• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.85-93
• /
• 2012

목적: 유기산대사이상질환군은 신경계의 급만성 손상을 일으킬 수 있는 선천성대사장애 질환군으로 현재까지 밝혀진 질환들만 60여 질환에 이르는 다양한 질환들이 포함되어 있는 질환군이다. 그동안 국내에서는 이에 대한 연구가 되지 못하였고, 정리된 바 없다. 이에 본 연구자들은 발달지연을 일으키는 유기산대사이상질환군에 대하여 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 2007년 1월 1일부터 2011년 12월 31일까지 5년 동안 한림대학교 춘천성심병원 임상 유전학 연구소에 유기산분석이 의뢰된 3,345명의 환자들 중 발달지연의 정보가 있었던 738명의 환자들을 2개월에서 2세까지의 영아기, 12세까지의 소아기, 12세 이후의 청소년기의 3군으로 나눠서 발작의 유무에 따른 유기산혈증을 비교 분석하였다. 2개월 미만의 신생아기의 환자들은 제외하였다. 나머지 연령군의 경우는 발달지연만 있었던 군과 발달지연과 함께 발작이 있었던 경우에는 전신발작, 국소발작, 복합발작으로 나눠서 비교분석하였고, 발달지연만 있었던 군과 발달지연과 발작이 동시에 나타났던 군의 차이를 알아보았다. 결과: 전 연령군에서 발작의 유무와 상관없이 발달지연이 있었던 모든 환자를 정리하여보면 전체 환자는 738명이었고, 그중 398명(53.9%)은 유기산분석에서 정상소견을 보였고, 340명(46.1%)에서 유기산대사이상이 진단되었다. 가장 많았던 진단은 MRCD로 253명(34.3%)이었으며, 케톤체분해이상이 39명(5.3%)로 뒤를 이었고, 3-히드록시이소부티르산혈증이 26명(3.5%)이 있었으며, 제2형 글루타르산혈증이 8명(1.1%)이 있었고, 소수의 환자들이 진단된 경우로는 피루브산탈수소효소결핍증이 3명(0.4%), 3-메틸글루타르산혈증과 제1형 글루타르산혈증이 각각 2명(0.3%)씩 있었으며, 메틸말론산혈증, 에틸말론산혈증, 3-메틸크로토닐글리신혈증, HMG-CoA lyase 결핍증 및 지방산산화이상들이 각각 1명(0.1%), 씩 진단되었다(Table 5). 결론: 발달지연을 일으킬 수 있는 유기산대사이상질환군에서 가장 높은 빈도를 차지하고 있었던 것은 MRCD였으며, 그 뒤를 케톤체분해이상과 3-히드록시이소부티르산혈증이 잇고 있었으며, 그 외 다양한 질환들이 소수지만 진단되고 있으며, 이 질환들은 치료와 재발의 예방이 가능하다는 점에서 발달지연의 감별진단에 반드시 포함시켜야 된다고 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.63-71
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the clinical and demographic variables such as body weight, dosage, family history of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and psychiatric co-morbidity on the side-effects of OROS-Methylphenidate (OROS-MPH), and to evaluate the relationship between drug response and side effect severity. Methods : A total of 144 children (ages 6-18) with diagnosed ADHD were treated with OROS-MPH. Children were examined at baseline and after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks of each treatment condition. The stimulant drug side effect rating scale (SERS), pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and electrocardiogram (ECG) were evaluated to assess side effect profiles. Changes in these parameters from baseline were examined and analyzed. Results : Anorexia (30.95%) and insomnia (13.10%) were the most commonly reported side effects during this study. Insomnia and loss of appetite score increased at one week follow-up, but was sustained or decreased as treatment progressed. Small but significant increases in pulse rate and diastolic blood pressure were observed during treatment ; however, no clinically meaningful changes in ECG parameters were noted during the study. Low body weight, high dosage of OROS-MPH, and family history of ADHD were associated with cardiovascular side effect. In contrast, there was no significant relationship between OROS-MPH treatment response and the severity of side effect and no difference resulted between the responder and non-responder groups with respect to OROS-MPH dosage in the 12 weeks of follow-up. Conclusion : To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first Korean study to investigate comprehensive side effect profiles and their correlates in OROS-MPH treatment for ADHD children. OROS-MPH was well tolerated with no clinically significant side effects during the treatment period. In conclusion, low body weight, high dosage of OROSMPH, and family history of ADHD could be used as predictive factors in increasing pulse rate and blood pressure.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.57-71
• /
• 1983

