• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.136-138
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• 2013

Carcinosarcoma of gallbladder is a rare malignant tumor characterized by malignant epithelial and malignant mesenchymal components. Its pathogenesis is unknown and most of carcinosarcomas of gallbladder are associated with poor survival because the disease presents at an advanced stage. A 69-year-old man presented with right upper quadrant pain. The preoperative diagnosis was gallbladder cancer, and thus, curative radical cholecystectomy was performed. Pathologic examination of the surgical specimen revealed that the tumor was composed of carcinomatous components with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and sarcomatous components with spindle cell sarcoma and chondrosarcoma, which was consistent with a diagnosis of primary carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder. The tumor was found to extend to the pericholecystic fat and no metastasis in regional lymph nodes.

• 생약학회지
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• 제35권4호통권139호
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• pp.364-367
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• 2004

Cordyceps militaris (CM) has been used as antidiabetics, anticancer, endocrine and sexual functions enhancement in the traditional medicine. Water soluble fractions of CM showed cytotoxic activities on the three kinds of human cancer cell lines, stomachic adenocarcinoma(SNU-1), colorectal adenocarcinoma (SNU-C4), and hepatocellular carcinoma(SNH-354). Cytotoxic activity guided isolation and identification of active fractions afforded cordycepin as an active component.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제75권4호
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• pp.140-149
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• 2013

Background: Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), an important regulator of plasminogen activator system which controls degradation of extracellular membrane and progression of tumor cells, and PAI-1 gene polymorphic variants have been known as the prognostic biomarkers of non-small cell lung cancer patients. Recently, experimental in vitro study revealed that transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ initiated PAI-1 transcription through epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. However, there is little clinical evidence on the association between PAI-1 A15T gene polymorphism and prognosis of Korean population with pulmonary adenocarcinoma and the influence of activating mutation of EGFR kinase domain. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 171 patients who were diagnosed with pulmonary adenocarcinoma and undergone EGFR mutation analysis from 1995 through 2009. Results: In all patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma, there was no significant association between PAI-1 A15T polymorphic variants and prognosis for overall survival. However, further subgroup analysis showed that the group with AG/AA genotype had a shorter 3-year survival time than the group with GG genotype in patients with EGFR mutant-type pulmonary adenocarcinoma (mean survival time, 24.9 months vs. 32.5 months, respectively; p=0.015). In multivariate analysis of 3-year survival for patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma harboring mutant-type EGFR, the AG/AA genotype carriers had poorer prognosis than the GG genotype carriers (hazard ratio, 7.729; 95% confidence interval, 1.414-42.250; p=0.018). Conclusion: According to our study of Korean population with pulmonary adenocarcinoma, AG/AA genotype of PAI-1 A15T would be a significant predictor of poor short-term survival in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma harboring mutant-type EGFR.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.325-329
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• 2017

A 2-year-old female Maltese dog was admitted with a history of pyometra and resulting peritonitis and septicemia. Uterine specimen sampled by ovariohysterectomy was processed routinely for histopathological observation. Grossly, the uterine mucosa was covered with necrotic debris and on the cut surface, lesion extended into the uterine wall. Microscopically, severe necrosis was observed throughout thickened mucosa, submucosa, and wall of uterus. Tumorous lesions composed of anaplastic cells with bizarre nuclei or tubular structures of cuboidal to short columnar cells were infrequently observed around the necrotic lesions and muscular layer far from necrotic areas. Immunohistochemically, central necrotic area with ambiguous cell and tissue structures, peri-necrotic tumor lesions, and muscular layer were strongly positive for cytokeratin. Since huge necrosis of adenocarcinoma lesions in this case made it difficult to diagnose, immunohistochemical results enable to diagnose as a severe necrotizing adenocarcinoma. Thus, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in this case may serve as an important knowledge to diagnose uterine adenocarcinoma with huge necrosis in the veterinary field.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제78권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2015

Primary thymic adenocarcinoma is a very rare malignancy of the anterior mediastinum with no standardized treatment. A 36-year-old male patient presented with hoarseness over the past 3 months. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed an infiltrative mass to the proximal vessels and aortic arch in left upper mediastinum ($4.1{\times}3.1{\times}5.4cm$). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed focal lesions, suggesting metastasis in the left frontal lobe. A thoracoscopic biopsy of the mediastinal mass confirmed a primary thymic adenocarcinoma forming a glandular structure with atypia of tumor cells. The patient received four cycles of systemic chemotherapy, consisting of etoposide and cisplatin, with concurrent radiotherapy (6,000 cGy/30 fractions) to the mediastinal lesion and the metastatic brain lesion (4,200 cGy/12 fractions). A follow-up chest CT scan and brain MRI showed a decrease in the size of the left upper mediastinal mass and brain lesion. We report a rare case of the primary thymic adenocarcinoma with a literature review.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.2637-2641
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• 2016

