• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.252-259
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• 2023

노화에 따른 난소 기능 저하와 성호르몬 생성 감소는 호르몬 결핍을 유발하여 여성의 갱년기를 유발한다. 여성 갱년기 증상 개선을 목적으로 에스트로겐 유사 물질이 함유된 천연물을 연구하였다. 본 연구는 난소 적출술을 받은 쥐를 대상으로 Gastrodia elata Blume 추출물(TVB-1000)의 효능을 평가하였다. 난소 적출 수술을 한뒤 7일의 회복 기간 후 TVB-1000 처리군에게 16, 40, 100 mg/kg을 12주 동안 경구 투여하였다. OVX 양성 대조군에는 17β-estradiol을 10 ㎍/kg의 용량으로 쥐의 등 부위에 피하 주사하였다. 그 결과 TVB-1000 처리군에서 심혈관질환 지표인 TG와 LDL-C가 모든 농도에서 유의하게 감소했다. LDL-C/HDLC 비는 TVB-1000 투여군 중 Medium, High군에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 또한 TVB-1000 고농도 처리군에서 복부지방 무게가 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다. ER- α의 발현량은 저농도 및 중농도 투여군에서 통계적 유의성을 보이며 증가하였으나 ER-β는 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 실험을 통해 TVB-1000은 에스트로겐 유사 효과로 인해 갱년기 증상 중 하나인 심혈관계 질환을 예방하는 기능성 식품 소재로써 유용할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.1841-1846
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• 2009

갱년기의 여성에는 여러 폐경 증후들이 나타나는데, 특히 에스트로겐의 감소로 인한 골 손실의 증가 등으로 골다공증질환의 발병율이 높아지게 된다. 이러한 갱년기 증후군을 치료하기 위해 호르몬 대체 요법으로 치료를 하고 있으나 유방암과 자궁암 등의 부작용에 대한 논쟁의 여지가 있어 갱년기 증후군을 치료하는데 양면성을 가진다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 쉽게 섭취 할 수 있으며, 부작용이 없는 해조류인 감태 추출물을 이용하여 in vivo 실험을 통해 갱년기 장애 시 나타날 수 있는 골 손실에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 난소 절제술을 시행한 군들에서 전체적으로 체중이 증가하였으나, 난소절제 후 감태 추출물을 투여에 의한 체중 감소는 나타나지 않아 감태 추출물이 체중 감소에는 크게 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 난소절제 시(OVX-CON) 에스트로겐 결핍으로 bone turnover가 증가되어 비 난소절제(SHAM)군에 비해 혈장 중의 ALP의 활성이 증가되었으나, 난소 절제 후 감태 추출물을 투여한 군에서 그 활성이 유의적으로 감소하는 경향이 나타났다. 이것은 난소 절제 후 에스트로겐의 분비가 감소되는데 반해 감태 추출물 투여가 에스트로겐 대체 작용을 함으로써 난소절제로 인한 골 손실 정도를 완화시켜 준 것으로 추측되어진다. 골 용해 지표인 혈액 중의 CTx는 난소절제군이 비 절제군에 비해 높은 수준을 보여 난소 절제군에 있어 골 용해가 증가되었음을 나타내었다. 반면 감태 추출물의 투여로 인해 CTx 함량이 감소하였으며, EC-200군의 경우 SHAM과 비슷한 수준으로 나타났다. 이는 난소절제로 인해 bone turnover가 증가된 상태에서 감태 추출물의 투여로 bone turnover가 감소하여 골 흡수 저해 효과를 타나낸 것으로 추정된다. 또한 결합조직 중의 collagen 함량은 난소절제로 인하여 감소하였으나, 감태 추출물의 투여에 의해 점진적으로 회복되는 경향을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 estrogen 부족으로 인한 골 손실의 예방에 감태가 유익한 효과를 가지며, 이를 활용한 기능성식품 개발도 가능할 것으로 기대되어 진다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1495-1500
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 톳 분획물의 미백효과 및 그에 따른 생화학적 기전의 해석을 위하여 톳 분획물이 ${\alpha}$-MSH에 의해 인위적으로 유발된 melanogenesis 과정에 있어서 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 조사하였고, 이때 MITF, TRP1, TRP2, tyrosinase 등과 같은 melanin 생성에 관여하는 유전자들의 발현에 어떠한 변화가 유발되었는지를 조사하였다. 톳 분획물 처리가 B16F10 mouse melanoma cell의 멜라닌의 생성량과 tyrosinase의 활성에 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과, butanol fraction (BFHF) 처리군과 water fraction (WFHF) 처리군을 제외한 ethyl extract (EEHF) 처리군, dichlorimethane fraction (CFHF ) 처리군, ethyl acetate fraction (EAFHF) 처리군 모두 농도의존적으로 멜라닌 생성량과 tyrosinase 활성이 억제되었으며, MITF, TRP1, TRP2, tyrosinase의 발현이 단백질 수준에서 감소하였음을 확인하였다. 그 중 특히 EEHF 처리군과 CFHF 처리군은 50 ${\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 멜라닌 생성량을 40.5%, 33.2% 감소시켰으며, tyrosinase 활성도 50 ${\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 각각 53.3%, 54.1% 감소시켰다. 또한 EEHF, CFHF, EAFHF 처리군에서 MITF, TRP1, TRP2, tyrosinase의 발현이 농도 의존적으로 감소하였음을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과를 살펴볼 때 톳 분획물 중 특히 EEHF 처리군과 CFHF 처리군이 B16F10 mouse melanoma cell에서 melanin 생성에 관여하는 유전자인 MITF, TRP1, TRP2, tyrosinase 발현을 억제하므로 향후 미백 기능성 소재로서의 활용이 가능할 것이라고 사료된다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2022

