• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.541-549
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• 1997

This study was done to describe health promoting lifestyle and determine affecting factors in elderly based on the Heath Promotion Model by Pender. Cognitive-perceptual factors that were included in this study were self-efficacy and hardiness. Modifying factors were demographic characteristics (sex, age, partner, previous illness, education level. income and religion). The specific purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of self-efficacy, hardiness and the demographic chasteristics to health promoting lifestyle and to determine causal factors affecting the elderly. The subjects were a volunteer sample of 98 elderly in one city in? The instruments for this study were Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile(47items, 4scale), Health Related Hardiness Scale(22i1ems, 6scale), general Self-Efficacy Scale(13i1ems, 5scale). Frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and Stepwise Multiple regression technique with SAS program were used to analyse the data. The Results of the study are as follows : 1) The average item score for the health promoting lifestyle was 2.63, the highest score on the subscales was interpersonal support (M=3.3), followed by self-actulization(M=2.9), nutrition(M=2.8), stress management(M=2.7), health responsibility(M=2.1) with the lowest bring exercise(M=2.0) 2) A significant difference between education level, income, religion and health promoting lifestyle were found. 3) All of the subscales on health promoting lifestyle were positively related to total hardiness (r=0.330, p<0.001). The hardiness subscale of control was positively related to self-actulization(r=0.276, p<0.01), and commitment was positively related to self-actualization(r=0.315, p<0.001), exercise /nutrition(r=0.245, p<0.01), interpersonal support(r=0.278, p<0.01), stress management(r=0.250, p<0.01). Challenge was positively related to self-actualization(r=0.315, p<0.001), exercise /nutrition(r=0.245, p<0.01). There was no significant correlation between self-efficacy and all of the subscales of health promoting lifestyle. Self-efficacy showed a significant correlation only with control(r=0.469, p<0.001), comittment(r=0.507, p<0.001), challenge (r=0.489, p< 0.001). 4) Comittment, self-efficacy and income explained 25.01% of the variance for the total health promoting lifestyle. The results of this study show that commitment, self efficacy and income predicted the health promoting lifestyle of the elderly. So health promoting programs that increase commitement and self-efficacy should be developed to promote a healthy lifestyle of the elderly, especially those who have low income.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1982년도 제16차 학술대회연제순서 및 초록
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• pp.15.1-15
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• 1982

1979년 7월부터 1981년 8월까지 부산 침례병원 이비인후과에 내원한 환자중 삼출성중이염으로 진단된 95례 (159이)에서 임상적인 고찰을 했으며, 고막절개와 중이내 튜브 유치술을 시행한 성인 및 소아군과 T＆A를 동시에 시행한 소아군을 비교 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 성별 분포는 남자가 48례, 여자가 47례 차이가 없었고 연령 분포는 6∼10세 군이 34례 (35%)로 가장 많았다. 2) T & A를 요하는 소아중 14%가 삼출성중이염으로 진단되어 고막절개 및 중이내 튜브 유치술을 동시에 시행했고 이는 같은 기간중의 삼출성중이염 환자의 19%에 해당했다. 3) 양측성 (67%)이 일측성 (33%)인 경우의 두배 였고, 소아환자에서는 양측성이 88%로 현저했으며 T & A를 요하는 소아군에서는 전부가 양측성이었다. 4 ) 중이내 저류액의 성상은 장액성이 49%, 점액성이 33%, 농성이 5%, 혈성이 3%등이었고 성인군에서는 장액성이 59%였으나 소아군 (15세이하)에서는 장액성(41%)과 점액성(43%)의 빈도가 비슷했다. 5) 술전 Tympanogram은 A형이 6%, B형이 91%, C형이 3%였고 이상 Tympanogram(B형 혹은 C형)의 출현 빈도는 T & A를 요하는 소아군(95%)과 요하지 않은 소아군(95%)에서 동일했으며 성인군에서는 93%였다. 6)고막절개 중이내 튜브 유치술후의 기도청력은 T & A를 동시에 시행한 소아군에서 더욱 개선되었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2004

