• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.204-212
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant activities, total phenol, and flavonoid contents of 70% methanol, 70% ethanol, and chloroform-methanol (CM, 2:1, v/v) extracts from garlic (Allium sativum L.) peels. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical and ABTS [2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt] radical scavenging activity, ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Total phenol and flavonoid were in a range of 32.59-63.05 mg CAE/g, 5.26-9.22 mg QE/g, respectively. Total phenol and flavonoid were predominant with the values of $63.05{\pm}0.20mgCAE/g$ and $9.22{\pm}0.17mgQE/g$ in 70% ethanol extract. Additionally, 70% ethanol extract also displayed the strongest antioxidant activity followed by 70% methanol extract and CM extract in all assays. These results showed that garlic peel can be used as natural antioxidant in nutraceutical preparations to prevent human diseases.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.217-222
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: Garlic (Allium sativum) contains polyphenols and sulfur compounds that are recognized as antioxidant, antithrombotic, anticancer, antibacterial, antimicrobial, nematicidal, and insecticidal activity. For this reason, the Environmentally-friendly Agriculture Promotion Act allowed the garlic extract as commercial biopesticide material for crop protection, nine commercial biopesticides containing A. sativum extract have been marketed in Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: The determination of allylmethyl sulfide (AMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), and dipropyl sulfide (DPS) in biopesticides containing A. sativum extract was developed and validated by gas chromatography (GC) mass spectrometry (MS) with head-space sampler. The developed method was validated, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) and recovery rates of AMS, DMDS, and DPS were 0.08, 0.32, and 0.09 mg/L and 90.3-91.3, 86.2-88.3, and 87.6-89.5%, respectively. From the nine commercial biopesticide samples, contents of AMS, DMDS, and DPS were analyzed using the developed method and results showed

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) contains a specific sulfur compound, the S-allyl derivative of L-cysteine sulfoxide, and has long been known for its antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. The principal antimicrobial compound of garlic is S-allyl-L-propenethiosulfinate (allicin) which is generated by an enzyme, alliinase (L-cysteine sulfoxide lyase), from S-allyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (alliin). This compound exists exclusively in Allium as a major non-protein sulfur-containing amino acid. S-Allyl-L-propenethiosulfinate belongs to the chemical group of thiosulfinates and is a highly potent antimicrobial. The potency of garlic extract is reduced during storage since thiosulfinates are unstable and are degraded to other compounds some of which do not have antimicrobial activity. Diallyl polysulfides and ajoene are sulfur compounds derived from allicin that do possess antimicrobial activity. It was recently found that garlic becomes antimicrobial on heating at cooking temperatures, and that the compound responsible for this is allyl alcohol, which is generated from alliin by thermal degradation.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.325-329
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• 1997

서산 6쪽 마늘 중의 inulinase를 추출하여 황산암모늄 침전가 Sephadex G-150여과 등을 통하여 9.1%의 수율로 부분정제하였다. 부분 정제된 inulinase는 4$0^{\circ}C$와 pH 6.0에서 inulin을 가장 잘 분해시켰고 7$0^{\circ}C$ 이하와 pH 5.0~8.0에서 안정하였다. 또한 이 효소는 Al3+, Mn2+, Hg2+, Cd2+ 및 EDTA에 의하여 심하게 실활되었고 inulin에 대한 Km값은 0.22%이었다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 1997년도 Proceedings of special lectures on Recent Research Trend of Plant Pathology
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• pp.22-25
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• 1997

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품저장유통학회 1998년도 춘계임시총회 및 제12차 학술발표회 진행표 및 발표논문 초록
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• pp.35-35
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• 1998

