• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.33
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• pp.255-267
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• 1997

The objective of this study was to examine how clothing pattern preferences vary accod-ing to sex role identity gender and age. Questionnaire of shirt pattern prefere-nces and short form Bem Sex Role Inventory was administered to 627 men and women(10's to 40's) in Kwangju City. Sex role identity was classified in androgynous masculine feminine and undifferentiated type. 1. The men liked thick horizon thin check and plaid pattern better than the women while the women small flower one. 2. The 10's liked thick horizon thin check and plaid pattern better than the women while the women small flower one. 2, The 10's liked thick horizon pattern better than the others, 3. On the interaction effect according to gender and age the women in their 30's liked polka dots pattern better than the men while the women in their 10's and 20's liked plaid pattern better than the women in their 30's and 40's 4. On the interaction effect according to sex role identity and age the masculine type in their 30's and 40's disliked small flower pat-tern while the feminine type in their 30's and 40's liked it. The women in their 30's liked small flower pattern while the 10's disliked it more than the others. 5. The androgynous type liked thin check and plaid pattern better than the others. The present findings provide that sex role identity gender and age influenced clothing pattern preferences. Gender and age had sig-nificant interaction effects on the preferences. The traditional connections between sex role identity and flower pattern perferences were confirmed only in the 30's and 40's.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.399-414
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• 2017

Although previous studies have found that social participation activities are related to older people's life satisfaction and health status, the rate of social participation activities among older people is still low. The current study examined the relationship between age identity and social participation activities among older people and the extent to which this relationship differs by gender. Secondary data from the Survey of Living Conditions of Korean Older Persons were used to test the research hypothesis. Hierarchical multiple regression models were tested using a nationally representative sample of 10,451 community-dwelling older persons aged 65 and above. Older people who have older age identity were less likely to involve in social participation activities than those who have younger age identity. However, this relationship was only significant for older women. The findings suggest the need for attention to age identity and gender differences when promoting social participation activities.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.55-69
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate methodological and theoretical problems in measuring the acquisition of national identity of in-country and over-seas Korean adolescents. The subjects consisted of 574 incountry and overseas (Chinese, Russia and Japan) Korean adolescents (total 509), 15 to 25 years of age. Data were collected with the use of a questionaire, the Scale of National Identity. The results were that (1) the concept of national identity was organized on two dimensions (cognitive vs. sociocultural). The former consisted of 6 cognitive characteristics (uniqueness, sameness, continuity, acceptability, respectability and royalty). The sociocultural dimension consisted of the cognition of 7 sociocultural characteristics (history, norm, fraternity, symbol, consanguinity, Korean language and nationality). Except for consanguinity, there was a close relationship within each and between the 6 cognitive characteristics. Also there was a close relationship within each and between the 7 sociocultural characteristics of national identity. (2) Some demographic variables, such as age of respondents, place of birth and level of understanding of Korean language contributed to acquisition of national identity. (3) Among several demographic variables, nationality was the most explainable.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine factors affecting the professional identity of dental hygienists in an attempt to raise awareness of the necessity of professional identity building for dental hygienists, to spread awareness of dental hygienist as one of professions, and to boost the pride of dental hygienists. The subjects in this study were 268 dental hygienists in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. After a survey was conducted, the collected data were analyzed. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. The dental hygienists investigated got a mean of 3.44, 3.81 and 3.46 on professional identity, professional attitude and job satisfaction respectively. 2. In regard to the relationship of the general characteristics to professional identity, those who were older, whose career was longer, who worked in public dental clinics and who were married were statistically significantly ahead of their counterparts in that aspect. 3. Concerning connections between the general characteristics and professional attitude, age, career and marital status made statistically significant differences to that. As to links between the general characteristics and job satisfaction, there were statistically significant intergroup gaps according to age, career, service area, martial status and the field of job. 4. As for the correlation of the variables, better professional identity led to better professional attitude and higher job satisfaction. 5. In relation to factors affecting professional identity, better professional attitude, longer career and higher job satisfaction had a better impact on professional identity. Those factors made a 55% prediction of that.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.309-330
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• 2010

This paper examines the life-cycle and birth cohort effect on East Asian supranational identity. This paper also explores how national identity is related with supranational identity among Koreans. Using the 2008 CCGA-EAI survey, we analyze the determinants of supranational East Asian identity. The results suggest several interesting findings. Age and national identity have positive effects on East Asian identity. Among generational cohorts, the democratization cohort were less likely than other cohorts to have East Asian identity. These findings suggest several implications. First, in Korea, unlike other countries in the Western world, the older tend to have stronger regional identity than the younger do. Second, unlike the existing literature, this paper finds that strong national identity (pride) is complementary, rather than substitutive, to supranational regional identity. This warrants further systematic research on the microfoundation on the relationship between regional integration and nationalism in Northeast Asia.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2003

