• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.174-181
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• 2009

Pterocarpus marsupium, Clitoria ternatea, and Sanseveiria cylindrica are some of the important and endangered medicinal plant species of India. Despite of medicinal properties, antibacterial potential of the plants have not yet been explored. The present study was designed to optimize the in vitro technique for micropropagation and to screen the extracts from leaves and in vitro raised calli for antibacterial properties. Excised leaf-explants from the parent plants were surface sterilized and cultivated on Murashige & Skoog's (MS) medium containing $N^6$-benzyladenine (BA) in concentrations of 1, 2, 5, and $10{\mu}M$. Optimal growth of calli was noticed at a concentration of $5{\mu}M$, therefore the extracts from calli grown at this concentration were further studied for antibacterial activity. Both alcoholic and aqueous extracts from leaves of respective plants, and their in vitro raised calli were tested for antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Aqueous extracts showed antibacterial activity against limited number of bacterial species; notably the extracts of C. ternatea which showed antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus. Alcoholic extracts of all three plants showed antibacterial activity against a wider range of bacteria. Among the Gram-positive bacteria, extracts from C. ternatea showed strong antibacterial activity against Bacillus spp., whereas the extracts of S. cylindrica showed good antibacterial potential for Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and S. pyogenes. The extracts from all three plants showed antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, including, Salmonella spp. and Shigella dysenteriae; organisms causing enteric fever and dysentery. In most of the cases, the extracts from respective calli showed comparable, and in some cases better, result in comparison to the extracts from parent leaves. To the best of our knowledge this is the first preliminary report on antibacterial potential, especially through calli extracts, of these plants; and in vitro cultivation of the explants may be used to obtain phytotherapeutic compounds.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2004

Oxidative stress is one of the major reasons for brain aging and neurodegeneration. Ethanol and acetaldehyde increase the levle of oxidative stress in brain tissue resulting in aging and neurodegeneration related alcoholic dementia. Ginkgo biloba extracts are used as therapeutic and preventive agent for dementia. Here, it was investigated whether Ginkgo biloba extract show the effectiveness against ethanol- and acetaldehyde-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Ethanol and acetaldehyde increased the level of oxidative stress by about 35% to 50% in rat brain tissue. However, Ginkgo biloba extracts reduced the level of ethanol- and acetaldehyde-induced oxidative stress. This result might reveal the link between the effectiveness of Ginkgo biloba extracts on oxidative stress and its effectiveness on alcoholic dementia.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 1997

Crude catechin extracts were prepared using ethyl acetate from Korean Puerariae Radix (PR) and their biological effects on the alcoholic liver damage were investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old). Ethanol (5g ethanol/kg body weight/day) administration was performed for 8 weeks and after ethanol consuming rats were treated with one or two% catechin extracts of diet for 8 weeks. At the end of experimental period, lipid hydroperoxides in liver were analyzed using a chemiluminescence-high performance liquid chromatography (CL-HPLC) method. Compared with control animals, ethanol consumed rats showed lighter body weights, lower ratios of liver/body weight, higher activities of GOT and GPT, and increased lipid hydroperoxide amount in liver. With one or two% catechin extracts treatment, GOT and GPT activities returned to normal ranges. Lipid hydroperoxide contents in liver of on or two% PR treated rats lowered to 20% or 25% respectively, compared with the levels of those ethanol consumed animals without catechin extracts treatment. Therefore, we concluded that on or two% PR crude catechins treatment could be effective for alcoholic liver damage caused by lipid peroxidation.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.266-272
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• 1998

The present study investigated the antitumor activity of the aqueous-alcoholic extracts from unripe cotton balls of Gossypium indicum. An Exposure of murine B16 melanoma and L1210 lymphoma cells to the extracts resulted in their severe deaths in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Of the extracts, hydrophilic fractions were most efficacious for the antitumor activity and found to contain certain amounts of catechin and its derivatives. The hydrophilic extract fraction C36B2-8 had approximately 10 times more cytotoxic effects on B12 and L1210 cells than on isolated murine thymocytes. High concentrations (>150 $\mu$g/ml) of C 36B3-8 mainly induced necrotic cell death. At low concentrations (<100 $\mu$g/ml), however, C 36B3-8 induced not only necrosis but also apoptosis of the two tumor cell lines, which was proved by the TUNEL staining and DNA fragmentation techniques. The data indicate that certain ingredients of the cotton ball extract of G. indicum have an antitumor activity.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2004

The effect of aqueous and alcoholic extract of the leaves of Ocimum. sanctum was studied on the spontaneous movements of the whole worm (w.w) preparation and nerve muscle (n.m.) complex of Setaria cervi (S. cervi) and on the survival of microfilariae (m.f.) in vitro. Both the extracts caused inhibition of the spontaneous motility of the w.w. and n.m. complex of S. cervi characterized by initial stimulation followed by reversible paralysis, aqueous extract at a higher concentration showed immediate effect and irreversible paralysis. The concentration required to inhibit the movements of n.m. complex was $1/4^{th}$ for aqueous and $1/3^{rd}$ for alcoholic extract compared to that for the w.w., suggesting a cuticular permeability barrier. On the m.f. the lethal concentration (LC 50 and LC 90) were 35 and 50 ng/ml for aqueous whereas, 60 and 85 ng/ml for alcoholic extracts respectively.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1998

