• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.189-225
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• 2021

The use of albendazole and mebendazole, i.e., benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintics, in treatment of parasitic infections, as well as cancers, is briefly reviewed. These drugs are known to block the microtubule systems of parasites and mammalian cells leading to inhibition of glucose uptake and transport and finally cell death. Eventually they exhibit ovicidal, larvicidal, and vermicidal effects on parasites, and tumoricidal effects on hosts. Albendazole and mebendazole are most frequently prescribed for treatment of intestinal nematode infections (ascariasis, hookworm infections, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis, and enterobiasis) and can also be used for intestinal tapeworm infections (taeniases and hymenolepiasis). However, these drugs also exhibit considerable therapeutic effects against tissue nematode/cestode infections (visceral, ocular, neural, and cutaneous larva migrans, anisakiasis, trichinosis, hepatic and intestinal capillariasis, angiostrongyliasis, gnathostomiasis, gongylonemiasis, thelaziasis, dracunculiasis, cerebral and subcutaneous cysticercosis, and echinococcosis). Albendazole is also used for treatment of filarial infections (lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, loiasis, mansonellosis, and dirofilariasis) alone or in combination with other drugs, such as ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine. Albendazole was tried even for treatment of trematode (fascioliasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, and intestinal fluke infections) and protozoan infections (giardiasis, vaginal trichomoniasis, cryptosporidiosis, and microsporidiosis). These drugs are generally safe with few side effects; however, when they are used for prolonged time (>14-28 days) or even only 1 time, liver toxicity and other side reactions may occur. In hookworms, Trichuris trichiura, possibly Ascaris lumbricoides, Wuchereria bancrofti, and Giardia sp., there are emerging issues of drug resistance. It is of particular note that albendazole and mebendazole have been repositioned as promising anti-cancer drugs. These drugs have been shown to be active in vitro and in vivo (animals) against liver, lung, ovary, prostate, colorectal, breast, head and neck cancers, and melanoma. Two clinical reports for albendazole and 2 case reports for mebendazole have revealed promising effects of these drugs in human patients having variable types of cancers. However, because of the toxicity of albendazole, for example, neutropenia due to myelosuppression, if high doses are used for a prolonged time, mebendazole is currently more popularly used than albendazole in anti-cancer clinical trials.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2001

한우에서 albendazole을 경구투여하였을 때의 albendazole의 생체내 대사 및 약물동태학적 특성을 밝히고자 하였다. 거의 모든 가축종에서 albendazole은 투여 후 신속하게 대사산물로 전환되기 때문에 albendazole 대사산물에 대한 분석법 확립이 albendazole의 생체내 거동을 파악하기 위하여 매우 긴요하다. 본 연구에서는 albendazole 및 그 대사산물인 albendazole sulfoxide(ABZSO)와 albendazole sulfone(ABZS $O_2$)을 LC/MS을 이용하여 높은 분석능을 획득할 수 있었다. Albendazole을 한우에 5 mg/kg을 경구토여하였을 때 모약인 albendazole은 첫 두 채혈시점인 0.5 h 1h에서만 측정되었을 뿐 그 이후에는 측정되지 않았다. 한편, ABZSO와 ABZS $O_2$은 첫 채혈 시점인 0.5h부터 측정되어 투여 후 각각 48h 및 72h까지 측정이 가능하였다. 두 대사산물의 초기 생성속도는 비슷하였다. 혈중최고농도 도달시간 ($T^{max}$)은 ABZSO가 12.00 h로서 ABZS $O_2$의 22.50$\pm$3.00h보다 빨랐으며 (p<0.005), ABZSO의 최고농도 ( $C_{max}$)는 0.96$\pm$0.15 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml이었고 ABZS $O_2$의 그것을 1.05$\pm$0.05 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml를 나타내었다. 소실반감기 ($t^$\frac{1}{2}$, ke/$)는 ABZSO는 4.14$\pm$0.30 h로 ABZS $O_2$의 6.95$\pm$0.36 h보다 빨랐으며 (p<0.005), MRT (mean residence time)는 각각 13.11$\pm$0.05 h와 21.60$\pm$1.99h로서 ABZS $O_2$가 생체내에 더욱 오래 머물렀다 (p<0.005). ABZSO는 AU $C_{0}$$\longrightarrow$$\infty$/는 ABZS $O_2$의 그것보다 작았다. 이러한 사실로 미루어보아 ABZ을 한우에 구충목적으로 투여할 때 구충활성을 가진 것으로 알려져 있는 ABZSO의 생체내 거동을 고려하여 용법용량을 설정하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.537-540
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• 2014

