• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.255-259
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• 2000

For rapid and sensitive measurement of antiviral activities, application of a recombinant virus containing firefly luciferase gene was attempted. Recombinant human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) containing luciferase gene driven by HCMV late gene pp28 promoter (HCMV/pp28-luc) was used to test the antiviral activities of three known compounds and the result was compared with results from the conventional plaque assay for measuring the production of infectious viruses. When human fibroblast cells were infected with HCMV/pp28-luc, luciferase activity was observed at 2 days after infection and reached maximum at 6 days after infection, whereas the production of infectious virus was maximal at 4 days after infection. The antiviral activities of ganciclovir, acyclovir, and papaverine were measured in HFF cells infected with HCMV/PP28-luc and the luciferase activity was compared with the infectious virus titers. Luciferase activity decreased as the concentration of ganciclovir or papaverine increased, while there was a slight decrease in luciferase activity with acyclovir. The level of the decrease in Luciferase activity was comparable to the level of decrease in the production of infectious virus. Therefore, the antiviral assay using recombinant virus HCMV/pp28-luc resulted in sensitivity similar to the conventional plaque assay with a significant reduction in assay time.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2019

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection is common and usually asymptomatic in young infants and children. However, EBV infections in transplant recipients and other immunosuppressed patients can be fatal. EBV-related neurological complications in immunocompetent adults are extremely rare and self-limited. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis(ADEM) may also follow EBV infection; ADEM is characterized by abrupt onset and rapid progression. We report an immunocompetent adult patient who developed diffuse meningoencephalitis with ADEM-like features caused by EBV infection. A 35-year-old Vietnamese woman was admitted presenting with urinary retention, altered mental status, and paraplegia. PCR of the patient's cerebrospinal fluid showed positive results for EBV. Brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging showed ADEM-like features. She was treated with acyclovir, steroid, and immunoglobulins. We report the case of an immunocompetent adult Vietnamese woman who presented with rapidly progressive diffuse meningoencephalitis associated with EBV infection and was treated with antivirals, corticosteroids, and immunoglobulins.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2002

목 적 : 수두는 Varicella zoster virus(VZV)의 일차 감염에 의한 전염병으로, 전염률이 80~90%에 이르는데 예방법은 접촉 후 72시간 이내에 zoster immune globulin(ZIG)이나 백신을 투여하는 것이나 전염시기가 발진이 발생하기 24~48시간 전부터이므로 효과적인 예방이 매우 어렵다. 본 연구는 가족 내 수두 환자와 접촉한 지 72시간 이상 경과된 경우의 예방법으로 보다 실질적이라 생각되는 ACV 투여가 수두 예방에 과연 효과적인지를 확인하기 위하여 본 연구를 시도하였다. 방 법 : 1996년 3월부터 1997년 7월까지 가톨릭대학교 성빈센트병원 소아과 외래에서 수두로 진단받았으나 수두의 병력이 없으면서 백신을 접종 받지 않았던 소아를 대상으로 가족 내의 환자 발생 9일째부터 치료군은 Acyclovir 40 mg/kg/일 4회 분복으로 5일간 투여하였고 대조군은 아무런 약제도 투여하지 않았다. 임상적인 진단은 전형적인 발진의 발생으로 하여 관찰되는 발진의 숫자를 발진이 없는 경우부터 6단계로 구분하였다. 혈청학적 진단기준은 VZV IgM이 양성이거나, VZV IgG가 양전된 경우로 하여 치료군에 한하여 약제 투여가 끝난 1주일과 4주일이 경과된 시점에 VZV에 대한 항체 검사를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 치료군 20명 중 검체 채취가 완전하고 과거의 불현성 감염으로 판단되는 3명을 제외한 총 12명만을 대조군 20명과 비교하였다. 감염원, 치료군 및 대조군의 평균 연령은 각각 51.4개월, 28.5개월 및 31개월로 감염원이 치료군 및 대조군의 연령에 비하여 의미있게 높았다(P<0.05). 혈청학적 진단으로 VZV 감염이 증명된 경우는 치료군 12명 중 9명(75%)으로 ACV 투여 후의 첫번째 및 두번째 검체에서 IgM이 양성인 경우는 각각 6명과 3명이었다. 이 중 두번째 검체에서 양전된 경우가 2명이었다. 따라서 VZV IgM으로 감염이 증명된 경우가 8명이었고 첫번째에선 IgM, IgG 모두 음성이었으나 두번째 검체에서 IgG가 양성으로 전환되어 증명된 경우가 1명이었다. 치료군 12명 중 발열은 모두 없었으며 3명(25%) 에서만 2단계의 경한 발진을 보였으나 대조군 20명 중 발열은 15명(75%), 3단계 이상의 발진이 17명(85%)으로 치료군과 통계적으로 의미있는 차이를 보였다. 또한 대조군 20명에서는 모두 수포가 관찰되었으나 치료군에서는 3명만 발진이 관찰되었고 그 중 수포가 발생한 경우는 1명뿐이었다. 결 론 : ACV 치료군에서는 피부 발진의 빈도 및 세기가 낮아 수두의 임상 증상이 나타나기 7일 전에 ACV를 가족 내 접촉자에게 투여했을 때 감염을 예방할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 약제의 투여 시기는 바이러스혈증이 존재하는 발진의 발생 5일 전부터 1일 후까지로 바이러스의 증식을 억제할 수 있으므로 노출 9일째부터 ACV를 투여한 군에서 효과가 있을 것으로 추정된다. 약제 투여 후의 임상적 효과와 VZV에 대한 영구적 면역 획득 여부에 대해선 아직 잘 밝혀지지 않은 상태로 VZV 감염의 예방요법으로서 ACV의 일반적 적용을 위해서는 다방면의 연구가 지속되어져야 하겠다.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.103-105
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• 2004

