• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.603-609
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• 2003

This study examined the reproducibility of nutrient intakes estimated by the 24-hour recall method in a prospective cohort study (Longitudinal study of aging and health monitoring of Korean elderly) of middle-aged volunteer subjects (42 males and 49 females) in the Seoul area. The three-day 24-hour recall was administered twice at an interval of approximately 6 months. The first data were collected and a corrective procedure was performed by interviewing of the subjects and a trained dietitian. The second data were collected by mail from the subjects without the performance of any corrective procedure. The mean age of the subjects was 53.5 $\pm$ 9.6 for the males and 52.2 $\pm$ 8.9 for the females. The subjects who had above college education were 95% in the case of the males and 60% in the case of the females. The characteristics of the male subjects in this study were that they were highly educated and held professional jobs and were from the middle or upper class. Comparing the first and second 24-hour recall data, the second data showed relatively lower intakes of all nutrients, except vitamin A, vitamin Bi and cholesterol. There was no difference in the nutrients of the first and the second data with respect to vitamin A, vitamin B$_1$ and cholesterol in the males and calcium, iron, sodium, vitamin A, vitamin B$_1$, vitamin B$_2$ and cholesterol in the females. This data may indicate that the 24 hour retail method without a dietitian's help may result in lower reporting of the subject's intakes. The men had a tendency to remember less than the women. Pearson's correlation coefficients with unadjusted nutrient intakes values were ranged from 0.24 to 0.66. When energy intake was adjusted, there was a slight increase (from 0.26 to 0.71). Intra-class correlation coefficients with nutrient-unadjusted values ranged from 0.22 to 0.66, and the energy-adjusted values were ranged from 0.23 to 0.69. The weighted Kappa statistical values ranged from 0.10 to 0.40. On the average,46.3% of the subjects who were found in the lowest quartile of the nutrient intake levels based on the first 24-hour recall, were in the lowest quartile based on the second 24-hour recall. Therefore, there was a low reproducibility between the first and the second 24-hour recall. We should examine the factors influencing low reproducibility. Also, strategies should be developed to maximize the reliability of the assessment, with regard to portion-size training and telephone validation. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(4) : 603∼609, 2003)

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.152-160
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• 2006

Genotype of ALAD and VDR yields two alleles, respectively and it has been implicated in susceptibility to lead toxicity. Also genotype known to variety by race. To evaluate the genetic susceptibility of ALAD and VDR gene on health effect of lead exposure, this study was done with new workers who entered lead industries from 1992 to 2001. Among database of lead industries of Soonchunhyang University Institute of Industrial Medicine, only new workers were selected for this study. The total of eligible workers for this category was 3,540 workers including non lead exposed workers of same lead industries. Genotype of ALAD and VDR were measured from stored blood in specimen bank of Soonchunhyang University, blood lead and other relevant information were obtained from database of each workers which were gathered at their first year of employment. Among 3,540 new employed study subjects during period of 1992-2001, 3204 workers(90.5%) had ALAD genotype 1-1; whereas 336 workers(9.5%) had variant type of ALAD (1-2 or 2-2). Lead exposed workers, 9.8%(n=243) male and 8.1%(n=16) female were heterozygous for the ALAD allele. Also non lead exposed workers, 8.9%(n=67) male and 9.3%(n=10) female were heterozygous for the ALAD allele. For VDR genotype, 2,903 workers(89.7%) out of total tested 3,238 workers were belonged to type bb and 335 workers(10.3%) were type bB or BB. Lead exposed workers, 10.4%(n=235) male and 12.2%(n=24) female were heterozygous for the VDR allele. Also non lead exposed workers, 9.2%(n=64) male and 12.5%(n=12) female were heterozygous for the VDR allele. No significant differences were seen in mean blood lead levels by ALAD and VDR genotype, nor was significantly associated with blood lead except age in multiple regression analysis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2007

연구배경: 폐암환자를 대상으로 의무기록에서 흡연 습관의 정확성을 평가하고, 이에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석하고자 한다. 연구방법: 폐암을 진단받고 입원한 225예 환자를 대상으로 흡연 습관에 대한 일대일 면접 설문조사와 의무기록 사이의 일치도를 평가하였다. 의무기록의 흡연정보 누락과 두 자료원의 불일치에 기여하는 요인을 평가하기 위하여 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 결 과: 흡연 습관은 전반적으로 증등도의 일치도 (${\kappa}=0.60$)를 보였으며, 과거 흡연의 일치도(${\kappa}=0.49$)가 가장 낮았다. 의무기록의 흡연정보 누락률은 18.2%였으며, 세포형에 따라 유의한 차이를 보여, 편평상피세포암에 비하여 선암 환자에서의 누락률이 3배 높았다. 두 자료원 사이의 불일치는 65세 미만에 비해 65세 이상에서 3배 많았다. 결 론: 의무기록의 흡연 정보는 중등도의 정확성을 가진다. 임상 시험에서 흡연 습관에 대한 자료원으로 의무기록 정보를 이용하는데 세심한 주의가 필요하다고 판단한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2015