We present a case of ocular toxocariasis treated successfully with oral albendazole in combination with steroids. A 26-year-old male visited the authors' clinic with the chief complaint of flying flies in his right eye. The fundus photograph showed a whitish epiretinal scar, and the fluorescein angiography revealed a hypofluorescein lesion of the scar and late leakage at the margin. An elevated retinal surface and posterior acoustic shadowing of the scar were observed in the optical coherence tomography, and Toxocara IgG was positive. The patient was diagnosed with toxocariasis, and the condition was treated with albendazole (400 mg twice a day) for a month and oral triamcinolone (16 mg for 2 weeks, once a day, and then 8 mg for 1 week, once a day) from day 13 of the albendazole treatment. The lesions decreased after the treatment. Based on this study, oral albendazole combined with steroids can be a simple and effective regimen for treating ocular toxocariasis.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1984

Albendazole, a new broad spectrum anthelmintic drug, was evaluated for anthelmintic effects in 74 patients with single or mixed infections of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura. Enterobius vermicularis, Metagonimus yokogawai, Clonorchis sinensis and Taenia spp. Albendazole was administered as a single dose of 400 mg. The cure rate for A. lumbricoides and E. vermicularis was 91.4% and 98.1% respectively at day 30 post-treatment: for T. trichiura it was 51.1% and for M. yakogawai and C. sinensis it was 33.3% and 13.3% respectively. The egg reduction rate at day 30 was 98.5% in A. lumbricoides, 76.5% for T. trichiura : 60.0% for M. yokogawai and 59.6% for C. sinensis However it was not cured in all 5 cases of taeniasis at three months follow-up examination. On the other hand, the various dosages of albendazole were given to the patients infected with C. sinensis and Taenia spp. respectively. The follow-up examinations were carried out at 30 days after treatment in clonorchiasis and at 3 months after treatment in taeniasis. In the results, the recommended dosage of albendazole for clonorchiasis is $3{\times}400mg$ for 3 consecutive days and for taeniasis $2{\times}400mg$ for 3 consecutive days. There were no side effects with the above dosages except only a mild abdominal pain and dizziness in a few patients. Albendazole appears to be more effective than the other available broad spectrum anthelmintic drugs.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.239-243
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• 2005

Current treatments for canine Giardia infections include albendazole, fenbendazole and metronidazole in the most cases. To compare efficacy of these antimicrobial drugs for treating naturally infected giardiasis in dogs, we used the zinc sulfate concentration technique(ZSCT) to figure out naturally infected with Giardia. In this study, feces were collected from 150 asymptomatic dogs at a kennel, 28 asymptomatic Giardia infected dogs were used by the allocated four group to receive albendazole(group A, 25 mg/kg, PO, bid, 7 days), fenbendazole(group F, 50 mg/kg, PO, sid, 7 days), metronidazole (group M, 50 mg/kg, PO, sid, 7 days), nontreated control(group NC) respectively. Fecal samples from each dog were examined for Giardia cysts within 3 days of the last treatment. Giardia cysts were not detected in the feces of any dog in group F. Cysts were detected in the feces 1 of 7 dogs in group A or in the feces 2 of 7 dogs in group M. In the group NC, cysts were detected in the feces of 7 of 7 dogs. Finally, there was significant difference for efficacy between antimicrobial drugs against Giardia in dogs. Fenbendazo1e is the most efficacy to have giardiacidal activity.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.321-327
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• 1986