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 1984

The possible effects of garlic (Aliium sativurn L.) extract on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus R- 716 were investigated. Various solvent extracts of garlic strongly inhibited growth and sporulation by Aspergillus parasiticus R-716, and effective solvents used for extraction of garlic were chloroform, benzene, and water-chloroform. The growth and aflatoxin production decreased with the increase in extract concentration, and extract equivalent 1.5g of raw garlic weight in 25ml SLS medium completely inhibited, and at a level of 1.25g garlic, total aflatoxin was reduced 64% (472 ${\mu}g$/25ml) of that produced in the control (1, 352 ${\mu}g$/25 ml). During cultivation inhibitory rate of growth was reduced from 89.1% to 40% and aflatoxin $B_2$, $G_1$ production increased with the laps of time. Especially garlic extract appeared to have a stimulatory effect on lipid accumulation on the contrary aflatoxin production.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.301-306
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• 2004

마늘 (Allium sativum L.) 다신초를 생물반응기를 이용, sucrose 2%가 포함된 MS 배지에서 3주간 증식시킨 후 microbulb의 형성을 위해 NAA 0.1 mg/L와 sucrose 11%가 포함된 MS 배지에서 9주간 배양하였다. 다신초 증식의 경우, 잎을 제거하지 않았을 때 90% 이상이 과수화되었고 과수화 된 신초의 세포는 크기와 형태가 일정하지 않았으며 microbulb의 형성도 이루어지지 않았다. 신초 배양 3주 후 표피의 부정아 세포에서 분열이 활성화되면서 부정아가 비대되었고 신초의 분열조직에서 수층과 병층으로 분열이 일어나 크게 비대된 후 배양 7주부터 microbulb를 형성하였다. Ploidy analyzer를 이용한 배수성 검정에서 다신초와 microbulb의 피크 모두, 모주 식물의 상대적인 피크와 동일한 위치에서 나타나 배수성의 변이가 없는 것으로 나타나 배양체가 모주 식물과 유전적으로 동일함을 입증하였다.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.286-291
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• 2017

약용식물의 열수 추출물이 in vitro에서 alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)와 aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)의 활성에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 약용식물에 20배의 증류수를 넣고 $80^{\circ}C$에서 8시간 추출하여 얻어진 추출액을 시료로 사용하였다. 50종의 약용식물 중에서 마늘과 육계 추출물이 숙취해소 천연소재로서의 활용 가능성이 가장 높게 나타났다. 마늘 추출물은 ADH에 비해 ALDH의 활성을 2배 이상 촉진시킴으로써 acetaldehyde의 분해가 잘 되게 하였다. 육계 추출물은 ALDH의 활성에 비해 ADH의 활성을 획기적으로 저해함으로써 acetaldehyde의 생성을 크게 억제하였다. 육계 추출물은 농도에 비례하여 ADH와 ALDH의 활성을 저해하였으며, $45.33{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 ADH의 활성을 52.8% 저해하였고 ALDH의 활성을 11.0% 저해하였다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.274-285
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• 2006

Allium sativum (Family Amaryllidaceae or Liliaceae) is used worldwide for various clinical uses like hypertension, cholesterol lowering effect, antiplatelets and fibrinolytic activity etc. Due to these common house hold uses of Allium sativum, as a herbal supplements, and failure of patients to inform their physician of the over-the-counter supplements they consume leads to drugnutrient interactions with components in herbal supplements. Today these types of interactions between a herbal supplement and clinically prescribed drugs are an increasing concern. In vitro studies indicated that garlic constituents modulated various CYP (cytochrome P450) enzymes. CYP 3A4 is abundantly present in human liver and small intestine and contributes to the metabolism of more than 50% of commonly used drugs including nifedipine, cyclosporine, erythromycin, midazolam, alprazolam, and triazolam. Extracts from fresh and aged garlic inhibited CYP 3A4 in human liver microsomes. The in vivo effects of garlic constituents are found to be species depended and the dosing regimen of garlic constituents appeared to influence the modulation of various CYP isoforms. Studies have indicated that the inhibition of various CYPs by organosulfur compounds from garlic was related to their structure also. Studies using in vitro, in vivo, animal and human models have indicated that various garlic constituents can be the substrates, inhibitors and or inducers of various CYP enzymes. The modulation of CYP enzyme activity and expression are dependent on the type and chemical structure of garlic constituents, dose regime, animal species and tissue, and source of garlic thus this review throws light on the possible herb drug interaction with the use of garlic.