흰머리는 대표적인 노화의 징후이자 피부, 모발 노화의 특징이다. 내인성 노화, 스트레스, 외부 환경으로 인해 백모가 발생하는데, 조기 백모 발생에는 스트레스가 주요한 요인이 된다고 알려져 있다. 과거 우리는 갈근 추출물이 멜라닌 형성 촉진을 통해 백모를 케어를 할 수 있음을 밝힌 바 있으며, 이에 갈근 추출물이 스트레스에 의한 백모 형성 또한 예방 할 수 있을지 본 연구를 통해 확인하였다. 연구를 위해 멜라닌 생성 주요 전사인자인 MITF 발현을 확인 할 수 있는 세포주를 구축하였다. 스트레스 호르몬 cortisol과 산화 스트레스 유발 인자 H₂O₂를 처리할 경우 MITF 발현이 감소하고, 인체 모낭 조직에서 멜라닌 색소가 감소함을 확인하였다. 여기에 갈근 추출물을 함께 처리할 경우 MITF 발현과 모낭 내 멜라닌 색소 량이 다시 증가하였다. 뿐만 아니라 모낭 내 멜라닌 합성에 관여하는 효소인 TRP-2의 발현도 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 갈근 추출물은 스트레스 호르몬과 산화 스트레스 자극에 의한 멜라닌 합성 저해도 효과적으로 막아줄 수 있음을 입증하였다.

• 대한근관절건강학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한근관절건강학회 1996년도 제4회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.110-121
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• 1996

It is well defined that osteoporosis is an age related disorder and associated with decreased bone mass. It is one of the most important disease lacing the aging population because of its association with fracture of the hip, vertebrae and distal radius. The disease provoke a significant economic burden and major public health problem of an elderly. The life-time risk of hip fracture in white women is approximately 15% which is equal to the combined risk of breast, uterine, and ovarian cancer. Despite its deleterious effect on women's health, knowledge of the epidemiology of osteoporosis in Korea is only beginning. 1970 in Korea has non as the crossover period between the chronic and an Infectious diseases. As the result, the infant mortality declined and an elderly population in Korea increased significantly in the past decade, The average life expectancy of women in Korea is now about 75 years. Thus, the majority of Korean women will spend approximately one-third of their life in the postmenopause state. Therefore, better understanding of bone metabolism and fracture incidence in Korean population is a great interest for the medical community as well as for public health. Currently, no population based epidemiologic data are available to support the incidence of osteoporotic fractures in Korea. However, available data suggest that significant declining of bone mineral density (BMD [g/$cm^2$]) has been occurring in Korean women after menopause. In same population, peak BMD was observed around 33-39 years of age and continue to decline thereafter. An accelerated bone losses occur after the menopause and the average loss is approximately 13% within 15 years from the menopause. The incidence of fracture was highly correlated with an age and bone mineral density. The mean age of menopause in Korean women was 47 years and this age appears to getting younger when analyzed by the birth cohort. An earlier menopausal age and increase life expectancy place Korean women at increase risk for osteoporosis and bone fracture. Korean or Asian women are no longer protected from the risk of bone fracture. Therefore, an early prevention or intervention schemes are essential before the outbreak of osteoporosis and/or fracture occurs in Korean or Asian women.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.297-307
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• 2020