Sex education is necessary for the youth that they should have an adequate sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in their adolescent period. Four major objectives of this study are as follows; 1. To know the level of sexual knowledge of commercial girl's high school students in Seoul. 2. To know their actual state for the attitudes and behaviors toward sex. 3. To compare the sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of day time school students with those of night time school students. 4. To compare the factors associated with their sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviors with the individual level. Data were collected on 986 students in Seoul from April 1 to April 10, 1983. As the result of this survey, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. The level of sexual knowledge. (1) The level of knowledge of day time high school students about the physiology of female and pregnancy is shown higher than those of night time students. 64.2% of the respondents are aware of the organ producing ovum. 56.4% the ovulation period. 95.6% the cause of pregnancy. 74.5% the pregnantable period and 12.7% the place of fetilization. (2) Out of 986 respondents. 71.8% knew about contraceptive method correctly, and day time school students knew litter better than night time school students, by showing 73.9% and 69.7% respectively. They knew about contraceptive method with 'oral pills'. 'menstrual cycles', 'condoms'. and 'loops' in the same order. 3) Kinds of veneral disease was correctly known by 37.9%. Day time students knew much better than night time school students. by showing 67.8% and 7.9%. respectively. Transmission method of veneral disease was correctly known by 28.3%. Day time students knew much better than night time students, by showing 51.2% and 5.3%, respectively. (4) The major information source of sexual knowledge was 'book and magazine' (39.9%) and 'friends' (27.4%). 2. Actual state of attitudes and behaviors toward sex. (1) Out of 986 respondents, 84.0% answered that premarital purity should be kept. (2) Out of 986 respondents, 60.8% had an acquaintance of the opposite sex. 45.2% of students with opposite sex reported introduction of their friends as the main channel of making an acquaintance of the opposite sex. (3) Of those who responded to this study 13.8% reported having masturbation, 21.5% kissing, 6.2% petting and 3.7% sex intercourse. (4) 64.8% had sexual problems, which was mensturance (27.2%), aquaintance of the opposite sex (25.4%). The main method to solve the problems were consultation with 'friends' and 'books and magazine' percentage being 39.1% and 30.8%, respectively, whereas very small students discussed with 'teachers' and 'parents' percentages being 0.3% and 5.9%, respectively. (5) Out of 986 respondents, 62.2% had experience in educating about sex, the percentage of day time school was higher than that of night time school. (6) 88.2% of students wanted sex education in school, which were 'general information about sex' (35.4%), 'sexual morality and solution of sexual desire' (18.5%), 'aquaintance of the opposite sex' (13.3%) and 'marriage and role of man and woman' (12.4%) in the same order. They wanted to be instructed about sexes in the lecture of physical education, home economics, biology, military training (59.9%), regular curriculum (17.5%), special lecture (16.9%) and by the counselor or school nurse (5.7%). 3. Analyse concerning the factors about the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. (1) The better school record was, the higher the level of sexual knowledge. (2) Those who have the religion considered the permarital purity more important than those who have not, the percentage showing 86.7% and 80.7%, respectively. (3) The result of dyad analysis of making acquaintance of the opposite sex in the friendship network showed that a high index of the acquaintance of the opposite sex tends to be a high adoption of making one at the individual level in the group, while the low index tends to be a low adoption of making one in the group.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.191-198
• /
• 2020