다방성 흉막수 또는 농흉 환자의 성공적인 치료를 위해서는 효과적인 배액술과 원인적 질환의 확진이 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 폐쇄성 흉강 삽관술 등의 치료에도 배액되지 않은 농흉이나 다방성 흉막수 환자에서 비디오 흉강경을 이용한 배액술 및 데브리망, 세척술의 효과와 실효성의 평가를 목적으로 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2000년 4월부터 2002년 7월까지 본원 흉부외과에 흉막수 및 농흉으로 입원한 환자 중 폐쇄성 흉강 삽관술 등으로 적절히 배액되지 않았던 환자 중 발병한지 2주일이 안된 20명을 대상으로 수술 전 흉부 전산화 단층 촬영을 실시하여 환자의 상태를 평가한 후 전신 마취하에서 비디오 흉강경을 이용한 배액술 및 데브리망, 조직검사, 세척술을 실시하였다. 결과: 20예의 환자 중 18예에서 성공적인 비디오 흉강경 배액 및 세척술이 실시되었고 2예에서 개흉술을 시행하였다. 남녀 비는 4 : 1이었으며 평균 연령은 48.9세(17∼72세), 수술 후 평균 흉관 거치 기간은 8.2일(4∼22일), 수술 후 평균 재원 기간은 15.2일(7∼33일)이었다. 원인 질환으로 결핵, 폐렴에 의한 합병증, 외상에 의한 혈흉, 전이성 유방암 등이었다. 수술 후 중대한 합병증은 없었으며 환자들은 증상이 호전되어 외래 통원 치료 및 추적 관찰 중이다. 결론: 기질화 되지 않은 초기의 농흉이나 다방성 흉막수 환자에서 비디오 흉강경을 이용한 배액술, 데브리망은 비교적 안전하고 유용한 시술이라 하겠다.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1977년도 제11차 학술대회연제 순서 및 초록
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• pp.9.2-9
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• 1977

1971년 1월부터 1976년 12월까지 만 6년간 본원 이비인후과를 찾은 식도 및 기도이물 환자 64례의 임상적 통계적 고찰을 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 식도 및 기도의 이물 환자는 64례로서 총 외래 신환자 수의 약 0.69%를 차지하며, 식도이물이 55례 기도이물이 9례로서 그 비는 약 6.1 : 1이었다. 2. 성별 빈도는 전 이물 환자 64례중 남자 33례, 여자 31례 (식도 : 28례, 27례, 기도 : 5례, 4례)로 큰 차이는 없으나 남자에게 조금 많았다. 3. 연령적 빈도는 5세 이하에서 전이물 64례중 35례(45.7%)로 가량 많았으며, 식도이물은 55례중 27례(49.1%), 기도이물은 9례중 8례(88.9%), 특히 주화에 있어서는 26례중 25례(96.2%)가 5세 이하였다. 4. 종류별 빈도는 식도이물에서는 주화가 26례(47.3%)로 제일 많았고 다음은 골류 13례(23.6%), 육류 8례(14.5%)의 순이었으며, 기도이물에서는 두류가 5례(55.6%)로 제일 많았다. 5. 개재부위별 빈도는 식도이물은 제 1협착부에서 38례(69.1%)로 제일 많았고, 기도이물은 기관지 4례, 후두 4례로서 많았다. 6. 체류기간은 식도이물 환자중에는 1일 이내에 내원한 환자가 38례(69.1%)였고, 3일 이내가 50례(80.9%)로 거의 대부분이었다. 기도이물은 1일 이내가 5례(53.6%)이었다. 최장기간은 후두이물로 90일 경과된 례가 있었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.159-168
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• 2023

Background: An ongoing environmental exposure assessment of humidifier disinfectants (HDs) has been conducted since November 2011 among individuals who experienced HD exposure-related adverse health effects. It is being performed in order to determine and quantify exposure to humidifier disinfectants in victims and their families. To date, the assessment has encompassed Cycles I-to-V. There is no report summarizing the characteristics of the subjects from the overall cycles. Objectives: We intended to examine the individual characteristics related to demographics, HD usage, and HD exposure using integrated data from Cycles I-to-V of the environmental exposure assessment of HDs and the changes with the cycles. Methods: We included 7,543 individuals who participated in Cycles I-to-V of the environmental exposure assessment of HDs. We summarized the participants' characteristics regarding their demographics (e.g., sex, education level, and age), HD usage history (e.g., product name, ingredient, and frequency of HD use), and HD exposure (e.g., daily time of HD use, cumulative time of HD use, and exposure intensity). In addition, their characteristics were compared across the cycles of the exposure assessment. Results: Among the 7,543 participants from Cycles I-to-V, there were more male participants than females (51.05% overall), except for Cycles I and III. Across all cycles, a higher proportion of survivors was observed than deceased individuals. While PHMG was the most prevalent ingredient in HDs throughout all the cycles, its proportion gradually decreased over the course of the examination cycles. Participants in Cycle I reported longer daily times of HD use compared to those in the subsequent cycles. On the other hand, cumulative time of HD use was shorter in the earlier cycles than in the later cycles. Conclusions: Using the integrated data from the full cycles of the environmental exposure assessment, this study identified changes in demographic characteristics as well as the HD exposure characteristics between the participants across different cycles.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2005

