• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.97 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2008

The objectives of this study are to explain a supply plan of domestic softwood log by long-term prospect of MDF production to stably promote industry of MDF. For it, we developed the long supply function as Ordinary Least Squares Method. Between 2005 and 2050, it was estimated that quantity of domestic production of MDF increased from 1,653 thousand $m^3$ to 2,041 thousand $m^3$. In 2050, quantities of domestic softwood log used by raw materials to product MDF of 2,041 thousand $m^3$ were estimated to be used about 1,355 thousand $m^3$. Exampling Pinus rigida used presently by raw materials to product MDF, cutting area of it is estimated to be 10,828 ha per year. And larch is cutted about 9,160 ha per year. This study estimated annual softwood log cutting amount and total afforestation area at 2050 year by 3 scenarios which are 35%, 45% and 55% about use of domestic softwood log for MDF production. If we do a criterion of cutting area, we advantage to plant larch. But the species of trees are use and growth property. We think that the afforestation policy must be performed on the base of those to supply raw materials of MDF. Although government plans hardwood afforestation policy after cutting Pinus rigida, it needs to support and manage certainly afforestation area of softwoods to need to supply raw materials of MDF to stably promote industry of MDF.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2009

This study is tried to investigate and analyze the changing history of Korean forest management policy and revitalization alternatives of the private forest management. Korean forest management policy could be divided by two group periods, one is the forestry policy age through afforestation and reforestation, the other is the forestry policy age through forest management. Recently, the revitalization policy for the private forest management was evaluated through the result analysis of the 4th forest basic planning age for 10 years that is gone from 1998 to 2007, but it is not sufficient for the private forest management revitalization, and has still some fundamental problems. Therefore, this study is aimed to present various kinds of plans for the private forest management revitalization during the 5th forest basic planning age that has begun since the beginning of 2008.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.67-77
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• 2017

Demands for housing has diversified recently due to low birth rate and the growth of aging population. Also, a share of idle houses and obsolete houses over 20 years old is gradually rising. Therefore, there is a need for a sustainable, environment-friendly improvement policy that is in line with a new housing paradigm and avoids full-scale new construction, such as a customized housing renovation plan considering local economic circumstances. Therefore, afforestation system applicable to buildings are assessed positively, but lack objective performance evaluation. Through one-year, long-term monitoring of replicated obsolete buildings that have poor insulation performance, this study calculated monthly average power consumption and analyzed power charges by applying pricing plans before and after the revision of progressive tax in order to examine economic effects expected by applying the afforestation system. In the obsolete buildings, the study showed that monthly average power consumption was reduced by 16.6kWh with 5.2% average reduction rate. Highest reduction was made in July at 11.3%. Aggregate monthly power consumption charges were relatively high in winter before and after the revision of progressive tax. Power charges reduction effect was highest in March when monthly power consumption was reduced to 300kWh level by applying the afforestation system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.76 no.3
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• pp.295-302
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• 1987

Korea is a small country with extremely high population density. Industrialization of the nation resulted GNP per capita of over 2,000$ in 1986 with an inevitable by-product, high level of pollution in many areas. Forest land is now acknowledged as not only a wood production site but also an origin of much more important intangible values, water and clean air, soil conservation, and recreational and scenic values. Mostly devastated forest land from Korean War has been recovered under the strong afforestation drive from the government. The first Forest Development Plan was mostly reforestation phase and the second Forest Development Plan is foundation establishment phase. The third and later Plans are to enlarge economical forest and to maintain sustatined yield phase. Forestry administration as well as forest research certainly played a great role in successful accomplishment of two Forest Development Plans. For effective planning and accomplishment of the third Forest Development Plan close cooperation among policy makers, forest managers and research workers are mostly required.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.123-148
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• 2012

Deforestation and forest degradation in Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) accelerated from the mid 1980s through the economic crisis in 1990s and is still happening. DPRK has conducted afforestation and reforestation activities against this trend. However there are not many official documents on achievement of forest rehabilitation in DPRK. "Rodong Shinmun," as an official newspaper published by North Korean Workers Party, represents governmental policies and is one of a few accessible information on DPRK which is available in Republic of Korea (ROK). This paper aims to investigate the national forest policies of the DPRK represented in Rodong Shinmun. Total of 499 articles using the word 'Sanlim (forest)' and 'Rimsan (forest product)' in the title of articles were selected for content analysis. The national forest plans and forest policy instruments contained in the selected articles were analyzed. The subjects of represented forest policies were classified into four groups; forestation, forest management, land management and forest protection or conservation. The focus of forest policy was changed from economic utilization of forest resources such as timber production in the 1990s to forest protection in the 2000s. Rodong Shinmun reported more frequently about regulatory instruments and informational instruments than the economic instruments. Official commendation and awards were the main incentives given to the people who contributed to forestry achievements. In particular, forest policies were emphasized by Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il and afforestation and forest protection were described as patriotic activities in the Rodong Shinmun. In conclusion, this research revealed that Rodong Shinmun plays a role as a means for introducing, propagating and instigating forest policies in the society of the DPRK. The findings help to understand the forest policies of the DPRK which could be useful when designing development aids for DPRK.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.4
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• pp.530-543
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• 2023

