• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1099-1107
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• 2007

This study was investigated the anti-allergic effect of SJSBT on DNCB induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. We summerized as the follow. SJSBT significantly decreased the clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis including itching, dryness, edema, hemorrhage, and lichenification in dose dependent manner. SJSBT markedly suppressed invasion and edema of leukocytes and mast cell in dorsal skin and ear tissue. SJSBT significantly reduced the number of CD11b+/Gr-1 cell compared with positive control, but it had no affect the number of CD3+ and CCR3+/CD3+ cell. SJSBT markedly suppressed the expression of cytokine and chemokine such as IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, eotaxin and CCR3 compared with positive control group. SJSBT significantly decreased the invasion of CD4+ and CCR3+ cell in ear and dorsal skin tissue compared with positive control group by using immunohistochemical staining. Taken together, these findings suggested that SJSBT has an anti-allergic activity and this might be useful for the clinical application to treat allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.134-143
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• 2017

Background: The prevalence of allergic inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, and allergic rhinitis worldwide has increased and complete recovery is difficult. Korean Red Ginseng, which is the heat-processed root of Panax ginseng Meyer, is widely and frequently used as a traditional medicine in East Asia. In this study, we investigated whether Korean Red Ginseng water extract (RGE) regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines via the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$) pathway in allergic inflammation. Methods: Compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB)-induced AD-like skin lesion mice models were used to investigate the antiallergic effects of RGE. Human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and human mast cells (HMC-1) were also used to clarify the effects of RGE on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Results: Anaphylactic shock and DNFB-induced AD-like skin lesions were attenuated by RGE administration through reduction of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in mouse models. RGE also reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines including $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, and IL-8, and expression of chemokines such as IL-8, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) in HaCaT cells. Additionally, RGE decreased the release of tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, and IL-8 as well as expressions of chemokines including macro-phage inflammatory protein $(MIP)-1{\alpha}$, $MIP-1{\beta}$, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and IL-8 in HMC-1 cells. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that these inhibitory effects occurred through blockage of the MAPK and $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway. Conclusion: RGE may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic inflammatory diseases such as AD-like dermatitis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.111-116
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• 2002

This report describes an inhibitory effect of Tongku-tang(TKT) on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions. TKT is an Oriental herbal prescription, which has been successfully applied for the treatment of allergic disorders, mainly skin anaphylactic diseases in eastern medicine. TKT has concentration-dependently inhibited the ear swelling response induced by intradermal injection of non-specific mast cell degranulator compound 48/80 in mice. TKT also inhibited mast cell-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis activated by dinitrophenyl (DNP)-IgE antibody in rats. I studied the effect of TKT on the histamine and β-hexosaminase release from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80. TKT did not inhibit significantly the histamine and β-hexosaminase release from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80. However, TKT inhibited both TNF-α and IL-1β secretion induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and A23187 respectively. These results provide evidence that TKT may be beneficial in the treatment of immediate-type allergic reaction.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2017

Black-red ginseng (BRGP) exhibits more potent biological activities than white and red ginseng. However, the effect of BRGP on allergic inflammation has not been studied extensively. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the effects of BRGP on allergic inflammation in vitro and in vivo. The effects of BRGP on pro-inflammatory mediators in phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and A23187-stimulated human mast cells (HMC-1) and on trimellitic anhydride (TMA)-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in BALB/c mice were evaluated. BRGP suppressed the expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6 and IL-8 from HMC-1 stimulated with PMA and A23187. Furthermore, the oral administration of BRGP markedly significantly reduced apparent severity of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions, ear swelling, lymph node weight gains and serum IgE levels induced by TMA in mice. BRGP treatment also ameliorated epidermal hyperplasia and infiltration of inflammatory cells including mast cells. Taken together, BRGP possesses significant anti-atopic efficacy, suggesting that it could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for allergic inflammatory diseases, including atopic dermatitis.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.159-164
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• 2012

Allergic skin inflammation such as atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by edema and infiltration with various inflammatory cells such as mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and T cells. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is produced mainly by epidermal keratinocytes, as well as dermal fibroblasts and mast cells in the skin lesions of AD. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish oil can reduce inflammation in allergic patients. Fermentation has a tremendous capacity to transform chemical structures. The antiinflammatory effects of fish oil have been described in many diseases, but the beneficial effects by which fermented olive flounder oil (FOF) modulates the allergic response is poorly understood. In this study, we produced FOF and tested its ability to suppress the various allergic inflammatory responses. The ability of FOF to modulate the immune system was investigated using a mouse model of AD. The FOF-treated group showed significantly decreased immunoglobulin E (IgE) and histamine in serum. Also, the increased TSLP expression was significantly inhibited in the FOF group; the FOF-treated group was not appreciably different from the hydrocort cream treatment group. In addition, FOF treatment resulted in a smaller spleen size with reduced the thickness and length compared to the induction group. Splenocytes from mice treated with FOF produced significantly less IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, T-box transcription factor (T-bet) and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) expression compared with the induction group. These results suggest that FOF may be effective in treating the allergic symptoms of AD. 5.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1379-1385
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• 2005

