• 제목/요약/키워드: alkali activation

검색결과 112건 처리시간 0.023초

F급 플라이 애쉬-모르타르의 강도발현에 대한 NaOH과 Na2SiO3·9H2O 첨가의 영향 (Effects of NaOH and Na2SiO3·9H2O Addition on Strength Development of Class F Fly Ash-Mortar)

  • 박상숙;강화영;한상호;강희복
    • 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.261-269
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구의 목적은 칼슘 함량이 낮은 플라이 애쉬를 이용하여 포틀랜트시멘트를 대신할 수 있는 알칼리활성 플라이 애쉬-시멘트를 제조하는데 있다. 플라이 애쉬의 활성화는 다양한 수산화나트륨 농도와 온도 그리고 liquid/fly ash 혼합비율에서 수행하였다. 좀 더 높은 압축강도를 가진 경화체를 얻기 위하여 규산나트륨을 알칼리 용액에 첨가하였다. 강도발현의 관점에서 볼 때, liquid/fly ash의 혼합비율과 활성화제 농도 그리고 온도는 항상 중요한 인자로 작용하였다. $NaOH(210g)+Na_2SiO_3{\cdot}9H_2O(30g)+H_2O=1L$로 구성된 알칼리 활성용액은 $50^{\circ}C$에서 칼슘 함량이 낮은 플라이 애쉬의 알칼리활성 효과를 가장 높게 나타냈다. 알칼리활성화된 플라이 애쉬는 주로 quartz와 mullite 그리고 무정형의 aluminosilicate로 구성되었음을 SEM과 XRD 분석결과에서 보여주었다.

고온에서의 알칼리 활성화 내화성 결합재의 강도 및 공극구조 평가 (Estimation of Strength and Pore Structure of Alkali-Activated Fire Protection Materials at High Temperature)

  • 송훈;김영호;김완기;소형석
    • 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.59-66
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    • 2012
  • This study is interested in identifying the effectiveness of alkali-activated fire protection material compounds including the alkali-activator such as potassium hydroxide, sodium silicate and fly ash as the fire resistant finishing materials. Also, this paper is concerned with change in compressive strength and pore structure of the alkali-activated fire protection material at high temperatures. The testing methods of fire protection materials in high temperature properties are make use of TG-DSC and mercury intrusion porosimetry measurements. This study results show that compressive strength is rapidly degraded depending on a rise of heating temperature. Porosity showed a tendency to increase irrespective of specimen types. This is due to both the outbreak of collapse of gel comprising the cement and a micro crack by heating. However, alkali-activated fire protection material composed of potassium hydroxide, sodium silicate and fly ash has the thermal stability of the slight decrease of compressive strength and porosity at high temperature. These thermal stability is caused by the ceramic binding capacity induced by alkali activation reaction by the reason of the thermal analysis result not showing the decomposition of calcium hydrate.

알칼리 첨가 및 양생방법에 따른 슬래그 경화체의 특성 (The Properties of Hardened Slag by Alkali and Curing Method)

  • 김원기;소정섭;배동인
    • 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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    • pp.27-32
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    • 2002
  • In this research influences of type and concentration of alkali activator and curing condition on the hydration, and properties of alkali activated blast furnace slag(AAS) concrete were investigated. Sodium carbonate and sulfate were used as alkali activators and their concentration were 4~10 weight percent with Na$_2$O equivalent to binder. The curing conditions were standard curing using 23$^{\circ}C$ water and activated curing chamber at $65^{\circ}C$. Results show that in case of sodium carbonate addition high early strengths were gained by activation of early hydration, but later strength gained was slight. On the other side sodium sulfate strengths were continuously increased with adding amount and ages. Steam curing activated early hydration so that early strengths were improved but later strengths were similar to standard curing. The strength reduction of AAS mortar with sodium sulfate was less than OPC mortar in 5% sulfuric acid solution so that AAS concrete can be useful for acid-resistance concrete.