Lately due to the sudden growth of the construction of an apartment complex in domestic market, many construction companies are eager to provide various public facilities to increase the apartment distribution rate. An introduction of a fitness center is popularized as a part of such development. There has been a continuing development in a private fitness based on analyzing the user's data. However a public fitness is quite different from the private in terms of a user's classification, preference rate, the pattern of use, and location which requires a different facility plan. Nevertheless, all these days a public fitness in an apartment house has been developed without a specific facility plan based on relevant materials. It is worried that such development would cause the facilities not to function as appropriate resident facilities and sink to idle ones. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to make the standard considered in facility planning in future and the base to guide an applying method. In the paper the present condition of fitness centers inside apartment houses has been compared to analyze the progress of the existing facilities and the appropriateness of the organization and the structure division. The result of the research shows that public resident facilities is not the place to perform passive role for fixed activities but one to form a community through the human relationship based on the facility. Therefore a fitness center inside the apartment complex have to be designed to provide service and leisure space as one of main community facilities for residents. To obtain this purpose, when choosing facilities of an apartment complex, first of all the residents' standard of living, apartment size, residents' distinction rate of age and sex, the needs of the times should be fully considered Secondly, the size of each facility space have to be decided based on the practical data analysis in facility use such as space preference, average staying time. Also, future living culture requires the change of the function and space according to the change of social values, so continuing research and data analysis are required to related to fitness center inside an apartment complex in order to present systematic approaching method and the paper will be expected to be a little step toward it.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1384-1389
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• 2008

비만 남자 초등학생을 대상으로 식사 조절과 병행한 유산 소운동을 HRmax의 60-70% 강도로 1일 100분, 주 5회, 9주간 실시하여 이들의 혈중지질과 아포지단백에 미치는 효과에 대해 알아보았다. 혈중지질의 TC, TG, HDL-C 농도와 TC/ HDL-C비가 개선되었는데 이는 규칙적인 유산소운동과 에너지섭취량 제한(식사제한)이 아닌 1일 영양권장량에 준하는 정상적인 에너지 섭취를 통해 비만아동의 체중감량과 더불어 CHD 위험인자인 혈중지질에 긍정적인 효과를 미칠 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 아포지단백의 Apo AII, B, CIII 농도가 감소하였는데 이는 유산소운동과 식사조절 병행이 성인의 경우와 유사하게 비만 남자아동들에게도 동맥경화 질환의 예방에 효과적인 방법이 될 수 있음을 증명하는 결과로 사료된다. 그렇지만 아직 운동에 따른 Apo 반응에 대한 연구들이 미흡하고 특히 Apo CII와 CIII에 대한 연구는 더욱 미흡한 상황이므로 향후 이에 관련된 후속 연구가 진행되어야할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2005

전신상태가 양호하며 2회 이상의 치료가 필요한 남아 10명, 여아 12명 총 22명의 환아를 대상으로 chloral hydrate($Pocral^{(R)}$ syrup, 한림제약) 60mg/kg와 hydroxyzine($Ucerax^{(R)}$정, 한국 유씨비제약) 25mg을 병용투여한 군과 midazolam($Dormicum^{(R)}$, 주, 한국로슈) 0.5mg/kg과 hydroxyzine($Ucerax^{(R)}$ syrup, 한국 유씨비제약) 25mg을 병용투여한 군을 각각 I군과 II군으로 구분하였다. 약물 투여 30분 후 치과 치료를 시행하였으며 치료과정을 6단계로 구분하여 각 단계별로 수면지수와 울음지수, 움직임지수, 전반적인 행동지수를 측정, 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 전반적인 행동지수를 기준으로 성공률을 평가한 결과 I 군은 59.2%, II군은 77.3%의 성공률을 보였다(p<0.05). 2. 수면지수는 I 군에서 평균 $1.81{\pm}0.93$으로 II 군의 $1.44{\pm}0.69$에 비해 유의하게 깊은 수면상태를 보였다(p<0.05). 3. 울음치수, 움직임지수, 전반적인 행동지수는 군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 4. 성별에 따른, 연령에 따른 군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 위와 같은 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 midazolam의 경구투여는 적절한 진정효과를 가지는 방법으로 어린환자의 치과치료시 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.150-156
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• 2008

