequence obtained from P.epiphyllasperies S was different in several nucleotide positions. These results were confirmed by the nucleotide sequence of another chloroplast molecular marker the chloroplast, an intron-contaning $tRNA^{Lys}$ gene (anticodon UUU). We have also sequenced mitochondrial, an intron-containing $tRNA^{Ser}$ gene (anticodon GCU) in all three liverwort species. In this case we found that, as in the case of the chloroplast genome, P.borealis mitochondrial genome was inherited from P.epiphylla-species N. On the basis of our results we claim that both organelle genomes of P.borealis derived from P.epiphylla-species N.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2022

To elucidate the ancestry of the allopolyploids E. stevenii and E. boöphthona, I examined eleven isozyme loci and 24 morphological characters from 28 populations representing five related Euphorbia species from Australia. According to an analysis of genetic and morphological data, three diploid species differentiated recently, but two independent polyploid species are estimated to have differentiated a relatively long time ago. Fixed heterozygosity for most isozymes in E. stevenii and E. boöphthona strongly suggests that these two species are allopolyploids rather than autopolyploids. The isozyme profiles of E. stevenii indicate that it is an allopolyploid that evolved from interspecific hybridization between the diploid E. tannensis and unidentified or extinct tetraploid species. In addition, isozyme patterns strongly suggest that E. stevenii was one of the ancestors of E. boöphthona. However, E. boöphthona showed a large number of fixed alleles that were not detected in any other Australian Eremophyton species. The most likely hypothesis for the origin of E. boöphthona is that it was formed by hybridization and chromosomal doubling between an extinct diploid species and the hexaploid E. stevenii.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2006년도 제47회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.97.2-97.2
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• 2006

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1991

Tall fescue(Festuca amndinacea Schreb.) is a productive pasture grass that is widely adapted to the soil and climate of Korea. It is regarded, however, as relatively low in palatability and nutritive value. On the other hand, Italian ryegrass(lo1ium rnultz$om Lam.) is highly nutritious and palatable, but is essentially weak in cold tolerance. Numerous investigators have succeeded in producing hybrids between Lolium spp. and Festuca spp. but no improved varieties have resulted. Therefore, intergeneric hybridization of Italian ryegrass with tall fescue is employed in 1984 to improve the adaptive and cold resistance quality of Italian ryegrass. In the mean time, F1-hybrid plants obtained by crossing Italian ryegrass x tall fescue were observed in open field. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Leaf-size and silica cell hair were intermediate between the types of parents but the shape of auricle tended to show Italian ryegrass and auricle-cilia to show tall fescue. 2. Roots of $F_1$-hybrid plants were mainly distributed at top soil and did not produced florescence material. 3. Head type of hybrids was intermediate between the types of parents but ray length was somewhat less than the length of tall fescue ray. Typical Italian ryegrass or tall fescue-like phenotypes were not observed. 4. Anthers of $F_1$-hybrid plants were formed but pollen were not formed. Even though pollen were formed, they were all empty. 5. Hybrid plants were more winterhardy and summer persistency than Italian ryegrass. They showed a equivalent growth to Italian ryegrass in spring and to tall fescue in summer. 6. Chromosome of $F_1$-hybrids was allopolyploid(2n=4~=28) and all $F_1$-hybrid plants were sterile.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.364-377
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• 2018

차세대 염기 서열 분석 기술의 적용은 빠르게 식물 유전체학의 지식을 확장시킴으로 기능유전자 연구의 발전을 도모하고 있다. 특히, 밀의 기능유전체학의 발전은 기존의 염기서열 분석 기술로는 가능성이 없어 보였다. 하지만 NGS의 발전은 고품질 보통밀의 RefSeq를 완성뿐만 아니라 다양한 밀 계통들의 재염기서열분석을 가능하게 한다. 현재 이렇게 얻어진 고품질 유전정보와 유전적 다형성이 밝혀진 유전자원의 이용으로 밀 기능유전체 연구가 새로운 단계로 접어들고 있다. NGS 기술 및 reverse genetics의 발전은 앞으로 전세계에 펼쳐져 있는 야생형 밀과 재배종 밀 계통들의 유전적인 다양성 분석을 가능케 하고 밀의 유전과 진화 과정을 깊게 이해하는데 큰 도움이 될 것이다. NGS 기술의 사용과 생물정보학의 결합은 타 작물에 비해 뒤쳐진 밀의 기능유전체 연구 속도를 가속화할 것이다. 기능유전체 연구를 활용한 밀 육종의 시대가, 애기장대 및 벼 분야와 같이, 다가오고 있다.