Jaceidin, Jaceidin-7-O-methylether and quercetin were isolated from-Juniperus phoenicea L. alcoholic extract, however, Sequoiaflavone was isolated from Cupressus semperiverns L. In addition, the alcoholic extracts of both plants were found to contain also kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetrin, myricitrin, cupressuflavone. The chemical identities of the isolated compounds were established using UV, IR, $^1H-and\;^{13}C-NMR$ spectroscopy.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2016

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of beverages containing fermented Akebia quinata extracts on alcoholic hangover. For this study, 25 healthy young men were recruited. All participants consumed 100 mL of water (placebo), commercial hangover beverage A or B, fermented A. quinata leaf (AQL) or fruit (AQF) extract before alcohol consumption. After 1 h, all participants consumed a bottle of Soju, Korean distilled liquor (360 mL), containing 20% alcohol. Blood was collected at 0 h, 1 h, 3 h, and 5 h after alcohol consumption. The plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) activity was highest in the placebo group. Compared with the control group, the AQL and AQF groups showed decreased ALT activity at 5 h after alcohol consumption. Plasma ethanol concentration was increased after alcohol intake and peaked at 3 h after alcohol consumption. Compared with the control group, the A group showed a higher plasma ethanol concentration at 1 h (P<0.05). At 3 h after alcohol consumption, the AQF group showed the lowest mean plasma ethanol concentration compared to the other groups; however, there were no statistical differences. After 5 h of alcohol consumption, the AQL and AQF groups showed lower plasma ethanol concentrations compared with the B group. The sensory evaluation score for the fermented A. quinata fruit extract was lower than for the commercial hangover beverages. In conclusion, the present intervention study results suggest that fermented A. quinata extracts alleviate alcoholic hangover and reduce plasma ethanol concentrations.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 1984

백쥐의 사료(飼料)에 석이버섯의 수용성(水溶性) 및 EtOH 추출물(抽出物)을 지(知)하여 지질대사(脂質代謝) 및 cholesterol대사(代謝)에 미치는 영향을 검토(檢討)한 결과(缺課), 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. (1) 간희(肝曦) 및 혈(血) cholesterol 저하작용(低下作用)에 관해서는 수용성(水溶性) 추출물(抽出物)이나 EtOH 추출물(抽出物)이 동시(同時)에 유핵(有劾)하다는 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 그리고 EtOH 추출물(抽出物)이 수용성(水溶性) 추출물(抽出物)보다 약간 높은 경향을 보였다. (2) 이 cholesterol 저하작용(低下作用)에 관여하는 유핵성출(有劾性物)은 물이나 EtOH의 추출(抽出)에 따라서 어느 쪽의 추출액으로도 이행(移行)되는 성질(性質)을 가지고 있다고 추정(推定)된다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.240-245
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• 2005

The effect of aqueous and alcoholic extract of seeds of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) was studied on the spontaneous movements of the whole worm (w.w) preparation and nerve muscle (n.m) complex of Setaria cervi (S. cervi). Both the extracts caused inhibition of spontaneous movements of the w.w and n.m complex characterized by initial stimulation followed by irreversible paralysis, with the exception that aqueous extract produced a partially reversible paralysis of w.w preparation. Lesser concentration of both the extracts was required to inhibit the movements of n.m complex than the w.w. Suggesting a cuticular permeability barrier. The lethal concentration $50\;(LC_{50})$ and lethal concentration $90\;(LC_{90})$ were 30 and 55 ng/ml for aqueous and 45 and 60 ng/ml for alcoholic extracts respectively.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.198-206
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• 2023

The effectiveness of the extracts of Alnus japonica and Portulaca oleracea, which are effective in improving alcohol-induced liver damage, was confirmed using acute and chronic alcoholic liver injury animal models. In the acute alcoholic liver injury model, dieting Alnus japonica and Portulaca oleracea complex (ALPOC) at a dose of 50 mg/kg showed no significant change in liver or body weight, while measured plasma ALT activity to be deficient (28.12 U/ml) compared to the alcohol intake group (42.5 U/ml), and confirmed that restored it to an average level. It showed an improvement of 34.9% compared to the alcohol intake group. AST activity confirmed that it showed a very effective liver protection activity by showing a gain of 12.6%. The chronic alcoholic liver damage animal model demonstrated that ALT showed an improvement effect of 25%, and AST showed an effect similar to that of the positive control group, Hovenia extract. In addition, through H&E staining analysis, observed that the ALPOC improved the necrosis and bleeding of the liver. And the ALPOC group showed intense antioxidant activity of 127% or more compared to the alcohol intake group, and this was confirmed to have a very high activity, which is more than 20% higher than that of the hovenia fruit extract.