Horner's syndrome may rarely accompany herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). A 78-year-old woman suffered from HZO accompanied ipsilateral ptosis and miosis. Before skin eruption, she was diagnosed as a paratrigeminal syndrome of Raeder. She was treated with intravenous acyclovir and prednisone for 7 days. Ptosis and miosis was not completely improved after 5 months of follow-up.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회 and 제3회 신약개발 연구발표회
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• pp.228-228
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• 1994

Nucleoside계통의 유도체를 합성하여 체내 DNA 또는 RNA 합성대사에 영향을 줌으로써 궁극적으로 항암성 또는 항 virus성 작용을 나타내는 화합물을 얻고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 천연의 nucleoside 구조중에서 특히 당부분에 변형을 준 일련의 acyclonucleoside 유도체들을 합성하였다. 이는 그간 많이 연구되어온acyclonucleoside 계열인 acyclovir계와는 달리 ribose 당부분을 $C_1$에서 $C_{5}$까지 거리가 유사한 acycloalkyl 결합형태로 결합하고 3'위치에 변형을 가져온 pyrimidine계 유도체를 합성하고자 일련의 반응을 시도하였다. 목적하는 화합물 계열을 얻지 못하고, 몇종류의 관련 유도체들을 분리하여 구조를 규명하고자 하였고, 이들중 일부에 대해 in vitro L1210 cell 증식억제효과를 검색하여 그 결과를 보고하고자 한다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1993년도 제2회 신약개발 연구발표회 초록집
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• pp.41-41
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• 1993

현재 유일하게 AIDS 치료제로 허가된 AZT를 비롯하여 항 virus 효과를 나타내는 약물의 대부분은 구조적으로 Nucleoside계에 속하는 화합물로서 수많은 약리학적 연구 및 합성 화학적 연구가 이루어져 왔다. 특히 합성 화학적 측면에서 이들 화합물의 합성은 크게 두 가지로 나누어지는데 그것은 Sugar 부위의 변형을 통한 방법과 염기 부위의 변형을 통한 방법에 의해 새로운 항 바이러스제를 개발하는 것이다. 최근의 연구 동향에 있어서 주목할 만한 변화의 하나는 Sugar 부위의 구조적 변형을 시도하는데 있어서 종래의 5원환 형태에서 환이개열된 형태의 Acyclic Nucleoside에 대한 연구가 이루어져 좋은 효과를 거두고 있다는 사실이다. Acyclovir, Ganciclovir 등의 개발이 그것이다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 Acyclic Nucleoside계의 새로운 항 virus제를 합성하여 그 생리 활성을 검색하고자 한다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.366.2-366.2
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• 2002

In an effort to search for the chemically and enzymatically stable carbonucleoside. we designed ［1'-fluoro-2', 2'-bis-(hydroxymethyl) cyclopropyl methyl］ purines. The underlying concept for our design is to seek relatively conformationally-locked compound with minimal structural disturbance from acyclic carbonucleoside such as acyclovir or penciclovir. To meet such a requirement. we need to introduce cyclopropane and fluorine moiety. (omitted)