Tumor necrosis factor ($TNF-{\alpha}$), an inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the control of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, has previously been used in anti-cancer therapy. However, the therapeutic applications of $TNF-{\alpha}$ are largely limited due to its general toxicity and anti-apoptotic influence. To overcome this problem, the present study focused on the effect of active constituents isolated from a medicinal plant on $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells. Nimbolide from Azadirachta indica was evaluated for cytotoxicity by methyl tetrazolium 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and phase contrast microscopy. Effects on apoptotic signaling proteins were investigated using Western blot analysis. Nimbolide showed cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells that was significantly different from the control group (p<0.01), a concentration of $10{\mu}M$ significantly inducing cell death (p<0.01). In combination with $TNF-{\alpha}$, nimbolide significantly enhanced-induced cell death. In apoptotic pathway, nimbolide activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, BH3 interacting-domain death agonist (Bid) and up-regulated the death receptor 5 (DR5) level. In the combination group, nimbolide markedly sensitized $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced JNK, Bid, caspase-3 activation and the up-regulation of DR5. Our findings overall indicate that nimbolide may enhance $TNF-{\alpha}$-mediated cellular proliferation inhibition through increasing cell apoptosis of HT-29 cells by up-reglation of DR5 expression via the JNK pathway.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.163-166
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• 2007

The cytotoxic effects of partially purified substances from Bacillus polylfermenticus SCD toward a variety tumor cell lines were studied. Cytotoxic activity was determined with regard to the A549 (human lung carcinoma), AGS (human stomach adenocarcinoma), DLD-1 (human colon adenocarcinoma), HEC-1-B (human uterus adenocarcinoma), SW-156 (human kidney carcinoma), and NIH/3T3 (murine normal fibroblast) cell lines using the MTT assay. Cytotoxic substances were partially purified through Diaion HP-20 columns and extracted with methanol or other organic solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, and butanol). B. polyfermenticus SCD supernatant showed up to 60% inhibition of cell viability fer all five human cancer cell lines tested. When treated with 10 mg/mL of n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, and butanol extract, HEC-1-B cells showed a 25,62,35, and 63% rate of inhibition respectively, and AGS cells showed a 72, 61, 44, and 67% rate of inhibition, respectively. At a concentration of 10 mg/mL, 100% methanol Diaion HP-20 extracts showed inhibition rates of 97.0% toward A-549 cells, 98.1% toward AGS cells, 81.6% toward DLD-1 cells, 83.5% toward HEC-1-B cells, and 92.7% toward SW-156 cells. These results indicate that partially purified fractions from B. polyfermenticus SCD have the potential to inhibit not only colon cancer cells, but also lung, stomach uterus, and kidney cancer cells. Further studies are needed to characterize the cytotoxic substances released in B. polyfermenticus SCD cultures.

• BMB Reports
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• 제50권8호
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• pp.411-416
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• 2017

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein complex subunit 6 (EMC6) is a novel human autophagy-related molecule. Here, using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry, we report that EMC6 protein is lost or reduced in glandular cells of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, compared to normal stomach mucosa. Overexpression of EMC6 in gastric cancer cells inhibited cell growth, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S-phase. Further investigation suggested that EMC6 overexpression in BGC823 human adenocarcinoma gastric cancer cells reduced tumorigenicity in a xenograft model, demonstrating that EMC6 has the characteristics of a tumor suppressor. This is the first study to show that EMC6 induces cell death in gastric cancer cells. The molecular mechanism of how EMC6 functions as a tumor suppressor needs to be further explored.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2014

췌장에 생기는 종양 중에 adenosquamous carcinoma는 드물지만, 예후가 좋지 않으며 더 흔한 adenocarcinoma보다 다른 곳으로 전이할 확률이 높다. 이 증례 보고는 pancreas에 생긴 adenosquamous cell carcinoma와 liver로 전이한 병변이 서로 다른 영상소견을 보이는 드문 예로, 기존의 문헌들을 참고해 pancreas에 생기는 드문 질병인 adenosquamous cell carcinoma에 대한 이해를 돕기 위함이다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.185-197
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• 2001

여러 가지 장점이 있음에도 일정성이 유지되지 않는 다는 단점이 있는 마이크로파 고정 효과를 "저에너지 마이크로파"를 사용하여 보완하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 사람 위선암(gastric adenocarcinoma)을 저 에너지 마이크로파(low energy of microwave, LEM)로 고정하여 미세구조와 항원-항체반응 수준에서 그 효과를 관찰하고자 하였다. LEM으로 고정한 시료에서 항원-항체반응은 monoclonal 생쥐-항-사람-p53 (IgG2b, kappa)과 토끼-항-사람-c-erbB-2로 처리하여 결과를 냉동 절편과 비교하였다. 암세포 특이 항원은 LEM으로 처리한 시료에서 발색반응 산물의 확산이 적은 것으로 관찰되었고 보다 쉽게 인지될 수 있었다. LEM으로 고정한 위선암 조직의 미세구조는 보존된 것으로 보였으나 그 고정효과는 2차 원인에 의해 손상되는 것으로 보였으므로 이를 보상하기 위해서 LEM 고정 후 저농도 화학 고정액으로 재차 처리하여 다소의 일정성을 유지할 수 있었으나 위선암 조직은 더 낮은 마이크로파 에너지 요구성이 있는 것으로 생각할 수 있었다. 따라서 암세포가 요구하는 "최소 마이크로파 요구 범위"를 밝히기 위해서 배양 HeLa 세포를 더 낮은 에너지의 마이크로파와 저농도 화학고정액으로 처리한 결과 HeLa세포 미세구조가 보존되는 등 비교적 좋은 효과를 볼 수 있었다. 이 결과로 보면 LEM 조사(照射)로서 생체 저분자 및 수용성 단백질이 crosslink되는 효과가 있는 것으로 보았고 이를 저농도 화학 고정액으로 재차 고정하는 방법으로서 미세구조 및 항원성 보존 효과가 있는 것으로 사료되었으므로 이에 대하여 논의하고자 하였다.