본 연구에서는 인터넷 음란물 경험이 있는 전국 시도에 재학 중인 고등학생 대상으로 인터넷 음란물 경험과 자기조절력이 성범죄 유해행동에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 이 연구를 위해 목적적 유의할 당 추론 방법을 사용하여 인터넷 패널 설문조사를 하였다. 기간은 2018년 5월부터 6월까지 약 한달간 온라인 설문지를 배포하여 246부의 설문지를 얻을 수 있었고 그 중 음란물 경험이 없는 36부를 제외하고 총 210부를 자료 분석 하였고, 성폭력 유해행동 경험이 있는 응답자(85명)를 대상으로 추가적인 분석도 시행하였다. 이를 위하여 분석도구는 SPSS WIN 20.0 프로그램 버젼을 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인터넷 음란물이 청소년에게 있어 부정적 영향이 있음을 발견 할 수 있었다. 이는 청소년들의 생활에 있어 인터넷을 많이 접함으로 인하여 본인의 의지와 상관없이 음란물을 접촉할 수 있어 성폭력 문제 행동으로 발전할 수 있는 개연성이 나타나고 있다. 둘째, 성폭력 가해행동에 대한 자기 조절력은 본 연구 결과 직접적인 영향은 없는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이는 청소년 본인 의지만으로 가해행동을 이루어 지는게 아니라 즉 외부환경에 영향을 받고 있다고 할 수 있다. 셋째, 자기 조절력은 인터넷 음란물에 대한 부정적 인식을 완화시켜주는 조절변인으로써의 역할이 있음을 검증하였다. 이를 바탕으로 하여 시사점과 제한점 제언에 대하여 논의 하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.2667-2672
• /
• 2016

Background: Virtually all cases of cervical cancer are caused by persistent infections with a restricted set of human papillomaviruses (HPV). Cancer of the cervix is the third or even the second most common cancer in women worldwide, more than 85% of the cases occurring in developing countries, such as China and India, including the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose was to determine the HPV type distribution to evaluate efficacy of vaccination and adjust cancer prevention strategy in Western Kazakhstan in the future. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of data obtained from PCR laboratories in 4 regional centers for the time period covering 12 months, 2013-2014, using AmpliSens$^{(R)}$ Real-Time PCR kits for HPV testing of 12 genotypes (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59). Results: A total of 1,661 persons were HPV tested within 2013-14, but a proprotion examined for 16 and 18 genotypes only (563) was not been included for statistic analysis of distribution and ratio of the most common genotypes. Males accounted for only a small number (N=90 in total). Conclusions: Total number of the HPV-positive appeared to be 26.0%, or 286 of N=1098. Types distribution was as follows: type 16 (10.7%), 39 (5.83%), 51 (5.27%), 31 (4.85%), 56 (4.58%), 18 (3.61%), 59 (2.64%), 58 (2.22%), 35 (1.94%), 33 (1.25%). Overall the HPV infection was highest in 16-29 years old (62.4%) and decreased with age. Total prevalence of the HR-HPVs amongst male population was 21.4% with top five types 16, 18, 39, 51, 31. Trends forcorrelations between Aktau site and type 33 (Cramer's V 0.2029), between Caucasian ethnicity and type 33 (Cramer's V .1716), and between European ethnicities in Uralsk and type 45 (Cramer's V .1752) were found. Of N 563 tested separately for 16 or 18 types, 13.6% were positive. As a whole, the distribution of 16/18 types had a ratio of 3.53:1. Given the vaccine-targeted type 16 is widely spread amongst this regional population, HPV immunization program of adolescent girls 10-13 years should be implemented appropriately.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.267-276
• /
• 1999

