• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.10-19
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• 1999

In 1991, the ministry of Gov't. Administration and Home Affairs set up a minimum of one sewage disposal plant in each province. By 1995, 264 models of the capillary infiltration method were set up in 331(78%) villages and the contact oxidation method was set up in 52 places. Since the Gov't. sent a letter to each responsible officer across the country stating their disapproval of the capillary infiltration method, the environmentally friendly sewage disposal system has not been diffused. The current model(mechanical sewage disposal) being used, in agricultural and fishing villages, costs too much for maintenance and operation(\50,000 per capita per year). In particular, because of the difference in sewage characteristics of agricultural and fishing villages from urban sewage, the efficiency of the disposal system is very low. Also, because of the growing need for more disposal plants, the Gov't. is looking for cheaper alternatives. This study has analyzed 2 kinds of sewage disposal. The first is used widely in agricultural and fishing villages in Germany. The second is used widely in similar areas of Korea. It has intended to analyze the characteristics, merits and defects of the sewage disposal water plants and pebbles model which is used widely in Germany and developed compatibly for Korea.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2009

Seed storage lipids of plants, essential for seed germination as energy supplier, have been used for humankind and animal as nutrition sources. Fatty acids of vegetable oils have the characters appropriate for industry based on their chain length, the position and the number of double bonds. So they are used as raw materials for lubricants, cosmetics, soaps, paints and plastics or as energy source such as bio-diesel. However, there is a limit that applies vegetable oils from typical oil crops for industrial uses, mainly because of the mixture of five common fatty acids. Therefore, identification of unusual fatty acids for industrial uses from diverse plant resources and metabolic engineering to produce unusual fatty acids have been carried out in Arabidopsis as a model for the study of oilseed biology. Here, we discuss the unusual fatty acids for industrial uses, the genes synthesizing them in lipid metabolism, and the current limits in production of transgenic plants accumulating unusual fatty acid in their seeds. In addition, we describe our work on metabolic engineering of Brassica napus for the production of the unusual fatty acid ricinoleic acid in the seed, because of its industrial uses.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.367-380
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• 2018

Stems and pods of hyacinth bean cultivated in a farmer's field in Gazipur District, Bangladesh, were found rotted in nearly 5% hyacinth bean plants. A fungus having fluffy mycelium and large sclerotia was isolated from affected tissues. Combined results of morphological, molecular and pathological analyses identified the fungus as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary. Inoculating the fungus on healthy hyacinth bean plants and pods reproduced the symptoms previously observed in the field. The three isolates obtained from naturally infected plants were cross inoculated in hyacinth bean, okra and African-American marigold and they were pathogenic to these hosts. The optimum temperature and pH for its growth were $20^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.0, respectively. Sclerotial development was favored at pH 5.0. Sucrose and mannitol were the best carbon sources to support hyphal growth, while glucose was the most favourable for sclerotial development. The hyacinth bean genotypes, HB-82 (Rupban Sheem) and HB-102 were found highly resistant, while HB-94 (Ashina) was moderate resistant to the fungus. Finally, S. sclerotiorum was sensitive to Bavistin, Dithane M-45 and Rovral fungicides and Ca in the form of $CaCl_2$. This observation could possibly aid in eliminating field loss in hyacinth bean caused by an emerging pathogenic fungus S. sclerotiorum.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1998년도 Proceedings of UNESCO-internetwork Cooperative Regional Seminar and Workshop on Bioassay Guided Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Natural Products and Microbial Products
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• pp.172-173
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• 1998

A research collection of Pseudomons solanacearum bacteria, a pathogen causing ‘bacteria wilt’ disease of more than 265 plant species, represented for northern provinces of Vietnam has recently been established and was saved for examination of antifungal activity in their culture fluids. All strains used in this work have been isolated from infected tomato, potato, and groundnut collected from production fields and they express different levels of virulence on their host plants. Cell-free culture fluids of these strains were tested for antifungal activity (to inhibit growth of mycelium and to destroy germination tube of fungal spores) on a number of fungi that either infect or associate with vegetable crops of Solanaceae family (tomato, potato, pepers...), fruit plants (banana), and even well-known by Vietnamese traditional medicine herbal plants belonging to Trifoliatus, Schefflera, Homalomena and Panax genera (Araliaceae family) of which roots are used as a resource of the herbal material. The antifungal activity was found in nearly all strains tested. Result of study on chitin, CMC, tween 80 and casein degradation abilities of the latter suggested that antifungal activity of positively-found strains may be due to their ability of extracelluar chitinase's excretion that destroy fungal cell wall.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2012