목 적 : 단회뇨를 이용한 단백/크레아티닌 농도 비(P/C ratio)가 24시간 요단백량과 밀접한 상관관계가 있다는 연구결과가 보고되고 있다. 이에 저자들은 소아를 대상으로 하여 24시간 요단백량과 단회뇨의 P/C ratio 사이의 상관관계를 요단백량과 요크레아티닌 배설량에 따라 분석하고 이런 상관관계에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다.방 법 : 2003년 9월부터 2007년 12월까지 부산 백병원 소아청소년과 신장클리닉에 내원한 환아 210명을 대상으로 24시간 채뇨를 실시하여 단백량 과 크레아티닌 양, 사구체 여과율을 측정하였고, 24시간 채뇨 직후의 단회뇨를 이용하여 P/C ratio 를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 24시간 요단백량과 단회뇨의 P/C ratio는 전체 환자를 대상으로 하였을 때 0.840의 상관계수를 가지는 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 24시간 요단백량에 따라 분류된 군과 크레아티닌 배설량에 따라 분류한 각 군에서 모두 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 24시간 요단백량과 단회뇨의 P/C ratio 사이의 오차에 관여할 수 있는 일일 요단백량, 사구체 여과율, 크레아티닌 배설량, 연령, 성별 등에 대해 다중회귀분석을 실시하였고 요 크레아티닌 배설량만이 통계적으로 유의한 인자로 분석 되었고, 나머지 일일 단백량, 사구체 여과율, 연령, 성별들은 유의하지 않았다. 결 론 : 소아에서 광범위한 조사군을 대상으로 하여 연령이나 성별에 따른 크레아티닌 배설량을 고려하여 P/C ratio의 cutoff치를 설정한다면 단회뇨의 P/C ratio는 24시간 요단백량을 대치할 수 있는 방법으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제3권호
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• pp.54-70
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• 1993