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Development of geopolymer with pyroclastic flow deposit called Shirasu

  • Katpady, Dhruva Narayana;Takewaka, Koji;Yamaguchi, Toshinobu
    • Advances in materials Research
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.179-192
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    • 2015
  • The study presents a preliminary investigation on the applicability of Shirasu (a pyroclastic flow deposit characterized by high percentage of volcanic glass) in geopolymer. Comparative study on compressive strength and internal pore structure has been done between geopolymers with alkali activated Shirasu and fly ash as aluminosilicates. Mortar mix proportions are selected based on variations in ratio of alkaline activators to aluminosilicate and also on silica to alkali hydroxide ratio. From the experimental study, Shirasu geopolymer exhibited fairly good compressive strength. Mix proportion based on silica to alkali hydroxide ratio is observed to have profound effect on strength development.

효소(酵素)·알칼리 증해(蒸解)의 탈(脱)리그닌에 관(関)한 동역학적(動力學的) 분석(分析) (The Kinetics of Delignification in Oxygen·Alkali pulping)

  • 조병묵;신동소
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제56권1호
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    • pp.26-50
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    • 1982
  • 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 효소(酵素) 알칼리 증해(蒸解)의 리그닌 용출거동(溶出挙動) 파악하기 위(爲)해 잣나무(Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.) 목분(木粉)을 공시(供試)하여 $110^{\circ}C$, $120^{\circ}C$, $130^{\circ}C$, $140^{\circ}C$, 및 $150^{\circ}C$의 5 수준(水準) 온도(溫度)로 60분간(分間) 1단(段) 등온(等溫) 효소(酵素) 알칼리 탈(脱)리그닌 처리(処理)를 행(行)한 후(後), 그 탈(脱)리그닌 반응속도(反応速度), 활성화(活性化)에너지 및 반응시간별(反応時間別) 알칼리와 효소(酵素)의 소비동향(消費動向)을 동역학적(動力學的) 방법(方法)으로 구명(究明)하였다. 그 결과(結果)를 보면 탈(脱)리그닌은 반응초기(反応初期)에 전(全)리그닌 함량(含量)의 2/5가량이 급속(急速)히 용출(溶出)되는 초기(初期) 산화반응(酸化反応)을 나타냈다. 탈(脱)리그닌 반응(反応)의 속도상교(速度常敎)(K)는 반응온도(反応溫度) $150^{\circ}C$의 경우, 소오다법(法)에 비(比)해 3배정도(倍程度) 더 컸다. 본 법(法)의 활성화(活性化)에너지 값은 크라프트나 소오다 펄프법화(法化)보다 1/3정도(程度) 낮은 수준(水準)이었다. 알칼리소비량은 효소(酵素)의 경우와 마찬가지로 반응초기(反応初期)에 총투입량(總投入量)의 1/2가량이 급속히 소모된 후, 완만한 소비협추세(消費趨勢)를 보였다. 탈(脱)리그닌 반응속도(反応速度)는 증해과정중 생성되는 유기산(有機酸) 때문에 pH가 감소됨에 따라 크게 영향을 받았다. 또한 증해용출(蒸解溶出)된 리그닌은 잘 침전(沈澱)되지 않을 만큼 저분자화(低分子化) 됨을 알수 있었다. 리그닌의 메톡실기(基)는 급속히 감소(減少)되는데 반(反)해, 페놀성(性) 하이드록실기(基), 카보닐기(基) 및 카복실기(基)는 증가(增加)추세를 보였다.

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MLR & ANN approaches for prediction of compressive strength of alkali activated EAFS

  • Ozturk, Murat;Cansiz, Omer F.;Sevim, Umur K.;Bankir, Muzeyyen Balcikanli
    • Computers and Concrete
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    • 제21권5호
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    • pp.559-567
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    • 2018
  • In this study alkali activation of Electric Arc Furnace Slag (EAFS) is studied with a comprehensive test program. Three different silicate moduli (1-1,5-2), three different sodium concentrations (4%-6%-8%) for each silicate module, two different curing conditions (45%-98% relative humidity) for each sodium concentration, two different curing temperatures ($400^{\circ}C-800^{\circ}C$) for each relative humidity condition and two different curing time (6h-12h) for each curing temperature variables are selected and their effects on compressive strength was evaluated then regression equations using multiple linear regressions methods are fitted. And then to select the best regression models confirm with using the variables, the regression models compared between itself. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models that use silicate moduli, sodium concentration, relative humidity, curing temperature and curing time variables, are formed. After the investigation of these ANN models' results, ANN and multiple linear regressions based models are compared with each other. After that, an explicit formula is developed with values of the ANN model. As a result of this study, the fluctuations of data set of the compressive strength were very well reflected using both of the methods, multiple linear regression with quadratic terms and ANN.