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.337-340
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• 2008

Purpose: Herpes zoster is a common dermatologic disease characterized by unilateral pain and vesicular lesions over the unilateral sensory dermatomes being caused by the reactivation of Varicella zoster virus and its incidence seems to be increasing recently. In case of involving the ganglion of the fifth cranial nerve(trigeminal nerve), it can descend down the affected nerve into skin, then producing an eruption in the dermatome. Among the patients, about 40 - 50% had associated conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, pulmonary tuberculosis, liver diseases, peptic ulcer, hypothyroidism, pharyngitis but rare facial trauma. Methods: Retrospective study was done for 3 cases of Herpes zoster from May 2000 to May 2007, which had been treated with acyclovir and steroid. Results: The clinical course was uneventful. Follow-up length was about 3 months. After treatment, the patients became stable and there was no complications. Conclusion: Herpes zoster was commonly associated with systemic disorders and the treatment duration was prolonged in associated diseases. But herpes zoster occurring specifically at the site of previously traumatized facial skin has not yet been reported. We experienced the treatment of herpes zoster developing within recent operative facial scar and three cases are presented with the review of literatures. Finally, facial trauma might be a risk factor for herpes zoster in traumatized patients.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2001

Background : infection associated with otalgia, herpetic eruptions, facial palsy, trigeminal pain and cochleovestibular dysfunction such as hearing dishubance, tinnitus, vertigo and other symptoms, and is not frequently encountered in otolaryngologic field. And facial paralysis occured by this syndrome is rapid in onset, usually severe in degree, and poor in prognosis. Objectives : To evaluate the Oriental Medicine's treatment and prognosis of Herpes zoster oticus and to classify of peripheral Facial palsy on Oriental Medicine. Methods : Clinical observation and analysis about a case of Ramsay-Hunt syndrome III type was done, who visited Dongguk University Gangnam Hospital. This case is managed by integrated therapy of oriental and western medicine. In oriental medicine, to treate ear pain, heonggae-yeongoetang(荊芥蓮翹湯) was given and to treat herpetic eruption, 8 constitution acupuncture treatement was done. In western medicine, antiviral agent, acyclovir and steroid hormone, prednisolon were treated. Result : About 6 weeks treatment, this case which has worse prognosis than Bell's palsy, was completed cured without any complication. Conclusion : 1. Futher divided classification about non-infectious and infectious facial palsy include "Ramsay Hunt Syndrome" is needed. 2. In acute state, Jeonyohwadan's (纏腰火丹) treatement can be applied, but the difference of invasion part, primary symptom such as ear pain and herpetic eruption is needed another treatment. 3. Ear pain and herpetic eruption can be treated in part of poongyeol(風熱) and subyeol(濕熱). 4. In Acupuncture treatement, Jeonyohwadan's (纏腰火丹) treatement can be applied in acute stage and guanwasa's treatement can be applied in chronic stage. but futher research is needed. 5. This case, Ramsay Hunt Syndrome IlI type, was managed by integrated therapy such as heonggae-yeongoetang(荊芥蓮翹湯), 8 constitution acupuncture treatement, acyclovir and prednisolon and this treatement was good effect.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.121-124
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• 2012

Valaciclovir is metabolized to acyclovir after ingestion and thereafter exerts its antiviral activity. Because of its superior pharmacokinetic profile, it has quickly replaced acyclovir in the treatment of herpesvirus infection. Neurotoxicity caused by valaciclovir has been reported, however, among patients with pre-existing impaired renal function. This paper reports a case of neurotoxicity of valaciclovir in a patient with end-stage renal disease who was undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). A 67-year-old female on CAPD took 500 mg of valaciclovir twice for herpes zoster. After she took her second dose orally, she developed confusion and disorientation, along with involuntary movements. Her mental confusion progressed to a coma. Discontinuation of valaciclovir showed no rapid improvement. There- fore, hemodialysis was started. After two sessions of hemodialysis, the patient became alert; and after four sessions of hemodialysis, her neurological abnormalities were completely reversed. In conclusion, valaciclovir can induce life-threatening neurotoxicity, especially in CAPD patients, even with appropriate dose reduction, which can be effectively managed by hemodialysis.