This study investigated the cosmetic effects of enzymatic hydrolytes of an aquatic by-product, fish skin. The skins of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (PO) and Alaska pollock Gadus chalcogrammus (AP) were hydrolyzed using pepsin, Alcalase, and Protemax. Three enzymatic hydrolytes were obtained and the inhibitory effects of these hydrolytes on the aging-related enzymes tyrosinase, elastase, and collagenase were determined. The results indicated that the pepsin hydrolytes of PO and PA had stronger activities than the other hydrolytes. PO and PA also significantly reduced the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in and improved the viability of H₂O₂-treated Vero cells; decreased nitric oxide production by and increased the cell viability of lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 cells; and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and improved the viability of ultraviolet B irradiated HaCaT cells and human dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, PO and PA remarkably reduced the intra- and extracellular melanin contents of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-stimulated B16F10 cells. These results demonstrate that PO and PA have potential for use in the cosmetic industry.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1013-1020
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate nutrient intake and bone status in rural postmenopausal women in Korea. Ten postmenopausal women in An-Sung area participated in this study and they were divided into two groups ; women in group I had been postmenopausal for 4 years or less and those in group II had been postmenopausal for 5 years or more before the present study began. Their environmental factors and dietary intakes were surveyed through the personal interviews. Serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone(PTH), estradiol and urinary Ca, P, creatinine, hydroxyproline levels were measured from December 4 to December 27 in 1993. The reults of this study are summarized as follows : Average ages of group I and II were 54.8 and 57.2 years. Average menopausal ages of group I and II were 50.8 and 47.3 years. The nutrient intakes of subjects were higher than recommended dietary allowances(RDA) except calorie, protein, calcium, and vitamin A. The nutrient status did not show any significant difference between group I and II. Serum levels of Ca, P, PTH, estradiol and urinary P, creatinine excretion did not show any significant difference between group I and II, and all levels were in normal range. Urinary Ca excretion(p<0.05) and hydroxyproline excretion(p<0.01) were significantly lower in group I than in group II. Urinary Ca/creatinine(Ca/cr) and hydroxyproline/creatinine(Hpr/cr) rations were significantly higher in group II than in group I(p<0.01. And Hpr/cr levels of group I were in normal range, but most of subjects in group II were higher than 0.017 indicating sign of osteoporosis. Correlations between parameters showed that serum PTH adn urinary Ca, Ca/cr levels were positive related (p<0.01), and the years of the after menopausal year and urinary Hpr/cr was also positive related(p<0.05). The present results suggests that it is difficult to protect postmenopausal women's bone destruction having Korean usual diets. Therefore, to prevent osteoporosis with aging, minimizing the hormonal changes in postmenopausal women is needed as well as Ca supplementation and proper exercise before menopause begins.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2017

Although anti-aging activities of melatonin, a hormone secreted by the pineal gland, have been reported in senescence-accelerated mouse models and several types of cells, its impact and mechanism on the senescence of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) remains unknown. In this study, we examined the impact of melatonin on cellular premature senescence of HDPCs. Here, we found that melatonin markedly inhibited senescent characteristics of HDPCs after exposure to hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$), including the increase in senescence-associated ${\beta}$-galactosidase (SA-${\beta}$-gal)-positive HDPCs and the upregulation of p21 protein, an indicator for senescence. In addition, as melatonin attenuated $H_2O_2$-stimulated phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), while selective inhibition of JNK activity with SP600125 significantly attenuated $H_2O_2$-induced increase in SA-beta-gal activity. Results reveal that melatonin antagonizes premature senescence of HDPCs via JNK pathway. Thus, melatonin may have therapeutic potential to prevent stress-induced premature senescence, possibly correlated with development of dental pulp diseases, and to maintain oral health across the life span.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.208-214
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• 2019

Trigonella foenum-graceum L. (fenugreek) is a phytoestrogen, a nonsteroidal organic chemical compound from plants which has similar mechanism of action to sex hormone estradiol-$17{\beta}$. This study aims to assess the effectivity of fenugreek seeds extract on collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) and collagen type III alpha 1 (COL3A1) which are both decreased in aging skin and become worsen after menopause. This in vitro experimental study used old human dermal fibroblast from leftover tissue of blepharoplasty on a postmenopausal woman (old HDF). As a control of the fenugreek's ability to trigger collagen production, we used fibroblast from preputium (young HDF). Subsequent to fibroblast isolation and culture, toxicity test was conducted on both old and young HDF by measuring cell viability on fenugreek extract with the concentration of 5 mg/mL to $1.2{\mu}g/mL$ which will be tested on both HDF to examine COL1A1 and COL3A1 using ELISA, compared to no treatment and 5 nM estradiol. Old HDF showed a 4 times slower proliferation compared to young HDF (p<0.05). Toxicity test revealed fenugreek concentration of $0.5-2{\mu}g/mL$ was non-toxic to both old and young HDF. The most significant fenugreek concentration to increase COL1A1 and COL3A1 secretion was $2{\mu}g/mL$ (p<0.05).

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot, a green alga of the Codiales family, has been reported to have several bioactive properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its antiobesity and whitening effects and their underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the antiobesity and melanogenesis inhibitory effects of C. fragile using methanol extracts of C. fragile (MECF). The results of this study revealed that MECF inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets and triacylglycerol in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which was associated with the inhibition of the expression of adipogenesis-related transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBPα), and C/EBPβ, which function as the key regulators of adipogenesis. Also, MECF reduced tyrosinase activity and melanin content in B16F10 cells as well as the expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), TRP-2, and microphthalmia-related transcription factor in the presence of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Taken together, our findings suggest that the extract of C. fragile could be considered a promising functional ingredient for the prevention and treatment of obesity and skin pigmentation in the food and cosmetic industry.