본 연구는 1992년부터 1997년까지 6년간 연세대학교 치과대학 부속병원 교정과에 내원하여 진단을 받은 부정교합 환자중에서 진단용 석고모형과 진료기록부가 잘 보존되고 지역 거주지가 확실한 9159명을 대상으로 연도별 내원 환자의 성별 분포, 연령별 내원 환자의 분포, Angle씨 부정교합 분류, 제 I급 부정교합 양상의 분류 및 지역적 분포 특성등을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 본 원 교정과에 내원한 환자의 수가 1992년에 비해 1997년 86%가 증가하였으며 1995년 이후 매년 증가하는 추세를 보였다. 2. 연령별 내원 분포에서 19세 이상군의 비율이 39.9%로 가장 높게 나타났으며 사춘기전 아동의 비율은 점차 감소하는 반면, 성인 교정환자의 비중이 점차 높아지는 경향을 나타내었다. 3. Angle씨 부정교합 분류에 의한 내원 환자 분포에서 제 III급 부정교합자가 38.1%로 가장 높은 비율을 나타내었으며, 제 I급 부정교합이 33.3%, 제 II급 부정교합은 28.6%의 빈도를 보였다. 4. 제 I급 부정교합자중 총생(crowding)을 주소로 내원한 환자가 32.6%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 연도별 변화에서는 돌출(protrusion)환자는 점차 증가 양상을 보여 96년에는 33.9%로 가장 높은 비율을 보였으며 개교합과 반대교합 환자는 감소하는 추세로 나타났다. 5. 내원 환자의 지역적 분포를 보면 서울시 환자가 전체 내원 환자의 70%이상 차지하는 것으로 조사되었으며 서울시 내원환자중 연세대학교 치과병원을 중심으로 반경 3-6km의 거주자가 32.3%로 가장 높게 나타났고 반경 9Km이내에서 전체의 69%를 차지하였다. 4. 수평피개보다는 수직피개가 치근흡수에 미치는 영향이 컸으며 개방교합의 경향이 커질수록 치근흡수의 빈도가 높았다. 5. 개개 치아에서 나타나는 부정교합의 특징에 대해서는 반대교합과 개방교합을 함께 나타내는 치아에서 치근흡수의 빈도가 가장 높았다.를 보이지 않았는데 이는 다른 연구 결과와 유사한 결과이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.113-118
• /
• 2010

The sensory system is developed and optimized by experiences given in the early phase of life in association with other regions of the nervous system. To date, many studies have revealed that deprivation of specific sensory experiences can modify the structure and function of the central nervous system; however, the effects of sensory overload remains unclear. Here we studied the effect of overloading the taste sense in the early period of life on the synaptic plasticity of rat hippocampus and somatosensory cortex. We prepared male and female Sprague Dawley rats with ad libitum access to a 0.1% saccharin solution for 2 hrs per day for three weeks after weaning on postnatal day 22. Saccharin consumption was slightly increased in males compared with females; however, saccharin intake did not affect chow intake or weight gain either in male or in female rats. We examined the effect of saccharin-intake on long term potentiation (LTP) formation in hippocampal Schaffer collateral pathway and somatosensory cortex layer IV - II/III pathways in the 6-week old saccharin-fed rats. There was no significant difference in LTP formation in the hippocampus between the control group and saccharin-treated group in both male and female rats. Also in the somatosensory cortex, we did not see a significant difference in LTP among the groups. Therefore, we conclude that saccharin-intake during 3~6 weeks may not affect the development of physiological function of the cortical and hippocampal synapses in rats.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.281-287
• /
• 2009

유치열이 혼합치열기를 거쳐 영구치열로 교환되는, 소아 및 청소년기에서는 맹출장애가 흔히 관찰된다. 이로 인해 치아의 맹출시기를 놓치게 되면 심미적 문제 인접치아의 전위 및 치근흡수, 부정교합 등의 많은 문제를 야기한다. 치아 중 제1대구치는 특히 교합 및 발육에 중요하게 관여하며 기능적, 형태적으로 건전한 교합의 발육 및 유지에 필수적인 치아이다. 그러므로 이들 이상증례를 조기에 파악하고 문제점에 대응하는 것은 보다 적절한 교합관리에 중요한 부분이라 할 수 있다. 상악 제1대구치의 맹출장애는 크게 맹출지연, 매복, 일차정체 및 이차정체로 나누어서 생각할 수 있다. 매복의 원인 중 물리적 장애물이 존재할 경우 우선 이를 제거하고 치아발육 상태에 따라 제거 후 관찰, 외과적 노출 또는 교정적 견인 등으로 치료가능하며 이소맹출에 의 한 매복일 경우 brass wire, pendulum applinace, 제2유구치 발치후 공간 유지 및 공간확보 등으로 치료를 할 수 있다. 본 증례들은 혼합치열기의 환아로서 맹출장애를 보이는 상악제1대구치의 진단 및 그에 따른 치료를 통해 양호한 치료결과를 보여 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 2012

