• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.161-165
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• 2011

PURPOSE. This randomized clinical trial was conducted to assess the safety and effectiveness of the ErhBMP-2 in alveolar bone regeneration as well as preservation of the ${\beta}$-TCP bone graft material that contains ErhBMP-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study involved 72 patients at the 3 study centers. The patients, who were divided into 2 groups: the experiment group who had ErhBMP-2 coated TCP/HA and the control group who had TCP/HA graft material alone transplanted immediately after tooth extraction. CT was taken before and 3 months after the transplantation and healing status was compared between the two groups. The efficacy endpoints that were used to measure the degree of bone induction included alveolar bone height and 3 measurements of bone width. The paired t test was used to determine the significance of the changes (P<.05). RESULTS. Changes in alveolar bone height were $-1.087{\pm}1.413$ mm in the control group and $-.059{\pm}0.960$ mm in the experimental group (P<.01). At 25% extraction socket length [ESL], the changes were $0.006{\pm}1.149$ mm in the control group and $1.279{\pm}1.387$ mm in the experimental group. At 50% ESL, the changes were $0.542{\pm}1.157$ mm and $1.239{\pm}1.249$ mm, respectively (P<.01 for 25% ESL, and P<.05 for 50% ESL). During the experiment, no adverse reactions to the graft material were observed. CONCLUSION. ErhBMP-2 coated ${\beta}$-TCP/HA were found to be more effective in preserving alveolar bone than conventional ${\beta}$-TCP/HA alloplastic bone graft materials.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권sup2호
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• pp.216-220
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• 2001

Objective : Cranioplasty is required to protect underlying brain, to correct major aesthetic deformities, or both. The ideal material for this purpose is autogenous bone. When this is not available, alloplastic or artificial materials may be used. In this study authors compared the infection rate according to the cranioplasty materials(the frozen autologous bone vs. bone cement), and duration of the skull defect. Materials : Between May 1994 and December 1999, 111 patients with skull defect treated with cranioplasty(82 cases of frozen autologous bone and 29 cases of artificial bone material) were included in this study. There were 77 males and 34 females with a mean age of 41.4 years(range 1-85 years). 57 patients had head trauma and 54 had non-traumatic insults. According to the duration of skull defect, there were 28 cases under 1 month, 33 cases of 1-2 months, 15 cases of 2-3 months, 20 cases of 3-6 months and 15 cases over 6 months of duration. Results : Overall infection rate was 9.9%. In cases with frozen autologous bone and artificial bone material, the infection rate was 8.5% and 13.7%, respectively. The infection rate according to the duration of skull defect was 3.6%(among 28 cases) under 1 month of age, while those were 12%(4 among 33 cases) at 1-2 months, 20%(3 among 15 cases) at 2-3 months, 5%(1 among 20 cases) at 3-6 months and 13%(2 among 15 cases) over 6 months. Accoring to the underlying disease, the infection rate in traumatic cases was 12%(7 among 57 cases) and that in non-traumatic one was 3.7%(2 among 54 cases). Conclusion : From this study, it appears that skull defect should be repaired as soon as possible, because early cranioplasty can lower the infection rate. And surgeons could save the patients' cranial bone as possible as they can because autologous bone is not only cost effective in cosmatic purpose but lower the infection rate.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.16-27
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• 2010

연구 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 실험용 쥐의 초기 골 재생 과정에서 혈소판 농축 혈장 (platelet-rich plasma; PRP)이 난소호르몬 분비 유무에 따라 각각 어떤 효과를 나타내는지 확인 비교해 보는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 실험용 쥐 40마리 중 20마리에는 난소절제술 (ovariectomy; OVX)을 시행하여 골다공증을 유발시킨 상태에서 골 이식을 하였고, 나머지 20마리에는 난소절제술 없이 골 이식을 하였다. 또, 난소절제술을 시행한 쥐 중 10마리와 난소절제술을 시행하지 않은 쥐 중 10마리에는 골 이식 시 골전도성 합성골 이식재인 $MBCP^{TM}$ (Micro-& macro-porous biphasic calcium phosphate)에 혈소판 농축 혈장을 첨가하여 적용하고, 아래와 같은 실험군으로 구분하였다. A군; 10마리의 non-OVX 쥐/골 이식재 ($MBCP^{TM}$). B군; 10마리의 non-OVX 쥐/골 이식재($MBCP^{TM}$)+PRP. C군; 10마리의OVX 쥐/골 이식재($MBCP^{TM}$). D군; 10마리의OVX 쥐/골 이식재($MBCP^{TM}$)+PRP. 모든 실험동물의 두 개관 정중부에 직경 8 mm 원형의 임계 크기 결함을 한 개씩 인위적으로 형성한 후, 임계 크기 결함 내부에 골 이식재 및 혈소판 농축 혈장을 적용하여 골 이식술을 실시하였다. 골이식 시행 4주 후에 실험 동물을 희생시켜 표본을 제작한 후, 광학현미경상을 관찰하고 기존에 형성한 임계 크기 결함 내부에 새롭게 침착된 신생골의 면적을 측정하여 그 측정값을 통계 분석하였다. 결과: 신생골 면적 측정값을 각 군 간 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 난소절제술이 시행되지 않은 정상 쥐에서는 혈소판 농축 혈장의 사용이 골 재생에 유의한 효과를 나타내지는 않았다 (p>.05). 2. 난소절제술이 시행된 골다공증 유발 쥐에서는 혈소판 농축 혈장의 사용이 골 재생에 유의한 효과를 나타내었다 (P<.05). 3. 혈소판 농축 혈장이 사용되지 않은 경우, 난소절제술이 시행된 골다공증 유발 쥐는 정상 쥐보다 골 재생 능력이 유의할 만큼 감소하였다 (P<.05). 4. 혈소판 농축 혈장이 사용된 경우, 난소절제술이 시행된 골다공증 유발 쥐라고 하더라도 정상 쥐보다 골 재생 능력이 유의할 만큼 감소하지는 않았다 (P>.05). 결론: 이상의 결과를 토대로, 골전도성 합성골 이식재와 함께 쓰인 혈소판 농축 혈장은 정상 쥐에서보다 난소절제술이 시행된 골다공증 유발 쥐에서 골 재생 및 치유에 더 큰 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.557-564
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• 2000