This study investigated the relationships of care- and justice-oriented morality by gender and sex role identity among adolescents, and young and middle-aged adults. The subjects were 115 males and 125 females between 16 and 59 years of age. Instruments were the Ethic of Care Interview(ECI), the Korean Defining Issues Test(DIT), and the Korean Sex Role Inventory(KSRI). Age was found to be a significant factor in both care-and justice-oriented morality; that is, young and middle-aged adults demonstrated higher care-oriented morality than adolescents. While, adolescents and young adults demonstrated higher justice-oriented morality than middle-aged adults. Females exhibited higher levels of care- and justice-oriented morality. A significant interaction effect was found between gender and age for justice-oriented morality.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.1105-1117
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• 2010

This study traces out female identity and sexuality in George Du Maurier's novel, Trilby. The heroine's sexuality in this novel plays some interesting roles invoking both male gaze and male homosocial desire. There seems to have been lots of debates about female subjectivity and gender relations in the Victorian age. George Du Maurier tries to redefine female identity which had been divided into two aspects in the age: angel and demon. When he describes Trilby's identity, the fixed duality as fallen, demonic and autonomous women might have been considerably fluid. Rather than returning to the old boundaries of female subjectivity and identity through his heroine, he unwittingly describes the female role as an erotic organizer. As Du Maurier shows that Trilby's identity plays a conduit role for male homosocial desire, he created the tension between masculinity and femininity and revealed a changing relationship between female nature and male culture as well. Furthermore, when George Du Maurier in his novel opened a new possibility for an erotic organizer through his heroin, Trilby, he seems to have represented the more fluid female role in the patriarchal culture that asked only some fixed roles for women.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to examine the differences in the degree of premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea, and stress according to the gender role identity of female university students. Methods: Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from 308 female university students. Data analysis was done with SPSS 10.1 for descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple-range test. Results: The most prevalent type of premenstrual syndrome was androgenic(33.8%), followed by undifferentiated(25.0%). There was a significant difference in dysmenorrhea according to residence. In addition, there were significant differences in premenstrual syndrome according to age, and in stress according to age and economic status. Also, there was no significant difference according to dysmenorrhea and there were significant differences in premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea according to gender role identity. Premenstrual syndrome and stress were the most prevalence in female type, but the lowest severe in masculine type. Conclusion: The study variables can be influencing factors in the gender role identity of female university students. Also, the findings can provide the basis for the development of nursing interventions to establish the gender role identity of female university students.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.163-173
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• 2006

Purpose: This is a descriptive study to identify the self esteem and career identity of nursing students. Method: The sample consisted of 416 junior nursing students of diploma programs in the cities of Seoul and Kyung-gi area, and Kyungbook province. Data were analyzed by the program of SPSS WIN 11.5. Results: Self esteem was significantly higher in the students attending rural school than in those attending urban school (F=3.46, p<.03), in those between the age of 24-25 years than in the rest (F=2,17, p<.05), and in those satisfied on admission to nursing school than in those less satisfied (F=3.12 p<.04). Career identity was significantly higher in the students between the age of 24-25 years than in the rest (F=6.10, p<.000), and in those satisfied on admission to nursing school than in those less satisfied (F=49.64, p<.000). The results of correlational analysis between self esteem and career identity revealed that career identity increased with increasing self esteem(r=.316 p<.001). Conclusion: Based on the above findings, programs are needed for the improvement of self esteem and career identity, and further research is suggested on the development of such programs.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.347-355
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand morality identity, occupational stress and authentic leadership and identify factors contributing to turnover intention among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. Methods: Data were collected from 230 nurses at the university hospitals in Daegu, Ulsan and Busan between February 15 and March 23, 2017. Instruments measuring turnover intention, moral identity, occupational stress, and authentic leadership were utilized. Statistical analysis included t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlational analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: A total of 207 nurses in ICU participated in this study. The power of explanation with age and dependents on turnover intention was 4.1%. With inclusion of occupational stress, moral identity, and authentic leadership factors put into the model, further 20.4% was explained. The explanatory power of the turnover intention in the final model was 23.6% (F=11.63 p<.001), and occupational stress was the key factor explaining turnover intention (${\beta}=.28$, p<.001). Predictive factors contributing to turnover intention were age, occupational stress, moral identity, and authentic leadership in final model. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated occupational stress, moral identity and authentic leadership as critical factors contributing turnover intention of ICU nurses. It is necessary to promote nursing manager's authentic leadership, and to encourage moral identity in ICU nurses. In addition, providing intervention programs to reduce occupational stress for ICU nurses is necessary.