목 적 : 소아청소년을 대상으로 2010-2011 인플루엔자 백신의 야외 효능을 확인하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2010년 9월에서 2011년 2월까지 소아 청소년을 대상으로 서울 경기지역의 7개 병원과 1개 초등학교에서 인플루엔자 백신을 접종한 시험군과 접종하지 않은 대조군을 모집하였다. 급성 발열성 호흡기 질환 증상이 있을시 임상시험기관에 방문하도록 하여 검체를 채취하여 감염여부를 확인하였다. 결 과 : 시험 군 407명 중 3명(0.74%)에서 3건의 신종 H1N1 인플루엔자 바이러스가 검출되었고, 대조군 230명 중 10명(4.35%)에서 12건을 검출하여 9명(3.91%)에서 9건의 신종 H1N1, 3명(1.30%)에서 3건의 H3N2 인플루엔자 바이러스를 검출하였다. 시험군에서의 인플루엔자 발생률은 0.74%, 대조군에서 4.35%였다. 백신의 야외 효능은 83.2%였다. 결 론 : 소아청소년을 대상으로 2010-2011년 인플루엔자 백신의 야외효능은 우수하였음을 확인하였다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.231-244
• /
• 2000

Parish nursing is a community health nursing role developed in 1983 by Lutheran Chaplain Granger Westberg. An increasing emphasis on holistic care, personal responsibility for a healthy lifestyle, and changes in healthcare delivery systems have undoubtedly facilitated the establishment of an innovative nursing role in the community. Parish nurses are functioning in a variety of church congregations of various denominations. The parish nurse is a educator, a personal health counselor, a coordinator of volunteers. The parish nurses helps people relate to the complexed medical care system and assists people to integrate faith and health. The purpose of this study is to investigate what the korean parishioners want in parish nursing and what type of role expectation from parish nurse. The subjects were 1138 parishioners of 23 churches of various denominations in nationwide Korea. Data were collected by self-reported question naires from Feb 4 to June 25. 1999. The data were analyzed by using percentage. frequency. $x^2-test$. multiple Response set with SPSS program. The results are as follows: 1. Desired parish nursing contents by parish nurses are: psychological counselling(23.4%) out of private counselling. stress management(21.1 %) out of private health education. Emergency care(14.1%) out of group health education. Blood Pressure check-ups (19.0%) out of Health check ups. home visiting(44.9%) out of patient visiting method. B T. pulse, respiration and blood pressure check(15.0%) in Care to serve in home visiting. spiritual preparation to accept the death(41.7%) in hospice care, advices to choice of medical treatment using guide(50.1%) in introducing and guiding of health care facilities, pray(21.7%) in spiritual care' faith support. 2. Desired Health Teaching Content According to Period of Clients by Parish Nurse are: Vaccination(22.5%) in infant and toddler health management. sexual education(25.3%) in adolescent health management. prenatal care (29.5%) in pregnant health management. osteoporosis prevention and management (22.4%) in Middle aged health management. dementia prevention and management(25.5%) in elderly health management. 3. The expectant role from parish nurse is spiritual care faith support(14.1%). patient visiting care(13.2%), hospice care(12.9%), private counseling(12.8%), health check ups (11.1 %), volunteer organization and training out of believer(11.0%), private health education (9.3%), group health education (8.3%). 4. In Necessity of Performing Parish Nursing according to Region, Most(over 95%) responded that nursing program is needed. so there is no significance between regions. In Performing Parish Nursing in their church, Most(92.2%) responded they want to perform program. 5. In case of performing parish nursing, 52% out of the subjects responded they want to participated in parish nursing volunteer's activity, for example. to be in active to be a companion to chat(42.1%), necessity support (25.3%), donation support(25.0%), exercise support(18.2%), vehicles support (9.9%). As a result. in holistic care and spiritual care, the need of parish nursing and the role expectation from parish nurse are very high among korean believers. Therefore, I suggest parish nursing centering around Taegu and Kyungbuk province should be extended to nationwide. For extending parish nursing program. more active advertisement and research is needed. After performing parish nursing program through out the country, further comparative research between regions should be practiced and Korean parish nursing program will be developed and activated.