• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.402-407
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of effects of enprostil, a prostaglandin $E_2$, analogue, on liver triacylglycerol content and factors that regulate liver lipid metabolism in mice. Mice received vehicle or $10{\mu}g$ enprostil/kg body weight intraperitoneally every 6 h, and were killed at 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after the first injection. Enprostil significantly lowered liver triacylglycerol content after 12 h of the first injection. However, the peroxisomal ${\beta}$-oxidation activity was inconsistent with the result of liver triacylglycerol content, because its activity was lovered by enprosil. In another experiment, the effect of enprostil on lipid metabolism in mice was investigated in a short period. Mice received $10{\mu}g$ enprostil/kg body weight intraperitoneally, and were killed after 0, 5, 10, 30 and 60 min. After 30 min, malic enzyme activity was significantly increased by the administration of enprostil compared with the activity at 5 min after. No significant changes in liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase and peroxisomal ${\beta}$-oxidation activities were observed. Plasma free fatty acid concentrations were markedly reduced from 5 through 60 min after the administration of enprostil. Consequently, enprostil suppressive effect on liver triacylglycerol concentration might result from the decreased entry of free fatty acid into liver.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2007

Operative clipping after previous endovascular coiling in an aneurysm is a different problem from primary clipping procedure for neurosurgeons. With the increasing use of coil embolization, neurosurgeons will more and more face the similar situation. We report surgical clipping cases of intracranial aneurysm regrown after endovascular coiling. Three patients with a history of subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured aneurysm underwent endovascular treatment (EVT) with detachable coils. The aneurysms were in the posterior communicating artery, the middle cerebral artery and distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA). Two near-total occlusions and one partial occlusion were achieved by EVT. After several months, angiographic follow-up revealed regrowth of the aneurysm requiring surgical clipping. Here, we report three cases in which surgical clipping was more difficult than a usual clipping procedure performed several months after EVT, because of adhesion and coil bulging into the aneurysmal neck. The difficulty of the treatment of the residual aneurysm after coiling is discussed, as are the surgical complications and limitations of clipping.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.60-73
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• 2002

Spasticity is the most troublesome problems in the management in cerebral palsy. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of FES to spasticity. 8 cerebral palsy children were selected for this study. Assessment was carried out before treatment for obtain baseline measurement of spasticity and reassessment were carried out at after 10th., 20th. treatment sessions and 24hours after treatment. The results of this study were as following that MAS scores were significantly reduced after 10th and 20th after treatment compared with pre-treatment. MAS scores were significantly reduced after 20th compared with pre-treatment. These results indicated that FES appears to reduce significantly MAS scores and maintained 24hours after treatment compared with pre-treatment.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2023

