• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.335-346
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• 2016

For the purpose, this study examines to identify factors influencing urban to rrual migration for farming. This study analyzed 217 urban to rural migrant farmers. The result of this study were as follows: the influence of the main variables on the agricultural challenges of the urban to rural migrant farmers were observed as the relationship of the level of financial preparations, the motivations of urban to rural migration, the agricultural income, the annual of urban to rural migration, the size of agricultural, gender, and age. This study result show that urban to rural migrant farmers' agricultural challenges is influenced by almost economical factors. Therefore, for the successful agricultural activities of the urban to rural migrant farmers show significant impact to need on the composite effort of all such as the individual, the family, the rural society, local autonomous entity, the government.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.4_spc
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• pp.742-754
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• 2024

Asia is not only the primary region for global pig production but also the largest consumer of pork worldwide. Although the pig production in Asia has made great progress in the past, it still is confronted with numerous challenges. These challenges include: inadequate land and feed resources, a substantial number of small-scale pig farms, escalating pressure to ensure environmental conservation, control of devastating infectious diseases, as well as coping with high temperatures and high humidity. To solve these problems, important investments of human and financial capital are required to promote large-scale production systems, exploit alternative feed resources, implement precision feeding, and focus on preventive medicine and vaccines as alternatives to antibiotics, improve pig breeding, and increase manure recycling. Implementation of these techniques and management practices will facilitate development of more environmentally-friendly and economically sustainable pig production systems in Asia, ultimately providing consumers with healthy pork products around the world.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.34-44
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• 2017

The use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UASs) in the construction and agriculture industries continues to gain in popularity and use. Firms within these industries have begun to utilize UASs to perform many of the traditional processes and procedures, which can result in a reduction in total work force and costs needed for a task. However, as with any technology, there is a learning curve and UASs do change the way certain activities are completed. Due to this, there exist firms and individuals that have not or are not willing to invest in UASs yet. The objective of this study is to explore the applications of UASs in construction and agricultural industries to discuss the benefits, challenges, and reasons of investing in UASs. This paper conducted an in-depth literature review of current topics on UASs in construction and agriculture. Additionally, six expert interviews were conducted with individuals from construction and agricultural industries in the southeastern United States. Ultimately, this study successfully found several benefits and challenges to using UASs and discussed the reasons that some firms invest in UASs while other still do not.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2008

Quantitative trait loci, a genetic concept for explaining the inheritance of non-Mendelian traits in 1940s, have been realized as particular fragments of chromosome even unique genes in most crops in 21st century. However, only very a small portion of QTL has been screened out by geneticists comparing to a great number of genes underneath the quantitative traits. These identified QTL even have been seldom used into breeding program because crop breeders may not find the QTL in their breeding populations in their field station. Several key points will be proposed to meet the challenges of QTL analysis today: a fine mapping population and the related reference genetic map, QTL evaluation in multiple environments, recognizing real QTL with small genetic effect, map integration.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.57-69
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• 2024

Crop classification plays a vitalrole in monitoring agricultural landscapes and enhancing food production. In this study, we explore the effectiveness of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models for crop classification, focusing on distinguishing between apple and rice crops. The aim wasto overcome the challenges associatedwith finding phenology-based classification thresholds by utilizing LSTM to capture the entire Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)trend. Our methodology involvestraining the LSTM model using a reference site and applying it to three separate three test sites. Firstly, we generated 25 NDVI imagesfrom the Sentinel-2A data. Aftersegmenting study areas, we calculated the mean NDVI values for each segment. For the reference area, employed a training approach utilizing the NDVI trend line. This trend line served as the basis for training our crop classification model. Following the training phase, we applied the trained model to three separate test sites. The results demonstrated a high overall accuracy of 0.92 and a kappa coefficient of 0.85 for the reference site. The overall accuracies for the test sites were also favorable, ranging from 0.88 to 0.92, indicating successful classification outcomes. We also found that certain phenological metrics can be less effective in crop classification therefore limitations of relying solely on phenological map thresholds and emphasizes the challenges in detecting phenology in real-time, particularly in the early stages of crops. Our study demonstrates the potential of LSTM models in crop classification tasks, showcasing their ability to capture temporal dependencies and analyze timeseriesremote sensing data.While limitations exist in capturing specific phenological events, the integration of alternative approaches holds promise for enhancing classification accuracy. By leveraging advanced techniques and considering the specific challenges of agricultural landscapes, we can continue to refine crop classification models and support agricultural management practices.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2019.09a
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• pp.11-12
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• 2019