Societal value of the benefits forests provide has grown significantly, given their pivotal role in mitigating climate change and fostering the shift toward a carbon-neutral society. Due to the economic and public value of forests, which extends far beyond landowners and foresters, the forestry sector mutually interacts with society as a whole. Thus, understanding public perceptions and preferences concerning forests and forest policies from the societal viewpoint is vital for shaping future forest policy decisions. This research delved into evolving perceptions over the past 32 years, using a time-series analysis of data gathered from the 'Public awareness survey on forests'. This survey, conducted seven times between 1991 and 2023 by opinion poll agents, provides insights into changing sentiments. The findings reveal a notable increase in public satisfaction with overall forest policies. Specifically, positive sentiments were observed regarding forest rehabilitation, forest trails, education initiatives, and the establishment and functioning of forest recreation facilities. Conversely, the study highlights areas where public satisfaction remained relatively low, notably in matters concerning the use and conversion of mountainous regions, forest disaster prevention, and international forest cooperation. Additionally, the respondents emphasized the need for heightened attention to forest management, the development of forest roads, and increased efforts in overseas afforestation compared to current initiatives.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 2004

This study is to improve plan for the law and regulation systems on the perpendicular greening with containers to improve urban environment. The supports backed by laws and regulations are imperative for the activation of building greening. Although some local administrations in Korea try to lead perpendicular greening on building by means of Green Building certification system and so on, greening policies and managements are not pushed forward with consistency. Therefore building greening should be admitted to be a substitute green tract of land. The positive construction and management of greenzone should be accomplished as well. Devices, so to speak, which put greening under an obligation or authorize it as legal landscape area should be made rather than recommendations to make greenzone through current incentive systems. Positive perpendicular greening on building can be achieved by supplementing the law and regulation and incentive system about simplified planter. If planting and managing of simplified planter are continually entrusted to residents, even vertical landscapes will be affected by illegal diversion and negligence in result. Therefore, supports from governments and local administrations are needed.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.185-191
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• 2016

Since 2013, the forest carbon offest scheme is operated by 'ACT ON THE MANAGEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF CARBON SINK'. Most of projects account for afforestation, reforestation and restoration. This study analyzed what is affected to pricing factors for the registered 71 project of forest carbon offset in Korea Forest Service. The purpose of this study is to introduce information on the business plans of forest carbon offset scheme and aid to understand the process from registration to issuing offset credits. Also it is meaningful to proposing a policy for price competitiveness and how to enable forest carbon offset schemes to produce activation by measuring the factors that affect the forest carbon offset scheme. The results showed forest carbon credit price is 92,827 won per ton on average, it could see less price-competitive than emission rights market when compared with the price.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.19-28
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• 2016

The objectives of this study were to establish the slope criteria and analyze the forest land restoration plan in North Korea. Reviewing the literature of the countries, the relationships among the climate, erosion controls, and slope criteria with forest restoration programmes, implemented were analyzed. Comparison of forest land management policies was conducted between South and North Korea. The soil erosion controls using biological barriers were at $15{\sim}20^{\circ}$slopes in arid climate regions and $25{\sim}30^{\circ}$ in humid climate regions. In the case of South Korea, an afforestation policy from the "Act on Clearance Project of Slash-and Burn Agriculture" of 1966 was enforced on mountains with slope greater than $20^{\circ}$, however, at present, the "Marginal Cropping Land Policy" recommends cropping lands with slope bigger than $8.5^{\circ}$ to forest land. In 1961, in "Land Reclamation of One Million Hectare", North Korea reclaimed additional cropping lands with slope bigger than $8.5^{\circ}$, and currently, the "Act on Forestry" states to enforce reforestation with slope bigger than $20^{\circ}$. This study recommends that South Korea aids for forest land restoration in North Korea based on the different stages of their development on reconciliation and cooperation between South and North Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.1
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• pp.81-98
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• 2020

In this study, forest-related research papers published in North Korean journals were analyzed to understand the research trends in North Korean forest science. The Korea Science and Technology Information Institute (KISTI) North Korea Science and Technology Network (NKtech) is constructing a database related to science and technology in North Korea. From this, a total of 1,389 articles published from 1962 to 2016 were collected with forest science key words based on the South Korean National Science and Technology Standard Classification System. The topics were divided into four categories: afforestation, forest protection, forest use, and forest management. In the field of afforestation, research activities on nursery and agroforestry were active, and the survival rate was emphasized. In the forest protection field, there was a significant research effort into forest pests, and efforts were being made to reduce soil erosion through agroforestry. In the field of forest use, research activities on pulp/paper and mushrooms were active. In the forest management field, activities related to "ecological information" were conspicuous, and efforts were being made to reduce carbon. These results suggest that the perspective of North Korean forest research has changed from nature reorganization to nature protection. Thus, a comparative study on forest science and technology in each sub-sector of the forest research field, along with analysis of the relationship between policy direction and research direction of North Korea over time, would be worthwhile future investigations. To overcome the problem of technical terminology, a compilation/dictionary of inter-Korean forestry terminology would be useful for effective communication between the two Koreas.