Background: Shift work has been associated with occupational stress in health providers and in those working in some industrial companies. The association is not well established in the law enforcement workforce. Our objective was to examine the association between shift work and police work-related stress. Methods: The number of stressful events that occurred in the previous month and year was obtained using the Spielberger Police Stress Survey among 365 police officers aged 27-66 years. Work hours were derived from daily payroll records. A dominant shift (day, afternoon, or night) was defined for each participant as the shift with the largest percentage of total time a participant worked (starting time from 4:00 AM to 11:59 AM, from 12 PM to 7:59 PM, and from 8:00 PM to 3:59 AM for day, afternoon, and night shift, respectively) in the previous month or year. Analysis of variance and covariance were used to examine the number of total and subscale (administrative/professional pressure, physical/psychological danger, or organizational support) stressful events across the shift. Results: During the previous month and year, officers working the afternoon and night shifts reported more stressful events than day shift officers for total stress, administrative/professional pressure, and physical/psychological danger (p < 0.05). These differences were independent of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and police rank. The frequency of these stressful events did not differ significantly between officers working the afternoon and night shifts. Conclusion: Non-day shift workers may be exposed to more stressful events in this cohort. Interventions to reduce or manage police stress that are tailored by shift may be considered.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2020

Background: Exploratory study to investigate whether co-exposure to physical wrist stressors and chemicals is associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in French male farmers and agricultural workers. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 711 men aged 30-65 years and working as either farmers or agricultural workers in 2009-2010 within a cohort covered by the French Agricultural Workers' and Farmers' Mutual Benefit Fund. CTS and exposure to physical wrist stressors and chemicals were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Associations between CTS and personal/medical factors, exposure to physical wrist stressors, exposure to chemicals, and co-exposure to physical wrist stressors and chemicals were studied using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: Forty-four men {5.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.0-7.7]} reported that they had suffered from unilateral/bilateral CTS during the last 12 months. CTS was associated with age, current smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 2.1 (1.0-4.5)], and exposure to physical wrist stressors [OR = 2.6 (1.1-5.9)]. An association was found between CTS and co-exposure to physical wrist stressors and chemicals [OR = 3.3 (0.8-14.3), p = 0.044] in comparison with the no-exposure group. Conclusions: This exploratory study shows an association of CTS with exposure to biomechanical wrist stressors in male farmers and agricultural workers and suggests an association of CTS with co-exposure to physical wrist stressors and chemicals. Owing to the limitations of the study, this result must be confirmed by a prospective study with objective assessments of the outcome and exposure before drawing conclusions on the possible synergistic effects of mechanical stressors and chemicals on the impairment of the median nerve.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.549-559
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• 1994

1989년부터 1990년까지 인천시 남구 동춘동에 위치하는 척전 조간대 간석지에 서식하는 맛조개의 성장에 대해 조사하였다. 서시밀도는 $1m^2$당 평균 128개체이며, 윤문(輪紋)은 1년에 1회 생성되어 연령사정의 기준으로 이용 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 윤문의 형성 시기는 5월이며, 초륜(初輪) 형성시의 연령은 11개월로 판명되었다. 비만도의 증감에 의해 1989년도 인천 인근의 척전산 맛조개의 산란은 연 1회, 그 시기는 6월 중으로 밝혀졌으며, 정확한 시기는 수온의 영향에 따라 해마다 약간의 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 성장은 착저 후 1년 동안 평균 30.94 mm로 가장 높고, 연령이 증가할수록 감소하는데 4년이 되면 6.2 cm까지 성장한다. 한편, 성장식은 von Bertalanffy 성장 방정식에 의해 각장의 성장은 $L_{t}=81.865(1-e^{-0.320(t+0.487)})$, 체중의 성장은 $W_{t}=7.173(1-e^{-0.320(t+0.487)})^3$로 유도되었으며, 이때 극한 최대각장은 81.865 mm, 극한 최대체중은 7.713 g로 채집된 최대각장 및 최대체중인 72.5 mm와 7.713 g 보다 각각 9 mm와 1 g 높게 추정되었다.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2007