The anthelmintic efficacy of Albendazo1e and Ivermectin against gastrointestinal nematodes, trematodes and cestode was tested in naturally infected Korean native goats. Albendazole was medicated at a dose rate of 10mg/kg of body weight orally and Ivermectin was injected at a dose rate of 0.2mg/kg of body weight subcutaneously. The efficacy was measured by faecal examinations on the day 7th and the day 14th :after treatment. The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. The efficacy of Albendazole against trematodes and cestode was shown 91.7% in Fasciola hepatica, 68.8% in Paramphislomum spp., 66.7% in Eurytrema pancreaticum and 100% in Moniezia expansa(cestode). 2. The efficacy of Ivermectin against trematodes and cestode was shown 38.8% in Fasciola hepalica, 26.1% in Paramphistomum spp., 22,2% in Eurytrema pancreaticum and 100% in Moniezia expansa(cestode). 3. The anthelmintic efficacy of Albendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes was shown 97.7% in Haemonchus contorus and 100% in Oesophagostomum spp., Ostertagia spp., Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichostrongylus spp., Strongyloides papillosus and Cooperia spp. 4. The efficacy of Ivermectin against gastrointestinal nematodes was shown 96.6% in Haemonchus contortus, 94.1% in Trichostrongylus spp. and 100% in Oesophagostomum spp., Ostertagia spp., Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Strongyloides papillosus and Cooperia spp.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.631-636
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• 1984

The anthelmintic efficiency of Albendazole(Valbazen bolus) at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg of body weight was tested in naturally infected Korean native goat (Black goat) against Fasciola hepatica, Paramphistomum sp., Eurytrema pancreaticum and Moniezia expansa.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.605-611
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• 1985

The anthelmintic efficacy of Albendazole(Valbazen-B) at a dose rate of 10mg /kg of body weight was tested in naturally infected Korean native goats against gastrointestinal nematodes, trematodes and cestode. The drug was administered with Valbazen-B bolus

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.439-449
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• 1998

From September 1997 to August 1998, Korean indigeous goats infected with internal parasites were examined for efficacy of anthelminthics by fecal egg counts. Efficacy of anthelmintic drugs against gastointestinal Haemonchus contortus in goats were effective with Ivermectin(94.9%), Piperazine(92.8%), Levamisole(88.3%), Albendazole(68.2%), respectively. Albendazole was effective against goats with Haemonchus contortus in 3 herds, but not effective in 1 herds. Efficacy of anthelmintic drugs against gastointestinal Paramphistomim sp in goats were effective with Ivermectin(95.3%), Piperazine(93.3%), Albendazole(92.9%), Levamisole(91.1%), respectively. Efficacy of anthelmintic drugs against Eimeria sp in goats were effective with Toltrazuril(92.6%), Diclazuril(90.4% ), Nicarbazin (87.5%), Amprolium(70.0%), respectively. Amprolium was effective against goats with Eimeria sp in 3 herds, but not effective in 1 herds.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2022

Toxocariasis is one of the most common geohelminth infections in several parts of the world. We describe a rare case of ocular toxocariasis with secondary exudative retinal detachment treated with albendazole and an intravitreal dexamethasone implant. A 13-year-old boy with counting finger vision was diagnosed with retinal vasculitis and exudative retinal detachment in his right eye. Fundoscopic examination revealed retinal hemorrhage, retinal vasculitis, and exudative retinal detachment. Serological test using serum and intraocular aqueous humor were positive for anti-Toxocara specific IgG antibodies. He received repeated doses of intravitreal dexamethasone implants combined with oral albendazole. A sequential follow-up optical coherence tomography revealed that the retina was successfully reattached. His visual acuity subsequently improved to 20/400.