Gamisaenghyeolyunbueum (GSYE) is a traditional Oriental herbal medicine prescription, which has been used for the treatment of various allergic disorders, atopic dermatitis, extravasated bleeding from skin, especially skin related disease. The author investigated the effects of GSYE on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammatory reactions. GSYE dose-dependently (0.01-1 g/kg) inhibited compound 48180-induced systemic anaphylactic shock and ear swelling response. The inhibitory effect of GSYE on the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by compound 48f80 reveals significantly (p<0.05) at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 mg/ml in a dose-dependent manner. GSYE also inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) by oral administration at 1 g/kg. In addition, GSYE dose-dependently (0.01-1 g/kg) inhibited the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA) and A23187-induced tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ secretion from human mast cell line HMC-1 cells. These results indicate that GSYE may be a beneficial applicability in the allergic-related diseases.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.9
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• pp.325-329
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• 2015

Purpose: In addition to regulating calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and bone metabolism, vitamin D is known as an immune modulator. Recently, there has been increased worldwide interest in the association between low levels of vitamin D and allergic diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and allergic/vasomotor rhinitis (AR/VR) in children. Methods: This study included 164 patients. The sample included 59 patients with AR, 42 patients with VR, and 63 controls. Their ages ranged from 0 to 16 years. We examined the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Immunoglobulin E, specific IgE, and eosinophil cationic protein; peripheral blood eosinophil count; and the results of a skin prick test. Results: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were $19.0{\pm}8.5ng/mL$ in the AR group, $25.5{\pm}10.9ng/mL$ in the VR group, and $26.9{\pm}10.7ng/mL$ in the control group. After adjustment for body mass index and season at the time of blood sampling, vitamin D levels in the AR group were lower than those of the VR group (P=0.003) and control group (P<0.001). Vitamin D levels were inversely correlated with Immunoglobulin E levels (r=-0.317, P<0.001). AR patients with food allergy or atopic dermatitis did not have lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D than AR patients without these diseases. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a possible relationship between vitamin D levels and allergic rhinitis in Korean children.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.25-29
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• 2013

Objectives : The dried root of Sophora flavescens Aiton have been used to treat patient with skin diseases such as eczema in Eastern countries. S. flavescens can clear away heat and dry dampness and purge sthenic-fire from the liver and gallbladder. Recently, anti-allergic effect of S. flavescens has been reported. However, the effect on skin condition of contact dermatitis still remains unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of S. flavescens on contact dermatitis. Methods : In order to investigate the effects of S. flavescens (methanol extract of S. flavescens, MESR) on skin condition, the contact dermatitis was induced in mice skin by using 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). As the effective endpoints, skin thickness, skin weight, histopathological change were checked. In addition, effects on skin lesion, body weight and spleen/body weight ratio were also investigated. Results : Topical application of MESR ($500{\mu}g/day$) lowered skin thickness (P < 0.05) and skin weight (P < 0.05), respectively. MESR-treated group showed diminished spongiosis and immune cell infiltration in skin tissues compared to those of non-treated control group. The inhibition of skin lesions was also observed in MESR-treated group. In addition, MESR did not affect body weight gain and spleen/body weight ratio in contrast with those in dexamethasone-treated group. Conclusion : These data suggest that Sophorae Radix could improve skin lesion of contact dermatitis. This indicates the possibility for Sophorae Radix to be used to patients with skin diseases such as contact dermatitis.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.192-200
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• 2020

Natural products have received revived interest via traditional remedies or alternative medicine used for the treatment of various diseases. Zanthoxylum piperitum (ZP) has been utilized in traditional medicine for various medicinal purposes. The present study was conducted to evaluate whether ZP modulates allergic inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. We examined the pharmacological effects of ZP on 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) symptoms in mice. Additionally, in order to clarify the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ZP, we elucidate the effect of ZP on the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187 (PMACI)-stimulated human mast cells (HMC-1). The results demonstrated that ZP attenuated AD clinical symptoms such as erythema, edema and dryness as well as histamine and IgE serum levels in DNCB-induced AD model mice. Additionally, ZP suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines and activation of NF-κB in AD-like skin lesions and stimulated HMC-1. These results provide experimental evidence that ZP may be useful candidate for treating allergic inflammation including AD.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.165-174
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• 2019

Oregonin is known as a representative active substance of plants of the Alnus species. In this study, we will show the results of establishing a method for extracting trace amounts of useful substances in plants. Additionally, a variety of physiological activity studies were conducted with extracts containing high content of useful substances. In this study, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities of supercritical fluid residue 60% EtOH extracts of Alnus sibirica (ASCFR) were investigated in vitro. To explore anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics of supercritical extract, DPPH radical scavenging, and ABTS radical scavenging activity, inhibition of nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release in IgE-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells were examined, respectively. Results showed a concentration-dependent increase in DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Cells stimulated with LPS produced more nitric oxide than normal control cells. However, cells treated with supercritical fluid residue 60% EtOH extract decreased production in a concentration-dependent manner. In anti-allergic activity studies, ASCFR showed concentration-dependentanti-allergic activity. Based on results and strong antioxidant activity, ASCFR has potential as basic research materials for development of therapeutic supplements-based medicines or functional cosmetics related to chronic inflammatory skin immunity diseases.