목적: 저자들은 골연부조직 종양 전공자가 아닌 타 분야의 경험 있는 수련병원의 정형외과 전문의에 의해 치료된 연부조직육종 환자의 치료과정을 분석하여 치료의 적절성 여부를 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1997년 7월부터 2006년 9월까지 본원을 방문하여 연부조직육종으로 진단받은 25명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 분석은 초진 방법과 수술적 치료와 보조적 치료 그리고 추시 관찰의 적절성 유무를 종양 치료의 원칙에 따라 조사하였다. 결과: 남자는 16례 여자는 9례였으며 최종 수술 전 생검을 시행한 경우는 9례(36%)였다. 광범위 절제술이 시행된 경우는 13(52%)례 였으며, 조직검사 결과를 근거로 악성도를 판명할 수 있었던 12례 중 수술과 술 후 보조적 치료가 동시에 적절했던 경우는 총 4(33.3%)례에 불과했다. 한편 적절한 검사 방법에 의해 이루어진 추시는 4례 (16%)였다. 결론: 예상외로 많은 수의 연부조직육종 환자들이 임상 경험이 풍부한 수련병원의 전문의들에게 조차 부적절한 치료를 받고 있다. 경험 많은 전문의를 포함한 모든 정형외과 전공자들에게 연부조직육종의 치료에 대한 전반적이고 강화된 교육이 필요 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.358-372
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to describe the way of life (such as smoking habits, alcohol consumption, exercise, duration of sleep, eating habits etc.), physical. psychological and overall health complaints and to identify the relationship between the way of life and health complaints of the nursing students. Data was collected with the self-administered OMI( Okayama Medical Index Health Questionnaire, devised Cornell Medical Index) from 766 nursing students and was analyzed. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and an ANOVA with an SPSS/PC+ program were used. The results were as follows: 1. The mean age of subjects was 21.0557(2.7618) years old in their 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year-classes of nursing departments and college students in 4 regions of Korea. 62.1% of subjects were of the proper body weight, 2.0% were overweight, and 28.3% were underweight. Most subjects did not have a past history of disease, but 1.8% of subjects had experienced a blood transfusion. 2. 28.3% of the subjects had averaged 7 hours of sleep, 98.5% were nonsmokers, 91.2% were nondrinkers, 74.7% of subjects had milk intake sometimes, 53.7% of the subjects had an average salt intake, 49.6% of the subjects usually had a green vegetable intake, 45.4% of the subjects sometimes had fatty food intake, 64.8% of the subjects had good taste, 29.5% of the subjects enjoyed physical exercise. 3. The highest percentages of 'yes' among physical. psychological and overall health complaints were observed in the question 'Do you have gastric pain?'(60.2%), 'Are you confused of disorderly?' (37.2%), 'Physical body was burdensome and fatigued.'(57.3%). 4. The total O.M.I. score ranged from 1 to 89 with an average of 22.91(SD=12.10). A statistically significant difference was observed for the physical. psychological complaints for alcohol consumption. and for the psychological complaints for salt and fatty food intake. These conclusions should provide grounds for future studies of strategies for health promoting lifestyle for nursing students and their health concerns. Further research is required to investigate the life environmental and psychological factors affecting the way of life for nursing students and their health status, to analyze the health behavior of nursing students related with their culture and consciousness. Also epidemiologic research methodology, such as prospective cohort study should be considered to explore the performing process of nursing student's health behavior related with the occurrence of diseases.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.1387-1394
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• 2013

본 연구는 대구 지역 초등학교 5~6학년 학생을 대상으로 알레르기 질환 환자군과 대조군으로 분류한 후, 알레르기 유병과 관련이 있는 환경적 요인을 분석하고 알레르기 유병여부에 따른 대상자의 성장 수준 및 영양 섭취 상태를 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면, 첫째, 대조군과 비교하여 환자군의 어머니 교육수준이 더 높았으며, 부모 및 형제의 알레르기 질환 유병 비율이 더 높은 경향을 보였다. 둘째, 환자군이 대조군보다 출생 순위가 더 낮은 경향을 보였고, 출생 당시 질병을 가지고 있는 경우와 이유식 섭취 후 부작용을 경험한 비율이 더 높았다. 셋째, 현재 대상자의 건강상태를 반영하는 최근 병원 진료 경험 빈도와 감기 및 소화질환 경험 빈도는 대조군과 비교하여 환자군에게서 더 높은 경향을 보였다. 넷째, 아동의 알레르기 질환 위험을 높이는 가장 강력한 요인은 부모 및 형제의 알레르기 질환력이었다. 전 세계적으로 알레르기 질환의 유병률이 증가하고 있는 가운데, 위와 같은 본 연구의 결과는 향후 알레르기 질환의 예방을 위한 기초 자료로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.258-264
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diet quality scores or indices, based on dietary guidelines, are used to summarize dietary intake into a single numeric variable. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the modified diet quality index for Koreans (DQI-K) and mortality among Health Examinees-Gem (HEXA-G) study participants. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The DQI-K was modified from the original diet quality index. A total of 134,547 participants (45,207 men and 89,340 women) from the HEXA-G study (2004 and 2013) were included. The DQI-K is based on eight components: 1) daily protein intake, 2) percent of energy from fat, 3) percent of energy from saturated fat, 4) daily cholesterol intake, 5) daily whole-grain intake, 6) daily fruit intake, 7) daily vegetable intake, and 8) daily sodium intake. The association between all-cause mortality and the DQI-K was examined using Cox proportional hazard regression models. Hazard ratios and confidence intervals were estimated after adjusting for age, gender, income, smoking status, alcohol drinking, body mass index, and total energy intake. RESULTS: The total DQI-K score was calculated by summing the scores of the eight components (range 0-9). In the multivariable adjusted models, with good diet quality (score 0-4) as a reference, poor diet quality (score 5-9) was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratios = 1.23, 95% confidence intervals = 1.06-1.43). Moreover, a one-unit increase in DQI-K score resulted in a 6% higher mortality risk. CONCLUSIONS: A poor diet quality DQI-K score was associated with an increased risk of mortality. The DQI-K in the present study may be used to assess the diet quality of Korean adults.