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the changes in mandibular width after sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) in patients with mandibular asymmetric prognathism using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Seventy patients who underwent SSRO for mandibular setback surgery were included in two groups, symmetric (n = 35) and asymmetric (n = 35), which were divided according to the differences in their right and left setback amounts. The mandibular width was evaluated three-dimensionally using CBCT images taken immediately before surgery (T1), 3 days after surgery (T2), and 6 months after surgery (T3). Repeated measures analysis of variance was applied to verify the differences in mandibular width statistically. Results: Both groups showed a significant increase in the mandibular width at T2, followed by a significant decrease at T3. No significant difference was observed between T1 and T3 in any of the measurements. No significant differences were found between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: After mandibular asymmetric setback surgery using SSRO, the mandibular width increased immediately but returned to its original width 6 months after surgery.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.27-40
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was conducted at a request for cooperation through an analysis of the effect of toothbrushing facilities at a public health center in Seongdong-gu. Also, with the aim of furnishing basic data to the proposal of a program for improving the ability of school aged children in managing oral cavities and developing a correct toothbrushing habit, the study conducted an investigation of how toothbrushing facilities affect change in the oral environment management ability and behavior of oral health care. Methods: From among elementary schools located in Seongdong-gu, Seoul the study selected A Elementary School where toothbrushing facilities were established and have been operated since 2008, B Elementary School in an adjacent region within the jurisdiction of Seongdong-gu where the demographic environment was similar among schools where toothbrushing facilities were newly established in 2012, and C Elementary School without toothbrushing facilities. Then the study was aimed at first grade students of the schools and an investigation was carried out from April to December 2012. Through a dental checkup, the study evaluated the teeth and periodontal health conditions, and a test of the oral environment management ability was undertaken three times. Regarding change of oral health care behavior, the study carried out a self-recording survey. Results: 1. Concerning decayed and filled tooth(dft) and decayed and filled surface (dfs), A Elementary School where toothbrushing facilities have been established and operated from the past showed a relatively lower decayed, missing, and filled teeth index than B Elementary School where toothbrushing facilities were established in 2012 or C Elementary School without toothbrushing facilities; however, there was no significant difference (p>0.05). For CPI, there was no significant difference by school; however, in looking into the difference between boy students and girl students, Code (0) was discovered higher in boy students whereas Code (1) was shown higher in girl students. 2. In the PHP index test in accordance with the existence of toothbrushing facilities before the installation of toothbrushing facilities, for A Elementary School where toothbrushing facilities have been established and operated from the past, the school recorded 4.28 points whereas B Elementary School where the facilities were established in 2012 recorded 3.51 points. Meanwhile C Elementary School without the facilities posted 4.30 points. Therefore there was a statistically significant difference according to the existence of toothbrushing facilities (p<0.05). 3. In a comparison of teeth health care behavior according to the existence of toothbrushing facilities, the number of answers that the respondent did not brush their teeth after lunch over the past one week was higher in B Elementary School and C Elementary School where there were no toothbrushing facilities. Regarding the average number of brushing after lunch for one week, it was discovered higher in A Elementary School (p<0.01). 4. In change of teeth health care behavior before and after the establishment of toothbrushing facilities, the case of answering that the respondents did not brush their teeth after lunch for one week increased more after establishment than before establishment. Also the average number of teeth brushings after lunch for one week decreased further after the establishment of toothbrushing facilities; however, it did not show a significant difference (p>0.05). One of the reasons that they do not brush their teeth, "the lack of a place", decreased significantly after establishment than before establishment (p<0.05), whereas the answer, "because their friends do not brush their tooth" increased greatly after establishment than before establishment; however, there was no significant difference (p>0.05). 5. In the comparison of the degree of knowledge about dental health according to the existence of toothbrushing facilities, the degree of knowledge about dental health was shown significantly higher in A Elementary School with toothbrushing facilities than in B Elementary School and C Elementary School where there were no toothbrushing facilities (p<0.01). Conclusions: Given the above results, it is difficult to attract change in behavior only with an environmental improvement; therefore, it is deemed necessary to develop an educational program that will help children to make a habit of oral health care not only through a school but also through a related policy and financial support of government organizations as well as the construction of the basis of a systematic and consistent cooperative system with relevant organizations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.149-160
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects after having the obesity education with obese elementary school children. The subjects were made up of 31 obese children out of U elementary school in B town as experimental group, and also were selected 34 children out of S elementary school under the same circumstance as control group. They ranged from the third to sixth grades with over 30% body fat ratio. The proceeding of obesity education consisted of three stage; stage for preparation, stage for practice, and stage for finish. The stages mentioned above were put into practice in turn for eleven weeks beginning on Oct. 8, 2001 through Dec. 22, 2001, while two stages only, stage for preparation and finish, were put into practice on the control group. The contents of the education for eleven weeks obesity regulation contained counseling and taking regular exercises once a week by professional gym teacher. In order to evaluate the effects of the education, physical characteristics, body composition, physical fitness, knowledge of obesity, dietry habit and attitude were measured. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS program, the effects of pre and post obesity education in experimintal group were measured by paired-t test. The conclusions of this study were as follows : 1. Body fat ratio was significantly reduced after obesity education in experimintal group(p=.003). 2. The height with experimental group got taller remarkably(p=.000), but weight showed no signeficance after obesity education(p=.258). 3. Triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness showed remarkable decrese after obesity education(p=.000), percentage body fat and body fat amount got down remarkably after obesity education(p=.000). Percentage lean body mass and lean body mass amount got down remarkably after obesity education(p=.000). 4. Body flexibility, agility and muscle endurance graded up remarkably after obesity education(p=.009, p=.000, p=.000). 5. The grade in obesity knowledge got up remarkably after obesity education(p.000), but dietry habits and its life showed no significance in figures after obesity education(p=.335, p=.112). Through the results shown above, the obesity education caused body fat ratio, physique, body composition to grade up and physical fitness elevated, while dietry habits and its life showed no significance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.952-956
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• 2011