Many of biochemical or physiological processes can be regulated by non-coding RNAs as well as coding RNAs in plants, animals and microbes. Recently, many small RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) and endogenous small interference RNAs (siRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs have been discovered from ubiquitous organisms including plants. Biotic and abiotic stresses are main causal agents of crop losses all over the world. Much efforts have been performed for understanding the complex mechanism of stress responses. Up to date, many of these researches have been related with the identification and investigation of stress-related proteins, showing limitation to resolve the complex mechanism. Recently, non-coding RNAs as well as coding genes have been gradually interested because of its potential roles in plant stress responses as well as other biophysical aspects. In this review, various potential roles of non-coding RNAs, especially miRNAs and siRNAs, are reviewed in relation with plant biotic and abiotic stresses.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.426-433
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• 2018

Plant tissue culture is a technique that has invariably been used for various purposes such as obtaining transgenic plants for crop improvement or functional analysis of genes. However, this process can be associated with a variety of genetic and epigenetic instabilities in regenerated plants, termed as somaclonal variation. In this study, we investigated mutation spectrum, chromosomal distributions of nucleotide substitution types of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (InDels) by whole genome re-sequencing between Dongjin and Nipponbare along with regenerated plants of Dongjin from different induction periods. Results indicated that molecular spectrum of mutations in regenerated rice against Dongjin genome ranged from $9.14{\times}10^{-5}$ to $1.37{\times}10^{-4}$ during one- to three-month callus inductions, while natural mutation rate between Dongjin and Nipponbare genomes was $6.97{\times}10^{-4}$. Non-random chromosome distribution of SNP and InDel was observed in both regenerants and Dongjin genomes, with the highest densities on chromosome 11. The transition to transversion ratio was 2.25 in common SNPs of regenerants against Dongjin genome with the highest C/T transition frequency, which was similar to that of Dongjin against Nipponbare genome.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.533-536
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• 2008

Korean water quality guidelines for agricultural were derived to protect agricultural water uses according to the Canadian methodology. The adverse effect of heavy metals in agricultural water was of concern due to its persistence, bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity to crop plants. The ecotoxicity data of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc were collected for the crops grown in Korea, and used to estimate the species maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (SMATC), which corresponds to the water quality guideline. Values of irrigation per year and soil bulk density were revised to reflect the Korean situation. The estimated guideline values for cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc were 0.01, 0.5, 0.1, and 1.0 mg/L, respectively. These values are in agreement with the agricultural water quality guidelines of foreign countries and current Korean water quality standard for the protection of public health. Current water quality standards in agricultural uses were for management of public water resource, and was not prepared to protect crop plants from contaminants. The results of this study will be a basis for the designation of Korean water quality guidelines for the protection of agricultural water uses in the future.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.417-420
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• 2010

The expression of HR-like lesion inducing gene of Oryza sativa (OsHRL) was slightly increased by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infection. Transgenic rice plants over-expressing OsHRL gene were challenged with Xoo and the development of disease symptoms were examined to investigate the effect of OsHRL gene expression on plant defense responses. The over-expression of OsHRL increased disease resistance against Xoo compared with wild type plants.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2020년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.78-78
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• 2020

Cruciferous plants such as broccoli and radish contain glucosinolate, which is a bioactive precursor that is most often used in Korean foods and is unique as a food ingredient. In addition, it contains various other phytochemicals and is promising as a health-oriented food material. In particular, Sulforaphane is a hydrolyzate of the glucosinolate, which has a more beneficial effect on the human body. Glucosinolate may be hydrolyzed by enzymes called myrosinase, which is voluntarily possessed by cruciferous plants. However, the ESP(Epithiospecifier protein) in broccoli sprouts could acts competitively with myrosinase, and convert to the less bioactive sulforaphane nitrile form. Therefore, we improved the yielding of sulforaphane in broccoli sprouts with a new method. We induce inactivation of the ESP protein by heat treatment. At this time, a myrosinase was introduced from the radish sprout because myrosinase in broccoli sprouts is also denatured by heat treatment. According to the results, we have confirmed by GC / MS that formation of sulforaphane increases more than 7 fold using set heating and mixing conditions.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2005년도 한국식물병리학회 임시총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.74.1-74.1
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• 2005