According as the automation of clerical work(OA ; Office Automation) develops, the use of VDT(Visual or Video Display Terminal) is increasing suddenly. But, in proportion to the spread of office automation(OA tendency), the self-conciousness syptom attendant upon the work is appearing also (Kim, Jung Tae, Lee, Young Ook, 1990). The apparatuses of office enable the clerical workers to be convenient and perform mass businesses. But, they are increasing the opportunity to be exposed to VDT syndrom, techno stress, computer terminal disease, pain by muscle strain(RSI), bradycausia of noise nature, and electromagnetic waves, etc. which are referred to as the new type of occupational diseases to the workers. It is the real situation that the workers to use VDT is complaining of the physical inconvenience sense in the recent newspaper and literature, it is the point of time that the sydrome to come from VDT use and computer terminal disease, etc. must be classified into the occupational disease(Lee, Kwang Young 1990, Lee, Kyoo Hak 1990, Lee, Won Ho 1991, Lee, Si Young 1991, Lee, Joon 1991, Choi, Young Tae 1991, Heo, Seung Ho 1989). In addition, it is the real situation that the scientifitic study result about the scope that electromagnetic waves has influence on the human body has not been suggested yet, and criticism on the stable exposure permission standard about electromagnetic waves to be emitted from VDT and on the problem in the health about electromagnetic waves is continuing. (IEEE Spectrum, 1990). In addition according to the experience of nursery business of industry field, it is the real situation that the patients who consult complaining of physical and mental inconvenience sence, among the users of apparatus of office automation, are reaching 10% of the patients coming to doctor's room. Therefore, it is necessary to confirm the self-consciousness symptom that the clerical workers complain of multilaterally with the actual state examination about the use of the apparatuses of offices automaton. Thus, this study was tried as th basic data for the cosultation and education for the maintenance and furtherance of the health of workers as the nurse of industry field, by confirming the contents of self-consciousness symptom attendant upon the use of the apparatus for office outomation making the financial institution in which the spparatus for office automation in most frequently used as the subject, and by examining whether there is the difference according to the subject of study, the data were collected, by using the questionnaire method, making 200 workers who consented to the study participation as the subject, among the persons who have spent over 3 months since they used the apparatuses for office automation and didn't receive the treatment in hospital due to the clerical disease for recent 3 years. The period of data collection was from Oct. 9, 1991 to Oct. 12. As for the measurement instrument about the complaint if self-consciousness symptom attendant upon the use of apparatuses fo office automation, the question item on the complaint symptom of health problem attendant upon the treatment of VDT that Kim(1991) developed and on CMI health problem and the question items on the fatigue degree due to industry were used by previous examination to 25 persons. Collected data were analyzed with the statistical method such as percentage, arithmetic mean, Person correlation coeffient, Kai square verfication, t-test, ANOVA, etc. by using SPSS/PC+ program, and the result is as follows : 1. The self-consciousness symptom that the clerical workers complained of most frequetly appeared high in 'My eyes are tired'(99.4%), 'I feel fatigue and weariness'(99.4%), 'I feel that my head is heavy5(90.0%), 'eyesight fell'(88.8%), 'I have a stiff neck'(88.8%), 'I fell pain in the shoulder'(85.0%), 'I feel cold and painful in the eyes'(76.9%), 'I feel the dry sense of eyeball'(76.2%), 'My nerves are edgy, and I an fretful, (75.6%), 'I feel pain in the waist'(73.2%) and 'I fell pain in the back'(72.8%). It emerged that the subject use the apparatuses for office automation complained of self-consciousness symptoms related to visual symptoms and musculoskeletal symptoms. 2. As for the general feature of examination subjects, the result to see the distribution by classifying into sex, age, school career, use career of apparatuses for office automation, skillfulness degree of the use of apparatus for office automation, use hours of the apparatuses for office automation per 1 day, type of business of the apparatus for office automation, rest hours during the use of apparatus for office automation, satifaction degree of business of office automation, and work circumstance, etc. emerged as follows : As for the sex of subjects, the distribution showed that men were 58.8% and women were 41.3%, Age was average 26.9. As the distribution of school career, the distribution showed that4below the graduation of high school' was 58.8%, 'graduation from junior college-university' was 35.0%, and 'over graduate school' was 6.3%. In the question to ask the existence or non-existence of experience of health consultation in connection with the work of office automation, the response that I had the consultation exprience and I feel the necessity emergerd as 90.1% And, the case that the subject who didn't wear the glasses or lens before using the OA apparatus wear glasses or lens after using OA apparatus emerged as 28.3% of whole. As for the existence or non-existence of use career of OA apparatus, the case under 3 years was highest as 52. 7%. As for the skillfulnness degree about the use of apparatus for office automation, most of them are skillful with the fact that 'common' was 44.4%, 'skill' was 42.5%, and 'unskillful' was 13.1% As for the use average hours of the apparatus for office automation per 1 day, the distribution showed that the case under 3-6 hours was 33.1%, the case under 6-9 hours was 28.1%, the case under 3 hours was 30.6%, and the case over 9 hours was 8.1% Main OA business and the use hours for 1 day showed in the order of keeping and retrieval, business of information transmission(162min), business of information transmission(79.3 min), business of document framing(55.5 min), and business of duplication and printing(25.4min). as for the rest during the use of apparatus for affice automation, that I take rest occasion demands the major portion, but that I take after completing the work emerged as 33.8%. Though the subiness gets to be convenient by the use of the apparatus for of office automation, respondents who showed the dissatisfaction about the present OA business emergd high as 78.1%. The work circumstances of each office was good with the fact that the temperature of office was 21.8, noise was average 42.7db, and the illumination was average 364.4 lx, in the light of ANSi/HFS 100 Standard. 3. Sight syptom, musculoskeletal symptom, skin and other symptoms showed the significant difference according to the extent of skillfulness of the apparatus for office automation. All the symptoms exept skin symptom showed the difference according to the use hours of the apparatus for office automation. All the question items exept the sytoms of digestive organs and the rest hours during the apparatus for office automation showed the signicant difference. The question item which showed the signicant difference from the satisfaction degree of present OA business showed the significant difference from all the question item classified into 6 groups. But, age and school career didn't significant difference from the complaint of any self-consciousness symptoms.