디니트로티오펜계 분산염료인 C. I. Disperse Green 9의 알칼리 가수분해 반응속도 및 반응메카니즘 (Kinetics and Mechanism for Alkaline Hydrolysis of Dinitrothiophene Disperse Dye(C. I. Disperse Green 9))

  • 박건용;김재현
    • 한국염색가공학회지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.18-25
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    • 2007
  • Kinetics and mechanism for alkaline hydrolysis of C. I. Disperse Green 9(G-9) of dinitrothiophene disperse dye were investigated. As soon as G-9 contacted with alkali, instant and continuous decreases of color strength of G-9 followed with increasing time. The hydrolysis rate of G-9 increased with increasing alkali, and it was found that alkali appeared first order dependence. The observed rate constants obtained from hydrolysis of various amount of dye were similar values, and calculation of initial rates showed that G-9 hydrolyzed by first order reaction for dye. Therefore it was confirmed that the overall reaction was second order, $SN_2$ of nucleophilic substitution reaction. Increasing temperature enhanced the hydrolysis of G-9. From the results of hydrolysis performed at various temperatures, it was obtained that activation energy(Ea) was 12.6 kcal/mole, enthalpy of reaction(${\triangle}H$) was 12.0 kcal/mole, and entropy of reaction(${\triangle}S$) was $29.8J/mol{\cdot}K$.

알칼리 활성화 플라이애쉬를 사용한 비소성 무기결합재의 제조기술 개발 (Development of Manufacturing Technology of Non-Sintered Inorganic Using Alkali-activated Fly-ash)

  • 정석조;추용식;이종규
    • 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표회 제17권2호
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    • pp.753-756
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    • 2005
  • Recently, the alkali activation of Fly-ash has become a significant field of research because it is possible to use these materials having highly chemical reaction property. Also, the product does not generate CO2 gas, unlike ordinary Portland cement(O.P.C). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to design for improving mechanical and chemical properties using Fly-ash and Meta-kaolin. And additive(CaO) affected to control the strength behaviors and shrinkage rate.

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해양 준설세립토의 재사용성 분석에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Analysis of Reusability of Marine Dredged Fine-grained Soils)

  • 김채민;목정흠;최용규
    • 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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    • 제16권9호
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    • pp.5-12
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    • 2015
  • 해양정화사업으로 많은 양의 준설토가 발생하고 있는데 이 중 입자가 작은 준설세립토는 폐기물로 버려지고 있는 실정이다. 일반매립재와 성토재 및 호안블록, 콘크리트 블록으로서의 사용성을 확인하기 위하여 관련 기준들을 고찰하였으며, 준설세립토에 대한 지반공학적 물성시험과 알칼리 활성화 반응을 통하여 성토재, 호안블록 및 콘크리트 블록으로서의 사용성을 분석하였다. 준설토 중 준설모래는 성토재로서 사용이 가능하였으며, 준설세립토 만으로 일반 매립제로 사용이 가능하였다. 그리고 준설세립토와 준설모래를 혼합하여 성토재로 사용할 수 있었다. 고로수재 슬래그와의 알칼리 활성화 반응을 통하여 생성된 재료는 호안블록 및 콘크리트 블록 등으로 사용할 수 있었다.

알칼리 활성 황토 결합재 제조를 위한 프로토타입의 마이크로파 가열 시스템 개발 (Development of Prototype System for Microwave Heating in a Manufacture Process of Alkali Activted Hwangtoh Binder)

  • 김백중;로양;이종구;강경인
    • 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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    • pp.25-26
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    • 2011
  • The objective of this study is to develop the prototype system for microwave heating in a manufacture process of alkali activated Hwangtoh binder as replacement materials for the cement in concrete. In order to achieve this, four research phases are carried out as follows: 1) establishment of a system concept 2) deduction of a system element 3) design of the entire system 4) making of the prototype system for microwave heating.

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