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.541-542
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• 2018

We performed improvement of the system function and maintenance task for the link and expand information registration system services in The National Agricultural Biotechnology information Center.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have always mattered in agriculture too. In day-to-day practices of agriculture and allied sectors, the farmers often share their information. Changing weather patterns, soil conditions, pests and diseases always throw challenges to small and marginal farmers. So, the farmer needs up-dated information to cope with and even benefit from these changes. In the developing countries like India, where agriculture still plays a crucial role (over 58% of the rural households depend on agriculture as their livelihood) and the rising population from 1027 million to 1419 million during 2001-16 (a total rise of 38 percent or 1.3 percent per year) pose a lot of pressure on land and other resources to meet the food security needs on one hand and to meet the challenges of globalization on the other. Understanding and addressing these challenges are very crucial, in which ICT can play a major role. With the booming mobile, wireless, and Internet industries, ICT has found a foothold even in poor marginal and smallholder farms and in their activities. The survey conducted among the 120 farmers in Srikakulam district in India revealed that, ICT has revolutionized the agriculture in the modern days. Production and marketing information is accessed by 91% of the sample farmers through mobile in 2015, where it was only 5% in 2005. The extent of use of mobile phones by the farmers varied with the decision to be taken by them like Harvesting, packing, and storing (94%), Selling Decision (91%), Seed purchase (89%), Application of fertilizers and pesticides (88%) and Land preparation and planting (84%), other package of practices (77%). The farmers further opined that, 'Voice' was the dominating source of communication (96%) compared to Short Message Service (SMS) (only 27%) and Internet access (10%), as majority are illiterate. The use of camera (71%), Bluetooth (33%), Radio (61%) TV (41%) are the other means of sharing the information. In this context of importance of ICTs in Indian agriculture, greater attention justifies about the applications of ICT's to alleviate poverty and promote economic growth of the farming population.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2011

Considering that the world population is expected to total 9 billion by 2050, it will clearly be necessary to sustain and even accelerate the rate of improvement in crop productivity. In the 21st century, we now face another, perhaps more devastating, environmental threat, namely climate change, which could cause irreversible damage to agricultural ecosystem and loss of production potential. Enhancing intrinsic yield, plant abiotic stress tolerance, and pest and pathogen resistance through agricultural biotechnology will be a critical part of feeding, clothing, and providing energy for the human population, and overcoming climate change. Development and commercialization of genetically engineered crops have significantly contributed to increase of crop yield and farmer's income, decrease of environmental impact associated with herbicide and insecticide, and to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from this cropping area. Advances in plant genomics, proteomics and system biology have offered an unprecedented opportunities to identify genes, pathways and networks that control agricultural important traits. Because such advances will provide further details and complete understanding of interaction of plant systems and environmental variables, biotechnology is likely to be the most prominent part of the next generation of successful agricultural industry. In this article, we review the prospects for modification of agricultural target traits by genetic engineering, including enhancement of photosynthesis, abiotic stress tolerance, and pest and pathogen resistance associated with such opportunities and challenges under climate change.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.432-438
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• 2017

Slum settlement, a direct result of the rapid worldwide urbanization is a common site in most developing countries. Uganda is among the top African countries with high number of slums. The status of Katanga slum located in the low-lands between Mulago national hospital and Makerere University is a typical of many other slums within Uganda. This project proposal seeks to tackle urbanization challenges by specializing in slum upgrading as a sustainable way of curbing the menace. An integrated toilet, biogas, poultry and backyard gardening project is proposed as a channel of boosting the Katanga slum dwellers' economic, sanitation and domestic energy status. Designed to serve up to 30 households, the project will utilize residual wastes from poultry houses and toilets to produce biogas and slurry. The biogas yield will provide clean cooking fuel and energy for lighting, while the slurry used as organic fertilizers to improve vegetable yields. The social, economic and environmental impacts of the project will empower the vulnerable women and children within the slums and reduce water pollution and land degradation. This affordable project can be applied in developing countries experiencing slum settlement challenges as a strategy for reducing urbanization pressure.