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of passive transfer status, determined by measuring serum immunoglobulin (Ig) concentration 24 hours after parturition, on growth performance in buffalo calves allowed to nurse the dam during the first month of life. Serum Ig concentration 24 hours after birth ranged from 28.1 to 35.9 mg/ml, birth weight ranged from 29 to 41 kg, body weight 30 days after birth ranged from 48.5 to 62.9 kg. The Average Daily Gain (ADG) from birth to day 30 ranged from 448 to 1,089 g/d. Significant linear associations were detected between serum Ig concentration 24 hours after birth and day-30 weight (p< 0.05; $R^2$ = 0.31) and between serum Ig concentration 24 hours after birth and ADG from birth to day 30 (p<0.001; $R^2$ = 0.72). Results indicated that passive transfer status was a significant source of variation in growth performance when buffalo calves nursed the dam. Maximizing passive transfer of immunity by allowing calves to nurse the dam can increase growth performance during the first month of life.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2014

A microbiological quality evaluation on cooked food, food materials and cooking equipment was conducted in 14 school food services in Changwon area, South Korea for Ojingeochaesomoochim (vegetable salad with blanched squid) which went through cooking process after heating treatment. Only 5 schools out of the 14 (35.7%) observed the sanitization criteria of the Korean School Meals Sanitization Management for raw vegetables (concentration of chlorine solution: 100ppm, immersion time of sanitizing: 5 min). The acceptance rates regarding the microbial standards for Korean school meals showed improvement before and after of sanitization: for onions 57.1% vs 71.4%; cucumber 42.9% vs. 78.6%. However, garlic showed adverse sanitizing effect as the acceptance rate went down from 42.9% to 35.7%. Blanched squid and red pepper paste was acceptable in all 14 schools (100%), while squid seasoned with red pepper powder was acceptable in only 42.9% of the schools. Microbial results for knives, cutting boards, mixing bowls were satisfactory, however 35.7% of sanitary gloves that were put on right before the seasoning showed poor sanitization, and this indicated high probability of cross-contamination from the gloves. We calculated that 57.1% of the cooked foods were in accordance with the microbial standards for Korean school meals. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to have verification process, especially on the effectiveness of sanitization of raw vegetables, in cooking foods through cooking process after heating treatment in HACCP system of school food service.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.477-482
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• 2011

Introduction: Bone regeneration of cystic defects of the jaws after a cyst treatment requires lengthy healing periods. Generally, the bony changes are observed periodically through a visual radiographic reading as well as by the clinical opinion and radiographic images (panorama, periapical view), but it is difficult to compare the objective bony changes using only the radiographic density. In addition, it is difficult to observe minute bony changes through a visual radiographic reading, which can lead to a subjective judgment. This study exmined the bone density after the enucleation of a jaw cyst by fractal analysis. Materials and Methods: Eighteen patients with a cystic lesion on the jaw were assessed. Panoramic radiographs were taken preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after cyst enucleation. The images were analyzed by fractal analysis. Results: The mean fractal dimensions increased immediately after surgery and 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The postoperative 6 and 12 months fractal dimension was similar to the controls. Conclusion: Fractal analysis was used to overcome the limit of a subjective reading during an assessment of bone regeneration after cyst enucleation.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.98-101
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• 2015

Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO), which is associated with graft-versus-host disease after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, is a major obstacle to survival after bone marrow transplantation due to its gradual progress, eventually leading to respiratory failure. Pumpless extracorporeal interventional lung assist (iLA) is effective in treatment of reversible hypercapnic respiratory failure. In this paper, we present a 23-year-old female patient who underwent allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for acute lymphocytic leukemia. After 6 months, she complained of shortness of breath and was diagnosed with BO. Five months later, she developed an upper respiratory tract infection that worsened her BO and caused life-threatening hypercapnia. Since mechanical ventilation failed to eliminate $CO_2$ effectively, iLA was applied as rescue therapy. Her hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis showed significant improvement within a few hours, and she was successfully weaned off iLA after 12 days. This is the first case report of iLA application for temporarily aggravated hypercapnia of PBSCT-associated BO followed by successful weaning. This rescue therapy should be considered in ventilator-refractory reversible hypercapnia in BO patients.