The bone graft materials can be grossly divided into autogenous bone, allogenic bone, xenogenic bone, and alloplastic material. Much care was given to other bone graft materials away from autogenous bone due to its additional operation for harvesting, delayed resorption and limitation of quantity. Demineralized freeze-dried bone(DFDB) and hydroxyapatite are the representatives of bone graft materials. As resorbable hydroxyapatite is developed in these days, the disadvantage of nonresorbability can be overcome. So we planned to study on the strength and the bone formation at the rats calvarial defects of DFDB graft and those of the composite graft with DFDB and resorbable hydroxyapatite. We used the 16 male rats weighting range from 250 to 300 gram bred under the same environment during same period. After we made the 6mm diameter calvarial defect, we filled the DFDB in 8 rats and DFDB and resorbable hydroxyapatite in another 8 rats. We sacrificed them at the postoperative 1 month and 2 months with the periostium observed. As soon as the specimens were delivered, we measured the compressive forces to break the normal calvarial area and the newly formed bone in calvarial defect area using Instron(Model Autograph $S-2000^{(R)}$, Shimadzu, Japan). The rest of the specimens were stained with H&E(Hematoxylin & Eosin) and evaluated with the light microscope. So we got the following results. 1. In every rats, there was no significant difference between the measured forces of normal bone area and those of the bone graft area. 2. In 1 month, the measured forces at DFDB graft group were higher than those of the DFDB and resorbable hydroxyapatite composite graft group(P<0.05). 3. In 2 months, there was no significant differences between the measured forces of DFDB graft group and those of the DFDB and resorbable hydroxyapatite composite graft group. 4. In lightmicroscopic examination, most of the grafted DFDB were transformed into bone in 1 month and a large numbers of hydroxyapatite crystal were observed in DFDB and resorbable hydroxyapatite composite graft group in 1 month. 5. Both group showed no inflammatory reaction in 1 month. And hydroxyapatite crystals had a tight junction without soft tissue invagination when consolidated with newly formed bone. 6. In both groups, newly formed bone showed the partial bone remodeling and the lamellar bone structures and some of reversal lines were observed in 2 months. From the above results, it is suggested that DFDB and resorbable hydroxyapatite composite graft group had a better resistance to compressive force in early stage than DFDB graft group, but there would be no significant difference between two groups after some period. And it is suggested that the early stage of bone formation procedure of DFDB and resorbable hydroxyapatite composite graft group was slight slower than that of DFDB graft group, but there would be no significant difference between two groups after some period.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권sup2호
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• pp.373-384
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the healing response of various Hydroxyapatite(HA) coated dental implants by Ion-Beam Assisted Deposition(IBAD) placed in the surgically created circumferential gap in dogs. Materials and methods: In four mongrel dogs, all mandibular premolars and the first molar were extracted. After an 8 weeks healing period, six submerged type implants were placed and the circumferential cylindrical 2mm coronal defects around the implants were made surgically with customized step drills. Groups were divided into six groups : anodized surface, anodized surface with 150nm HA and heat treatment, anodized surface with 300nm HA and heat treatment, anodized surface with 150nm HA and no heat treatment, and anodized surface with 150nm HA, heat treatment and bone graft, anodized surface with bone graft. The dogs were sacrificed following 12 weeks healing period. Specimens were analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically. Results: During the healing period, healing was uneventful and implants were well maintained. Anodized surface with HA coating and $430^{\circ}C$ heat treatment showed an improved regenerative characteristics. Most of the gaps were filled with newly regenerated bone. The implant surface was covered with bone layer as base for intensive bone formation and remodeling. In case that graft the alloplastic material to the gaps, most of the coronal gaps were filled with newly formed bone and remaining graft particles. The bone-implant contact and bone density parameters showed similar results with the histological findings. The bone graft group presented the best bone-implant contact value which had statistical significance. Conclusion: Within the scope of this study, nano-scale HA coated dental implants appeared to have significant effect on the development of new bone formation. And additional bone graft is an effective method in overcoming the gaps around the implants.